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Polymers Apr 2024The goal of the study was to compare the surface characteristics of typical implant materials used in orthopedic surgery and traumatology, as these determine their...
The goal of the study was to compare the surface characteristics of typical implant materials used in orthopedic surgery and traumatology, as these determine their successful biointegration. The morphological and chemical structure of Vortex plate anodized titanium from commercially pure (CP) Grade 2 Titanium (Ti2) is generally used in the following; non-cemented total hip replacement (THR) stem and cup Ti alloy (Ti6Al4V) with titanium plasma spray (TPS) coating; cemented THR stem Stainless steel (SS); total knee replacement (TKR) femoral component CoCrMo alloy (CoCr); cemented acetabular component from highly cross-linked ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (HXL); and cementless acetabular liner from ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) (Sanatmetal, Ltd., Eger, Hungary) discs, all of which were examined. Visualization and elemental analysis were carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Surface roughness was determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and profilometry. TPS Ti presented the highest R value (25 ± 2 μm), followed by CoCr (535 ± 19 nm), Ti2 (227 ± 15 nm) and SS (170 ± 11 nm). The roughness measured in the HXL and UHMWPE surfaces was in the same range, 147 ± 13 nm and 144 ± 15 nm, respectively. EDS confirmed typical elements regarding the investigated prosthesis materials. XPS results supported the EDS results and revealed a high % of Ti on Ti2 and TPS surfaces. The results indicate that the surfaces of prosthesis materials have significantly different features, and a detailed characterization is needed to successfully apply them in orthopedic surgery and traumatology.
PubMed: 38732662
DOI: 10.3390/polym16091193 -
BMC Oral Health May 2024Releasing of metal ions might implicate in allergic reaction as a negative subsequent of the corrosion of Stainless Steel (SS304) orthodontic wires. The aim of this...
BACKGROUND
Releasing of metal ions might implicate in allergic reaction as a negative subsequent of the corrosion of Stainless Steel (SS304) orthodontic wires. The aim of this study was to evaluate the corrosion resistance of zinc-coated (Zn-coated) SS orthodontic wires.
METHODS
Zinc coating was applied on SS wires by PVD method. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Potentiodynamic polarization tests and Tafel analysis methods were used to predict the corrosion behavior of Zn-coated and uncoated SS wires in both neutral and acidic environments.
RESULTS
The values of E ,i and Rwhich were the electrochemical corrosion characteristics, reported better corrosion behavior of Zn-coated SS wires against uncoated ones in both artificial saliva and fluoride-containing environments. Experimental results of the Tafel plot analyses were consistent with that of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses for both biological solutions.
CONCLUSION
Applying Zn coating on bare SS orthodontic wire by PVD method might increase the corrosion resistance of the underlying stainless-steel substrate.
Topics: Corrosion; Stainless Steel; Orthodontic Wires; Zinc; Dielectric Spectroscopy; Saliva, Artificial; Materials Testing; Dental Alloys; Coated Materials, Biocompatible; Fluorides; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Humans; Surface Properties; Potentiometry
PubMed: 38725023
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04242-5 -
Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor... May 2024A 56-year-old woman presented with persistent unilateral gnathological complaints after replacing an amalgam restoration. The patient reported tension and pain in the...
A 56-year-old woman presented with persistent unilateral gnathological complaints after replacing an amalgam restoration. The patient reported tension and pain in the right side of her jaw, along with crackling sounds in the temporomandibular joint. Physical examination revealed tenderness in the right masseter muscle and temporomandibular joint, as well as anterior disc replacement with reduction on both sides. The initial treatment focused on providing rest to the temporomandibular joint, the Yoda exercise, and later, wet-needling. Despite initially limited improvement, the symptoms persisted. This case underscores the complexity and various treatment options for temporomandibular joint issues following dental procedures.
Topics: Humans; Female; Middle Aged; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders; Dental Amalgam; Treatment Outcome; Dental Restoration, Permanent
PubMed: 38715536
DOI: 10.5177/ntvt.2024.05.23106 -
Odontology May 2024The aim of this research was to determine if there are differences in early bacterial adhesion among CAD/CAM dental materials after 24 h exposure in the oral...
The aim of this research was to determine if there are differences in early bacterial adhesion among CAD/CAM dental materials after 24 h exposure in the oral environment. One hundred twenty specimens were prepared according to the manufacturer's recommendations and divided into six groups: RBC (resin-based composite), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), PEEK (polyether ether ketone), ZP (zirconia polished), ZG (zirconia glazed), and cobalt-chromium alloy (CoCr alloy). Twenty healthy participants were instructed to carry an intraoral device with six specimens, one per group, for 24 h. Thereafter, real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses enabled quantification and 2D view of biofilm formed on the specimens' surfaces. Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's post hoc analysis were used for inter-group comparison and data were presented as median (minimum-maximum). RBC specimens accumulated less bacteria, in comparison with ZG (p = 0.017) and PEEK specimens (p = 0.030), that dominated with the highest amount of adhered bacterial biofilm. PMMA, CoCr, and ZP specimens adhered more bacteria than RBC (p > 0.05), and less than ZG (p > 0.05) and PEEK (p > 0.05). The bacterial number varied considerably among participants. The obtained results enable a closer view into the susceptibility of CAD/CAM materials to microorganisms during the presence in the oral environment, which can be beneficial for a proper selection of these materials for a variety of dental restorations.
PubMed: 38705962
DOI: 10.1007/s10266-024-00944-y -
Clinical Oral Investigations May 2024To assess the long-term clinical performance of ceramic in-/onlays (CIOs) and cast gold partial crowns (CGPCs) in posterior teeth in terms of success, survival,...
OBJECTIVES
To assess the long-term clinical performance of ceramic in-/onlays (CIOs) and cast gold partial crowns (CGPCs) in posterior teeth in terms of success, survival, complications (biological, technical) and quality.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
In a retrospective study, a total of 325 patients were recorded after up to 24.8 years (mean 13.9 ± 3.8 years) having (pre-)molars restored with CIO (Empress I, Ivoclar Vivadent, n = 161) and CGPC (Degunorm, DeguDent, n = 164) by supervised undergraduate students. A total of 296 restorations were assessed clinically and radiologically in healthy and endodontically treated teeth using modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria. Cumulative success and survival rates of the restorations were calculated using Kaplan-Meier estimates. Biological and technical complications were recorded. Status of oral health comprising caries risk and localized periodontitis were assessed.
RESULTS
The cumulative success rates of CIOs were 92.1% and of CGPCs 84.2% after mean service times of 14.5 years. The annual failure rates of total service times were 0.5% in teeth restored with CIO (n = 155) and 0.7% in teeth restored with CGPC (n = 163). The cumulative survival rates of CIOs were 93.9% after a mean service time of 15.2 years and decreased to 91.7% after 23.5 years. The cumulative survival rates of CGPCs were 92.6% after a mean service time of 14.9 years and 91.8% after 23.5 years. Complications in CIOs (n = 149) were ceramic fracture (6.7%), secondary caries (4.7%), endodontic complication (2.7%) and tooth fracture (1.3%) compared to CGPCs (n = 147) with endodontic complication (8.8%), secondary caries (4.8%) and decementation (2.0%). Endodontically treated teeth restored with CIO or CGPC revealed significantly less often success compared with corresponding vital teeth (p = .02). CIOs and CGPCs revealed clinically and radiographically good and excellent qualities with 71.8% (107/149) and 68% (100/147) without any significant differences regarding type of restoration.
CONCLUSIONS
Both CIOs and CGPCs achieved high survival rates up to 24.8 years when performed by supervised undergraduate students. The longevity of the restorations may benefit from the intraoral repair of accessible defects and, in case of pulp infection or necrosis, an adequate endodontic management.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
CIOs and CGPCs made by supervised undergraduate students are proper restoration types in posterior teeth in the long-term. An adequate preparation design, meticulous care in the inserting technique and constant biofilm removal due to proper oral hygiene combined with professional maintenance care are substantial. The clinical long-term performance was mostly limited by ceramic fractures in CIOs and endodontic complications in CGPCs.
Topics: Humans; Retrospective Studies; Crowns; Dental Restoration Failure; Female; Male; Adult; Inlays; Ceramics; Gold Alloys; Dental Caries; Dental Porcelain; Middle Aged; Dental Prosthesis Design; Tooth, Nonvital; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38702521
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05682-7 -
Alternative Therapies in Health and... May 2024To investigate the impact of the restoration of non-bracket invisible orthodontic titanium alloy implant on individuals with dental malocclusion and arch deficiency...
The Impact of the Restoration of Invisible Orthodontic Titanium Alloy Implant Without Bracket on Individuals Afflicted with Dental Malocclusion and Arch Deficiency Accompanied by Periodontitis and a Local Periodontal Inflammation.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the impact of the restoration of non-bracket invisible orthodontic titanium alloy implant on individuals with dental malocclusion and arch deficiency accompanied by periodontitis and local periodontal Inflammation.
METHOD
A cohort of 120 patients presenting with dental malocclusion and defects compounded by periodontitis, were treated at our institution between January 2021 and January 2022; these patients were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial.. These patients were allocated into two groups. The control group (comprising 60 cases) underwent titanium alloy implant restoration, while the research group (also with 60 cases) received titanium alloy implant restoration following invisible orthodontic treatment without brackets. A one-year post-treatment follow-up was conducted, during which various parameters, including pain levels, aesthetic improvement, inflammatory response, dental function, oral hygiene, and the incidence of adverse events, were evaluated and compared before and after treatment between the two groups.
RESULTS
After six months of treatment, the visual analog scale (VAS) in the study group was lower than that in the control group (P < .05). After 6 months of treatment, the research team observed the changes in gingival crevicular interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleuckin-1 (IL-1), plaque index (PLI), and soft dirt index (DI) were all lower than those in the control group (P < .05). After 6 months of treatment, the research group had higher scores for tooth functions such as chewing, swallowing, speech expression, and occlusion than the control group, as well as higher pink and white aesthetics indexes (P < .05). The difference in the incidence rate of adverse outcomes between the research and control group was not distinct (P > .05).
CONCLUSION
In case of dental malocclusion accompanied by periodontal disease, the utilization of titanium implants for rectifying dental arch deformities without the use of orthodontic brackets, devoid of orthodontic brackets, has demonstrated notable efficacy in alleviating patients' periodontal discomfort, their oral hygiene, and dental functionality. This modality is conducive to augmenting dental aesthetics without incurring heightened rates of unfavorable consequences, thereby enhancing treatment outcomes.
PubMed: 38702170
DOI: No ID Found -
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces May 2024In current clinical practices related to orthopedics, dental, and cardiovascular surgeries, a number of biomaterial coatings, such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), diamond-like...
In current clinical practices related to orthopedics, dental, and cardiovascular surgeries, a number of biomaterial coatings, such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), diamond-like carbon (DLC), have been used in combination with metallic substrates (stainless steel, Ti6Al4V alloy, etc.). Although SiBCN coatings are widely explored in material science for diverse applications, their potential remains largely unexplored for biomedical applications. With this motivation, the present work reports the development of SiBCNO coatings on a Ti6Al4V substrate, employing a reactive radiofrequency (RF) magnetron sputtering technique. Three different coating compositions (SiBCNO, SiBCNO, and SiBCNO) were obtained using a SiBCN target and varying nitrogen flow rates. The hydrophilic properties of the as-synthesized coatings were rationalized in terms of an increase in the number of oxygen-containing functional groups (OH and NO) on the surface, as probed using XPS and FTIR analyses. Furthermore, the cellular monoculture of SVEC4-10 endothelial cells and L929 fibroblasts established good cytocompatibility. More importantly, the coculture system of SVEC4-10 and L929, in the absence of growth factors, demonstrated clear cellular phenotypical changes, with extensive sprouting leading to tube-like morphologies on the coating surfaces, when stimulated using a customized cell stimulator (StimuCell) with 1.15 V/cm direct current (DC) electric field strength for 1 h. In addition, the hemocompatibility assessment using human blood samples revealed clinically acceptable hemolysis, less erythrocyte adhesion, shorter plasma recalcification, and reduced risk for thrombosis on the SiBCNO coatings, when compared to uncoated Ti6Al4V. Taken together, the present study unambiguously establishes excellent cytocompatibility, hemocompatibility, and defines the preangiogenic properties of SiBCNO bioceramic coatings for potential biomedical applications.
Topics: Coated Materials, Biocompatible; Alloys; Titanium; Humans; Animals; Mice; Materials Testing; Endothelial Cells; Cell Line; Surface Properties; Fibroblasts; Neovascularization, Physiologic
PubMed: 38700914
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02416 -
Acta Odontologica Scandinavica May 2024Health complaints attributed to dental amalgam fillings comprise both intraoral and general health complaints. There are data suggesting that patients with medically...
OBJECTIVE
Health complaints attributed to dental amalgam fillings comprise both intraoral and general health complaints. There are data suggesting that patients with medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS) attributed to amalgam fillings show improvement in symptoms after removal of all amalgam fillings. However, data indicating changes of specific health complaints are limited. This study evaluated the changes of health complaints after removal of amalgam restorations in patients with health complaints attributed to dental amalgam fillings.
METHOD
Patients with MUPS attributed to dental amalgam (Amalgam cohort) had all their amalgam fillings removed. The participants indicated an intensity of 11 local and 12 general health complaints on numeric rating scales before the treatment and at follow-up after 1 and 5 years. The comparison groups comprising a group of healthy individuals and a group of patients with MUPS without symptom attribution to dental amalgam did not have their amalgam restorations removed.
RESULTS
In the Amalgam cohort, mean symptom intensity was lower for all 23 health complaints at follow-up at 1 year compared to baseline. Statistically significant changes were observed for specific health complaints with effect sizes between 0.36 and 0.68. At the 5-year follow-up, the intensity of symptoms remained consistently lower compared to before the amalgam removal. In the comparison groups, no significant changes of intensity of symptoms of health complaints were observed.
CONCLUSION
After removal of all amalgam restorations, both local and general health complaints were reduced. Since blinding of the treatment was not possible, specific and non-specific treatment effects cannot be separated.
Topics: Humans; Dental Amalgam; Norway; Female; Male; Prospective Studies; Middle Aged; Adult; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Cohort Studies
PubMed: 38699922
DOI: 10.2340/aos.v83.40260 -
Dental and Medical Problems 2024Nickel-titanium (NiTi) file separation during endodontic treatment is an undesirable event. This phenomenon needs to be understood by knowing the factors influencing... (Review)
Review
Nickel-titanium (NiTi) file separation during endodontic treatment is an undesirable event. This phenomenon needs to be understood by knowing the factors influencing fracture in endodontic files. There is a large amount of literature where these factors and their influence have been studied, increasing the knowledge about the mechanisms involved, mainly related to wire technology, file shapes and geometry, operator manipulation, the anatomy of the root canal, and the irrigation and sterilization processes. As many factors are involved, the complexity of the fracture phenomena increases and the isolated correlation of one factor with the file fracture becomes a small part of comprehending the separation phenomena. This thematic review aims to compile important reports from 2014 to 2022 on the factors influencing NiTi file separation. The information obtained was classified into wire technology, file geometry, operational aspects, irrigation and sterilization, and anatomy. For this purpose, the Scopus, Web of Science and ScienceDirect databases were consulted using a search string. Filters were applied to consolidate the final set of relevant papers covering the subject of factors influencing endodontic file separation. It was found that the fracture of NiTi files incorporates different mechanisms that operate simultaneously during the endodontic procedure and strongly affect the instrument performance. The collected information promotes good practices to prevent file separation.
Topics: Nickel; Titanium; Humans; Root Canal Preparation; Equipment Failure; Equipment Design; Sterilization; Dental Instruments
PubMed: 38686969
DOI: 10.17219/dmp/156805 -
Medicine Apr 2024This paper demonstrates a digital manufacturing technique of a removable orthodontic appliance from an intraoral scan. An intraoral scan was made for the maxillary and...
This paper demonstrates a digital manufacturing technique of a removable orthodontic appliance from an intraoral scan. An intraoral scan was made for the maxillary and mandibular arches. 3Shape Orthodontics Appliance Designer produced the virtual Hawley retainer, consisting of alloy components (Adam Clasps and Fitted Labial bow) and a base plate. The base plate design was modified to adapt to inserting the alloy components, which were combined using cold-cured acrylic. The finished Hawley retainer was assessed intraorally. The described technique emphasizes the design specifications of digitally designed and manufactured removable orthodontic appliances. A combination of additive and subtractive techniques was successfully employed to manufacture the alloy components and base plate. This novel method provides an alternative approach to manufacturing removable appliances with computer-aided design (CAD)/computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technologies. The described process offers a precursor to digital manufacturing of other developed designs of dental appliances.
Topics: Humans; Printing, Three-Dimensional; Computer-Aided Design; Orthodontic Appliance Design; Polymers; Benzophenones; Polyethylene Terephthalates; Ketones; Alloys; Orthodontic Appliances, Removable
PubMed: 38669369
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038004