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Discovery Medicine Jun 2024The incidence rate of allergic rhinitis (AR) is on the rise, which seriously affects the quality of life, work efficiency, mental state of patients, and sleeping in AR...
BACKGROUND
The incidence rate of allergic rhinitis (AR) is on the rise, which seriously affects the quality of life, work efficiency, mental state of patients, and sleeping in AR sleep. This experiment aimed to investigate the changes in Treg/Th17 cells in the nasal mucosa of an AR mouse model and the intervention effect of an Anti-IL-17 antibody.
METHODS
A mouse model of AR was induced by intraperitoneal ovalbumin (OVA) injection for sensitization and stimulation with nasal drops. The times of rubbing, sneezing, and symptomatology scores were counted and analyzed. Pathological damage to the nasal mucosa was observed by Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining. Peripheral blood CD4CD25CD127 Treg cell levels and the content of Th17 cells were measured by flow cytometry (FCM). ELISA kits were used to detect the levels of relevant cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β1) secreted by Treg cells. The intervention effect of Anti-IL-17 antibody was observed by giving Anti-IL-17 antibody treatment.
RESULTS
The times of rubbing, sneezing, and symptomatology scores were significantly higher in mice in the OVA group than in the Control group ( < 0.001). The percentage of CD4CD25CD127 Treg cells in CD4CD25 T cells ( < 0.05) and the levels of IL-10 ( < 0.001) and TGF-β1 ( < 0.001) were significantly decreased. After OVA induction, the continuity of the nasal mucosa of mice was interrupted, the percentage of Th17 cells, IL-17, and IL-4 levels were increased, and IFN-γ levels were significantly reduced ( < 0.001). And protein expression of RORγt was significantly upregulated ( < 0.001). In addition, all of these results were reversed by Anti-IL-17 antibody treatment, significantly improving AR-related symptoms ( < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Anti-IL-17 antibodies may regulate the body's immune response by promoting CD4CD25CD127 Treg cell differentiation, thereby ameliorating the symptoms associated with AR.
Topics: Animals; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory; Nasal Mucosa; Rhinitis, Allergic; Th17 Cells; Mice; Disease Models, Animal; Interleukin-17; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Female; Ovalbumin; Transforming Growth Factor beta1; Interleukin-10; Antibodies
PubMed: 38926112
DOI: 10.24976/Discov.Med.202436185.116 -
Advances in Respiratory Medicine May 2024Ragweed pollen allergy is the most common seasonal allergy in western Romania. Prolonged exposure to ragweed pollen may induce sensitization to pan-allergens such as...
Ragweed pollen allergy is the most common seasonal allergy in western Romania. Prolonged exposure to ragweed pollen may induce sensitization to pan-allergens such as calcium-binding proteins (polcalcins) and progression to more severe symptoms. We aimed to detect IgE sensitization to recombinant Amb a 9 and Amb a 10 in a Romanian population, to assess their potential clinical relevance and cross-reactivity, as well as to investigate the relation with clinical symptoms. rAmb a 9 and rAmb a 10 produced in were used to detect specific IgE in sera from 87 clinically characterized ragweed-allergic patients in ELISA, for basophil activation experiments and rabbit immunization. Rabbit rAmb a 9- and rAmb a 10-specific sera were used to detect possible cross-reactivity with rArt v 5 and reactivity towards ragweed and mugwort pollen extracts. The results showed an IgE reactivity of 25% to rAmb a 9 and 35% to rAmb a 10. rAmb a 10 induced basophil degranulation in three out of four patients tested. Moreover, polcalcin-negative patients reported significantly more skin symptoms, whereas polcalcin-positive patients tended to report more respiratory symptoms. Furthermore, both rabbit antisera showed low reactivity towards extracts and showed high reactivity to rArt v 5, suggesting strong cross-reactivity. Our study indicated that recombinant ragweed polcalcins might be considered for molecular diagnosis.
Topics: Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Cross Reactions; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Romania; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Antigens, Plant; Allergens; Female; Male; Ambrosia; Rabbits; Adult; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 38921061
DOI: 10.3390/arm92030022 -
Hospital Pharmacy Aug 2024Perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) is common in Japan. Second-generation antihistamines (SGAs) are commonly used for its treatment; however, it remains unclear which SGA...
Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Second-Generation Antihistamine 1 Receptor Blockers and Japanese Kampo Shoseiryuto for Treating Perennial Allergic Rhinitis in Outpatient Settings in Japan.
Perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) is common in Japan. Second-generation antihistamines (SGAs) are commonly used for its treatment; however, it remains unclear which SGA is the most cost-effective. Additionally, the pharmacoeconomics of Japanese Kampo shoseiryuto (which was traditionally prescribed to treat PAR in Japan) remains poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of various SGAs and shoseiryuto for the treatment of PAR in Japanese outpatients, from the healthcare payer's perspective. The most cost- and clinically effective SGAs were determined from a list of 6 SGAs (bepotastine, 10 mg; cetirizine, 10 mg; ebastine, 10 mg; epinastine, 20 mg; loratadine, 10 mg; and olopatadine, 5 mg) together with shoseiryuto, using the overall improvement rate through a model-based analysis. The time horizon was 28 days. Costs were determined based on the Medical Fee Index in 2020. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted to address the uncertainty of the base-case results. Overall, bepotastine (10 mg) and ebastine (10 mg) were cost-effective. Shoseiryuto was less cost-effective than ebastine (10 mg) (dominated). Ebastine (10 mg) was the most cost-effective option based on deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. Ebastine (10 mg) was the most cost-effective treatment strategy for PAR among the agents evaluated in this study. This insight could aid in establishing an appropriate formulary for treating PAR in hospitals and communities.
PubMed: 38919765
DOI: 10.1177/00185787241229152 -
BMC Pulmonary Medicine Jun 2024Asthma exacerbation (AE) is a significant clinical problem during pregnancy. This study aimed to identify maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with AE during...
BACKGROUND
Asthma exacerbation (AE) is a significant clinical problem during pregnancy. This study aimed to identify maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with AE during pregnancy.
METHODS
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Peking University Third Hospital database from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2020. We compared the clinical characteristics and maternal, perinatal and offspring outcomes of asthma with and without exacerbations among women who delivered during this period. The primary outcome was hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the clinical characteristics of AE during pregnancy and the association between AE and adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.
RESULTS
The prevalence of asthma during pregnancy increased from 0.52% in 2013 to 0.98% in 2020. Of the 220 patients with asthma during pregnancy included in the study, 105 experienced AE during pregnancy: 62.9% (n = 66) had mild-to-moderate AE and 37.1% (n = 39) had severe AE. Pregnant women with allergic rhinitis have a higher risk of AE during pregnancy. Women who experienced AE were more at risk for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy than women who did not experience any exacerbation (12.4%vs3.5%, p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of asthma among pregnant women in China is on the rise. There is a notable correlation between pregnant women who suffer from allergic rhinitis and an elevated risk of AE during pregnancy. Studies have shown that AE during pregnancy are associated with an increased risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
Topics: Humans; Female; Pregnancy; Asthma; Retrospective Studies; China; Adult; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Outcome; Prevalence; Infant, Newborn; Risk Factors; Young Adult; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced; Logistic Models; East Asian People
PubMed: 38918763
DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-03112-8 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Jun 2024Allergic rhinitis is a common non-infectious inflammatory disease that affects approximately 15 % of people worldwide and has a complex and unclear aetiology. In...
Allergic rhinitis is a common non-infectious inflammatory disease that affects approximately 15 % of people worldwide and has a complex and unclear aetiology. In recent years, pyroptosis has been found to play a role in the development of allergic rhinitis. IL-9, pyroptosis, serum and glucocorticoid-induced protein kinase 1 (SGK1), NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) have been shown to influence each other. Herein, we aimed to explore the role of IL-9 neutralising antibody in pyroptosis involving IL-9, SGK1, NF-κB, and NLRP3 in allergic rhinitis. We observed a decrease in cytokines involved in pyroptosis and gasdermin D (GSDMD) compared with those in mice with allergic rhinitis. Further, phosphorylation of NF-κB/p65 decreased compared with that in mice with allergic rhinitis; NLRP3 and ASC also decreased, although the levels were higher than those in controls. SGK1 levels decreased compared with that in mice with allergic rhinitis and increased after using IL-9 neutralising antibodies, thus demonstrating its negative regulatory effects. The IL-9 neutralising antibody reduced the inflammatory and pyroptosis responses via SGK1 and NF-κB/NLRP3/GSDMD pathway. Our research results indicate that IL-9 regulates allergic rhinitis via the influence of SGK1 and NF-κB/NLRP3/GSDMD signalling pathway, providing new insights for developing novel drugs to treat allergic rhinitis.
PubMed: 38917753
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117019 -
European Annals of Allergy and Clinical... Jun 2024Grass and olive pollens have overlapping pollination periods and are common allergens in the Iberian Peninsula. The objective is to determine the sensitization pattern...
Grass and olive pollens have overlapping pollination periods and are common allergens in the Iberian Peninsula. The objective is to determine the sensitization pattern to major Phleum pratense and Olea europaea pollens in the Portuguese population with pollen allergic rhinitis (AR) using molecular allergen diagnosis (MAD). Seasonal AR patients (≥ 12 years), with positive skin prick tests (SPT) to Phleum and Olea were recruited from 16 centers. Using ALEX2, specific IgE to Phl p1, Phl p2, Phl p5, Phl p6, Phl p7, Phl p 12, Ole e1, Ole e7 and Ole e9 were determined. Immunoblotting of Olea allergic patients was performed. Included 175 patients (55.4% female; mean age 31.6 ± 13.3 years; 85.7% adults; 40% asthmatic, Coast 28%/Inland 72% and North 29.1%/Centre 20.6%/South 50.3%). Considering Phleum MAD, 85.7% were sensitized to Phl p1, 45.7% to Phl p2, 50.3% to Phl p5, 45.7%, to Phl p6, 10.9% to Phl p7 and 22.9% to Phl p12. Sensitization to Ole e1 was found in 56.6%, to Ole e7 in 1.7% and Ole e9 in 3.4% patients. Sensitization to Phl p7 was more frequent in asthmatics (17.4% vs 6.6%; p = 0.044). Sensitization to Phl p5, Phl p6, Phl p12 and Ole e1 was more frequent in inland. Regarding sensitization patterns: 53.1% patients were sensitized to both species genuine´ sIgE, 38.3% to Phleum and 3.4% only to Olea species' sIgE. Immunoblotting of Olea allergic patients showed a high intensity band that may correspond to Ole e12. MAD showed "genuine" Grass and Olea sensitization in approximately 50% of our patients.
PubMed: 38913398
DOI: 10.23822/EurAnnACI.1764-1489.347 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2024Pollen from , i.e., saltwort, Russian thistle, is a major allergen source in the coastal regions of southern Europe, in Turkey, Central Asia, and Iran. allergic patients...
Pollen from , i.e., saltwort, Russian thistle, is a major allergen source in the coastal regions of southern Europe, in Turkey, Central Asia, and Iran. allergic patients mainly suffer from hay-fever (i.e., rhinitis and conjunctivitis), asthma, and allergic skin symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of individual allergen molecules. Sal k 1, Sal k 2, Sal k 3, Sal k 4, Sal k 5, and Sal k 6 were expressed in as recombinant proteins containing a C-terminal hexahistidine tag and purified by nickel affinity chromatography. The purity of the recombinant allergens was analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Their molecular weight was determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and their fold and secondary structure were studied by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Sera from clinically well-characterized -allergic patients were used for IgE reactivity and basophil activation experiments. allergen-specific IgE levels and IgE levels specific for the highly IgE cross-reactive profilin and the calcium-binding allergen from timothy grass pollen, Phl p 12 and Phl p 7, respectively, were measured by ImmunoCAP. The allergenic activity of natural pollen allergens was studied in basophil activation experiments. Recombinant allergens were folded when studied by CD analysis. The sum of recombinant allergen-specific IgE levels and allergen-extract-specific IgE levels was highly correlated. Sal k 1 and profilin, reactive with IgE from 64% and 49% of patients, respectively, were the most important allergens, whereas the other allergens were less frequently recognized. Specific IgE levels were highest for profilin. Of note, 37% of patients who were negative for Sal k 1 showed IgE reactivity to Phl p 12, emphasizing the importance of the ubiquitous cytoskeletal actin-binding protein, profilin, for the diagnosis of IgE sensitization in -allergic patients. rPhl p 12 and rSal k 4 showed equivalent IgE reactivity, and the clinical importance of profilin was underlined by the fact that profilin-monosensitized patients suffered from symptoms of respiratory allergy to saltwort. Accordingly, profilin should be included in the panel of allergen molecules for diagnosis and in molecular allergy vaccines for the treatment and prevention of allergy.
Topics: Humans; Profilins; Immunoglobulin E; Allergens; Salsola; Female; Pollen; Male; Cross Reactions; Adult; Recombinant Proteins; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Middle Aged; Basophils; Antigens, Plant; Young Adult; Adolescent; Plant Proteins
PubMed: 38911871
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1379833 -
Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research May 2024This study investigated the impact of aeroallergens on the development and progression of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), with a focus on the specific associations between...
PURPOSE
This study investigated the impact of aeroallergens on the development and progression of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), with a focus on the specific associations between aeroallergens and CRS according to allergen type, number, and extent of sensitization.
METHODS
The medical records of 256 CRS patients were retrospectively analyzed. All were divided into nonallergic, house dust mite (HDM)-allergic, pollen-allergic, and double allergic groups via specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) testing. Clinical characteristics, computed tomography (CT) scores, olfactory functions, and demographic data were compared. Correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationships between the extent of allergen sensitization and CRS severity. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for hyposmia and anosmia.
RESULTS
The allergic group exhibited higher total CT scores than the nonallergic group ( = 0.001). Sensitivity to HDM or pollen allergens alone was not significantly associated with increased CRS severity. No significant differences were observed between the effects of HDM and pollen allergens on CRS severity. However, the double allergic group exhibited significantly higher CT scores ( < 0.001, < 0.001, and 0.003) than the other groups. Although the prevalence rates of anosmia and hyposmia were notably higher in the double allergic group, the difference was not statistically significant. The maximum specific IgE levels to HDM and pollen allergens positively correlated with the CT scores ( = 0.001 and 0.001, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
Allergen sensitization, particularly to multiple common allergens, contributed to CRS severity. CRS patients sensitized to both HDM and pollen allergens tended to experience the diminished olfactory function. These findings underscore the importance of considering the allergen sensitization pattern when assessing CRS severity and its potential progression.
PubMed: 38910285
DOI: 10.4168/aair.2024.16.3.279 -
The Science of the Total Environment Jun 2024Limited studies have assessed the impact of residential greenness exposure on allergic rhinitis in adults, and its relationship with ambient air pollutants remains...
BACKGROUND
Limited studies have assessed the impact of residential greenness exposure on allergic rhinitis in adults, and its relationship with ambient air pollutants remains unknown.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the association of residential greenness with allergic rhinitis incidence and explore the mediation effects of ambient air pollutants in adults using data from a prospective cohort study in UK Biobank.
METHODS
Greenness was defined as the area-weighted mean of greenness coverage based on the land used data from the Generalized Land Use Database for England (GLUD) 2005 in the UK Biobank. Multiple Cox proportional hazard models and a generalized additive model incorporating restricted cubic splines were used to model the potential nonlinear effect of residential greenness on allergic rhinitis incidence and the potential mediation effect of ambient air pollutants.
RESULTS
Among the 281,699 subjects included in the analysis, 3260 allergic rhinitis incident cases occurred after a median follow-up of 14 years. With per 10% increase in residential greenness at a 300-m buffer, a 2.5% (95% CI: 1.0%, 4.0%) decreased risk of allergic rhinitis was observed. An L-shaped, non-linear dose-response relationship was indicated with a threshold of 54.9% greenness above which no excess allergic rhinitis risk was seen. PM partially mediated the relationship between greenness and allergic rhinitis incidence with a mediation effect of 26.9% (95% CI: 12.6%, 41.2%). A similar pattern of association was found at 1000-m buffer size.
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrates a significant beneficial effect of residential greenness on reducing allergic rhinitis incidence. Greenness may erase air pollutants and mitigate the rhinitis risk from air pollution.
PubMed: 38909811
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174184 -
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical... Jun 2024It is currently unclear whether cesarean section increases the risk of allergic diseases in offspring.
BACKGROUND
It is currently unclear whether cesarean section increases the risk of allergic diseases in offspring.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the association between cesarean section and the risk of allergic diseases in offspring.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for relevant studies up to October 12, 2023. Observational studies comparing the risk of allergic diseases in offspring delivered by cesarean section versus those delivered vaginally were included. Most-adjusted estimates from individual studies were synthesized by meta-analysis.
RESULTS
A total of 113 studies were included, 70 of which had a low risk of bias. Compared with offspring delivered vaginally, offspring delivered by cesarean section had significantly greater risks of asthma (odds ratio [OR] 1.20, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.25), allergic rhinitis/conjunctivitis (OR 1.15, CI 1.09 to 1.22), atopic dermatitis/eczema (OR 1.08, CI 1.04 to 1.13), food allergies (OR 1.35, CI 1.18 to 1.54), and allergic sensitization (OR 1.19, CI 1.10 to 1.28). Cesarean section did not significantly increase urticaria risk. Sensitivity analyses including only studies with a low risk of bias, adjusted estimates, prospective data collection, large sample sizes, or outcomes from medical records generally supported these findings. Offspring age, study region latitude, economy type, and cesarean section rate accounted for some of the clinical heterogeneity. No data on allergic purpura were found.
CONCLUSION
Most-adjusted estimates suggest that cesarean section is associated with increased risks of asthma, allergic rhinitis/conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis/eczema, food allergies, and allergic sensitization in offspring. The impact of cesarean section on urticaria and purpura remains uncertain.
PubMed: 38908434
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.06.022