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Mutagenesis Jul 1994Genotype-dependent variability in the response of several Drosophila strains to hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA) has been studied using the white/white+ (w/w+) somatic... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Genotype-dependent variability in the response of several Drosophila strains to hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA) has been studied using the white/white+ (w/w+) somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART). Among the tester strains, there were three wild-type laboratory strains (Leiden-S, Oregon-K and 91-C) and three insecticide-resistant strains (Haag-79, Hikone-R and 91-R). The response to HMPA of larvae from a cross between two wild-type strains (Leiden-S and Berlin-K) was also measured. The strains have been evaluated in terms of spontaneous frequencies of mosaic eyes, lowest effective dose and dose-response relationship. Strong variability was found among the strains, the best performance to HMPA being obtained with the strain Oregon-K. In addition, a series of pesticides structurally related to HMPA, such as dimefox, hexamethylmelamine, hexazinone, alachlor, CAM, pirimicarb, dimetilan, thiram and methabenzthiazuron have been tested with the Oregon-K strain. Some of these pesticides had already been shown to be genotoxic in other systems, whereas others have either not been tested or gave negative results in in vitro systems. Although genotoxicity was expressed only within a narrow dose range, all pesticides were genotoxic in the w/w+ system with the Oregon-K strain. Thus, these compounds may be a genotoxic hazard to man. These results suggest the suitability of the strain Oregon-K for genotoxicity testing with the w/w+ eye mosaic system, although more information about the performance of this strain with other compounds must be obtained.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Topics: ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drosophila Proteins; Drosophila melanogaster; Eye Color; Eye Proteins; Female; Genes, Insect; Hempa; Heterozygote; Insect Hormones; Insecticide Resistance; Insecticides; Male; Mosaicism; Mutagenicity Tests; Recombination, Genetic; Species Specificity; Structure-Activity Relationship
PubMed: 7968576
DOI: 10.1093/mutage/9.4.341 -
Meditsinskaia Parazitologiia I... 1983
Comparative Study
Topics: Animals; Carbamates; Diptera; Insecticides; Pheromones; Sex Attractants; USSR
PubMed: 6843498
DOI: No ID Found -
Archives of Environmental Contamination... 1980The effect of various pesticides and derivatives on mitochondrial electron transport systems was assessed. DDT, DDE, TDE, Kelthane, chlorobenzilate, chloropropylate and...
The effect of various pesticides and derivatives on mitochondrial electron transport systems was assessed. DDT, DDE, TDE, Kelthane, chlorobenzilate, chloropropylate and Acarol were found to be inhibitory towards both heavy beef heart mitochondrial (HBHM) NADH-oxidase and succinoxidase enzyme systems. Dichlorobenzophenone and p-chlorophenol were less inhibitory towards the HBHM NADH-oxidase and did not inhibit the succinoxidase enzyme system. DDA did not inhibit either of the electron transport systems. Carbaryl was not inhibitory towards both HBHM oxidase systems, whereas its degradative product dihydroxynaphthalene was inhibitory at the same concentration. Furadan, Matacil, Baygon and Dimetilan were only slightly inhibitory towards themitochondrial NADH-oxidase system and did not inhibit the succinoxidase system. Zectran was inhibitory towards the NADH-oxidase system and was not inhibitory towards the succinoxidase system. DDT, DDE and TDE, dihydroxynaphthalene and 1-naphthol inhibited the NADH-oxidase enzyme system onthe substrate side of cytochrome c, whereas Kelthane inhibited on the oxygen side.
Topics: Animals; Carbaryl; Cattle; DDT; Electron Transport; In Vitro Techniques; Mitochondria; Mitochondria, Heart; NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; Pesticides; Succinate Dehydrogenase
PubMed: 6768341
DOI: 10.1007/BF01055502 -
Archives de L'Institut Pasteur de Tunis Sep 1979The acute toxicity of some pesticides used in Tunisia is determined for the species Aphanius fasciatus (Pisces - Cyprinodontidae). Bioassays conducted at temperature... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The acute toxicity of some pesticides used in Tunisia is determined for the species Aphanius fasciatus (Pisces - Cyprinodontidae). Bioassays conducted at temperature (19-20 degrees C) and salinity (37-38%) have allowed to calculate the CL50 48 h and 96 h. The classification of these pesticides, based on the CL50 96 h, and according to their toxicity for the test species, shows that the organic phosphorus (Murphotox, Bazudin, Dursban, Zithiol, Lebaycid, Imidan, Oleoparathion, Folimat; Nuvan, Actellic, Carbicron, Nexion, Dimecron, Roxion) have all the degrees of toxicity, but the majority are among the most toxic; the carbamates (Betanal, Dimetilan, Baygon), are generally less toxic than the organic phosphorus tested, except Nexion which is less toxic than the Betanal and Roxion less toxic than the three carbamates tested; the herbicides (2,4-D, Basagran, Printan) have a very low toxicity, and are less toxic than the insecticides tested, except Betanal and Suffix of which the toxicity is higher than some insecticides (Nexion, Dimecron, Baygon, Dimetilan, Roxion); Calixin (Fongicide) is more toxic than the herbicides tested but it is generally less toxic than the insecticides used. At higher temperature (28-29 degrees C) A. fasciatus is more sensible to organic phosphorus (Dursban, Folimat) than to carbamate (Betanal). The variation change of salinity (from 37 to 6.5 %) don't modify the sensibility of the test species face to face of three pesticides: Dursban, Folimat (organic phosphorus insecticide) and Betanal (carbamate herbicide). A. fasciatus is suitable for acute and chronic bioassays.
Topics: Animals; Carbamates; Fishes; Insecticides; Lethal Dose 50; Organophosphorus Compounds; Pesticides; Salts; Temperature
PubMed: 555295
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Economic Entomology Aug 1971
Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Cattle; Dichlorvos; Female; Food Additives; Insecticides; Milk; Organophosphorus Compounds; Time Factors
PubMed: 5158347
DOI: 10.1093/jee/64.4.821 -
Journal of Economic Entomology Jun 1965
Topics: Animals; Biotransformation; Carbamates; Cockroaches; Houseflies; Inactivation, Metabolic; Insecta; Insecticides; Research
PubMed: 14293767
DOI: 10.1093/jee/58.3.403 -
Medicina Experimentalis : International... 1962
Topics: Carbamates; Humans; Insect Repellents; Insecticides
PubMed: 13916830
DOI: No ID Found