-
Zhen Ci Yan Jiu = Acupuncture Research Feb 2024To observe the effects of the local stimulation with 3 acupuncture techniques, i.e. (needle insertion method like dark tortoise detecting point) technique,... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVES
To observe the effects of the local stimulation with 3 acupuncture techniques, i.e. (needle insertion method like dark tortoise detecting point) technique, electroacupuncture (EA) and warm needling (WN) with filiform needles on shoulder pain, shoulder joint function, quality of life, inflammatory indicators and recurrence rate in the patients with chronic scapulohumeral periarthritis (CSP), so as to explore the optimal needling method of acupuncture for the predominant symptoms of CSP during the attack stage in the patients.
METHODS
A total of 108 patients with CSP were randomly divided into a manual acupuncture (MA) group (36 cases, one case dropped off), a WN group (36 cases, 3 cases dropped off) and an EA group (36 cases, 1 case dropped off). In the three groups, Jianqian (EX-UE12), Jianyu (LI15), Jianzhen (SI9), Ashi (Extra) and Yanglingquan (GB34) on the affected side were selected. needling technique, WN technique and EA were delivered in the MA group, the WN group and the EA group, respectively, 30 min each time, 3 times weekly for 4 weeks. The Neer test scores were compared;the visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to assess the degree of shoulder joint pain;the daily life activity abilities was evaluated using the activities of daily living (ADL) scale;the serum prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) content was measured using ELISA before and after treatment. The effectiveness rate and recurrence rate were calculated, and the occurrences of adverse reactions were recorded.
RESULTS
Compared with the scores before treatment, the scores of pain, joint function, and range of motion as well as the total score of Neer test were all increased after treatment in the three groups (<0.05);the VAS score, ADL score and the content of serum PGE2 were decreased (<0.05). After treatment, the pain score of Neer test in the EA group and the WN group were higher than those of the MA group (0.05), the joint function score of Neer test in the MA group and the WN group were higher than that of the EA group (<0.05), and the range of motion score of Neer test in the MA group was higher when compared with the EA and WN groups (<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the total score of Neer score among the three groups. VAS score in the EA group was lower than that of either the WN group or the MA group (<0.05). ADL score in the MA group was lower compared with that of the WN group (0.05). PGE2 levels in both the WN group and the MA group were lower than that of the EA group (<0.05). The total effective rate was 85.71% (30/35) in the MA group, 91.43% (32/35) in the EA group and 90.91% (30/33) in the WN group, there was no statistical differences among the three groups. At the end of the 6-month follow-up visit after treatment, there was no significant difference in the recurrence rate among three groups. No serious adverse reaction was found.
CONCLUSIONS
In the treatment of CSP, the short-term effect is equivalent among EA, WN and MA. But, the analgesic effect is the best in the EA group, the treatment for anti-inflammation is the most effective in the MA and WN groups, and the needling technique of in the MA group obtains the most favorable effect of releasing adhesion and recovering the range of motion in the shoulder joint.
Topics: Humans; Periarthritis; Activities of Daily Living; Dinoprostone; Quality of Life; Acupuncture Points; Acupuncture Therapy; Shoulder Pain; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38413037
DOI: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20221004 -
International Journal of Gynaecology... Feb 2024The comparison between prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and oxytocin and for induction of labor (IOL) remains controversial. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The comparison between prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and oxytocin and for induction of labor (IOL) remains controversial.
OBJECTIVE
The present study aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of these two agents in IOL.
SEARCH STRATEGY
PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov. from the establishment of the database to April 23, 2023.
SELECTION CRITERIA
A search was conducted with keywords "labor, induction, prostaglandin E2/PGE2/dinoprostone, and oxytocin". Only randomized clinical trials comparing oxytocin and vaginal dinoprostone in women who were at least late preterm (gestational age [GA] ≥34 weeks), singleton pregnant, and had intact membranes were enrolled for further meta-analysis.
DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
We conducted both a descriptive analysis and a meta-analysis. In the meta-analysis, we utilized the Mantel-Haenszel random effects model to analyze dichotomous data, employing the relative risk (RR) as the effect measure along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The study quality was evaluated using Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias assessment tool (RoB 2). A random-effects model was applied for the meta-analysis.
MAIN RESULTS
After screening 3303 articles from five databases, a total of nine randomized controlled studies composed of 1071 patients were included. Our analysis included 534 patients in the PGE2 group and 537 patients in the oxytocin group. The pooled estimate of vaginal deliveries following PGE2 induction stood at 84.2%, while after oxytocin induction, it was 79.8%. The meta-analysis showed no statistical difference between the two groups in terms of the rate of vaginal delivery (pooled RR, 1.05; 95% CI: 0.95-1.16; P value for Q, 0.001; I , 71.14%), cesarean section (pooled RR, 0.84; 95% CI: 0.52-1.35; P value for Q, 0.007; I , 61.69%) and induction-delivery interval (pooled standard mean difference, 0.09; 95% CI: -0.67 to 0.85; P value for Q, 0.000; I , 96.45%). Since the results for fetal distress and uterine hyperstimulation were consistent across all enrolled studies, no further meta-analysis was conducted.
CONCLUSIONS
When amalgamating the available literature, it implies that oxytocin was found to have similar effects as PGE2 on delivery outcomes and safety concerns in pregnant women with GA ≥36 weeks. Although the uterine cervix was unfavorable, both low and high doses of oxytocin were feasible for IOL.
PubMed: 38404054
DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15443 -
Journal of the European Academy of... Jun 2024Primary syphilis is characterized by painless ulcerative lesions in the genitalia, the aetiology of painless remains elusive.
BACKGROUND
Primary syphilis is characterized by painless ulcerative lesions in the genitalia, the aetiology of painless remains elusive.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate the role of Treponema pallidum in painless ulcer of primary syphilis, and the mechanisms underlying painless ulcers caused by T. pallidum.
METHODS
An experimental rabbit model of primary syphilis was established to investigate its effects on peripheral nerve tissues. Human skin fibroblasts were used to examine the role of T. pallidum in modulating neurotransmitters associated with pain and to explore the signalling pathways related to neurotransmitter secretion by T. pallidum in vitro.
RESULTS
Treponema pallidum infection did not directly lead to neuronal damage or interfere with the neuronal resting potential. Instead, it facilitated the secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) through endoplasmic reticulum stress in both rabbit and human skin fibroblasts, and upregulation of PGE2 induced the hyperpolarization of neurones. Moreover, the IRE1α/COX-2 signalling pathway was identified as the underlying mechanism by which T. pallidum induced the production of PGE2 in human skin fibroblasts.
CONCLUSION
Treponema pallidum promotes PGE2 secretion in skin fibroblasts, leading to the excitation of neuronal hyperpolarization and potentially contributing to the pathogenesis of painless ulcers in syphilis.
Topics: Dinoprostone; Fibroblasts; Treponema pallidum; Humans; Rabbits; Animals; Neurons; Syphilis; Skin; Male; Skin Ulcer; Cells, Cultured; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
PubMed: 38376245
DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19902 -
Journal of the Chinese Medical... Apr 2024To evaluate changes in oxidant status using thiol/disulfide homeostasis in mothers and fetuses after induction of labor with slow-release vaginal dinoprostone inserts.
BACKGROUND
To evaluate changes in oxidant status using thiol/disulfide homeostasis in mothers and fetuses after induction of labor with slow-release vaginal dinoprostone inserts.
METHODS
A total of 70 pregnant women were divided into two groups. Thirty-five women in whom labor was induced with slow-release vaginal dinoprostone inserts (10 mg of prostaglandin E2, group A) were compared before and after the administration. The other 35 women, who were followed up spontaneously during labor (group B), were included as a control group. Both groups were diagnosed with isolated oligohydramnios without signs of placental insufficiency. The thiol/disulfide homeostasis parameters were calculated before medical induction and after removal of the insert at the beginning of the active phase of labor. Maternal and cord blood values were measured in both groups.
RESULTS
Although the balance shifted to the antioxidant side after the slow-release vaginal dinoprostone insert was applied, there was no significant difference in maternal oxidative load compared to the pre-application status (5.32 ± 014/5.16 ± 0.15, p = 0.491). Despite the shift toward the antioxidant side, maternal antioxidants were still significantly lower in the group that received slow-release vaginal dinoprostone at the beginning of the active phase of labor than in the control group (295.98 ± 13.03/346.47 ± 12.04, respectively, p = 0.009). There was no statistically significant difference in terms of oxidative balance or newborn Apgar score ( p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Induction of labor with slow-release vaginal dinoprostone inserts in pregnancies with isolated oligohydramnios does not cause further oxidative stress and is safe for both mothers and neonates in terms of oxidant load by thiol/disulfide homeostasis.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Female; Pregnancy; Humans; Dinoprostone; Oxytocics; Oligohydramnios; Antioxidants; Prospective Studies; Labor, Induced; Administration, Intravaginal; Cervical Ripening; Placenta; Fetus; Oxidative Stress; Oxidants; Disulfides; Sulfhydryl Compounds
PubMed: 38376193
DOI: 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000001072 -
The Analyst Mar 2024Arachidonic acid metabolites are a family of bioactive lipids derived from membrane phospholipids. They are involved in cancer progression, but arachidonic acid...
Arachidonic acid metabolites are a family of bioactive lipids derived from membrane phospholipids. They are involved in cancer progression, but arachidonic acid metabolite profiles and their related biosynthetic pathways remain uncertain in colorectal cancer (CRC). To compare the arachidonic acid metabolite profiles between CRC patients and healthy controls, quantification was performed using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based analysis of serum and tissue samples. Metabolomics analysis delineated the distinct oxidized lipids in CRC patients and healthy controls. Prostaglandin (PGE2)-derived metabolites were increased, suggesting that the PGE2 biosynthetic pathway was upregulated in CRC. The qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry analyses showed that the expression level of PGE2 synthases, the key protein of PGE2 biosynthesis, was upregulated in CRC and positively correlated with the CD68+ macrophage density and CRC development. Our study indicates that the PGE2 biosynthetic pathway is associated with macrophage infiltration and progression of CRC tumors.
Topics: Humans; Dinoprostone; Arachidonic Acid; Metabolome; Metabolomics; Colorectal Neoplasms
PubMed: 38372525
DOI: 10.1039/d3an01723k -
American Journal of Physiology. Cell... Apr 2024Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 (SLCO2A1) is a prostaglandin (PG) transporter and serves as the osmosensitive ATP-permeable maxi-anion channel...
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 (SLCO2A1) is a prostaglandin (PG) transporter and serves as the osmosensitive ATP-permeable maxi-anion channel (Maxi-Cl). Since a heterotetrameric complex of annexin A2 (ANXA2) and S100A10 is obligatory for the channel activity, the present study aimed to determine if they regulate SLCO2A1-mediated PG transport. This study examined PGE uptake and ATP release in and/or knockout (KO) murine breast C127 cells. Deletion of decreased PGE-d4 uptake by wild-type (WT) cells in an isotonic medium (290 mosmol/kgHO). Decreased osmolarity (135 mosmol/kgHO) stimulated ATP release but did not affect PGE uptake kinetics, showing (1,280 nM) and (10.38 pmol/15 s/mg protein) similar to those in isotonic medium (1,227 nM and 10.65 pmol/15 s/mg protein), respectively, in WT cells. Deletion of associated with loss of diminished SLCO2A1-mediated ATP release and uncompetitively inhibited PGE uptake with lowered (376 nM) and (2.59 pmol/15 s/mg protein). Moreover, the immunoprecipitation assay confirmed the physical interaction of ANXA2 with SLCO2A1 in WT cells. Enforcement of ANXA2 expression to KO cells partially restored PGE uptake and increased (744.3 nM) and (9.07 pmol/15 s/mg protein), whereas the uptake clearance (/) did not change much regardless of ANXA2 expression. These results suggest that an ANXA2/S100A10 complex modulates PG transport activity but osmolality has little effect on it; therefore, the bound form of SLCO2A1, which functions as a PG transporter and Maxi-Cl, may exist regardless of changes in the cell volume. A previous study indicated that the ANXA2/S100A10 complex represents the regulatory component of SLCO2A1-mediated Maxi-Cl channel activity. The present study showed that apparent PGE uptake by C127 cells was osmoinsensitive and uncompetitively inhibited by loss of ANXA2 expression, demonstrating that ANXA2 is a regulatory factor of SLCO2A1-mediated PG transport activity.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Adenosine Triphosphate; Annexin A2; Biological Transport; Dinoprostone; Organic Anion Transporters; Prostaglandins; S100 Proteins
PubMed: 38372137
DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00701.2023 -
International Immunopharmacology Mar 2024The immune escape stage in cancer immunoediting is a pivotal feature, transitioning immune-controlled tumor dormancy to progression, and augmenting invasion and...
The immune escape stage in cancer immunoediting is a pivotal feature, transitioning immune-controlled tumor dormancy to progression, and augmenting invasion and metastasis. Tumors employ diverse mechanisms for immune escape, with generating immunosuppressive cells from skewed hematopoiesis being a crucial mechanism. This led us to suggest that tumor cells with immune escape properties produce factors that induce dysregulations in hematopoiesis. In support of this suggestion, this study found that mice bearing advanced-stage tumors exhibited dysregulated hematopoiesis characterized by the development of splenomegaly, anemia, extramedullary hematopoiesis, production of immunosuppressive mediators, and expanded medullary myelopoiesis. Further ex vivo studies exhibited that conditioned medium derived from EL4lu2 cells could mediate the expansion of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in bone marrow cell cultures. The protein array profiling results revealed the presence of elevated levels of osteopontin (OPN), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and interleukin 17 (IL-17) in the culture medium derived from EL4luc2 cells. Accordingly, substantial levels of these factors were also detected in the sera of mice bearing EL4luc2 tumors. Among these factors, only PGE2 alone could increase the number of MDSCs in the BM cell cultures. This effect of PGE2 was significantly potentiated by the presence of OPN but not IL-17. Finally, in vitro treatment of EL4luc2 cells with pioglitazone, a modulator of OPN and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) resulted in a significant reduction in cell proliferation in EL4luc2 cells. Our findings highlight the significant role played by tumor cell-derived OPN and PGE2 in fostering the expansion of medullary MDSCs and in promoting tumor cell proliferation. Furthermore, these intertwined cancer processes could be key targets for pioglitazone intervention.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Dinoprostone; Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells; Osteopontin; Pioglitazone; Tumor Escape
PubMed: 38364741
DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111584 -
Journal of the American Heart... Feb 2024Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is associated with cardiovascular mortality and kidney disease. This study hypothesizes...
BACKGROUND
Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is associated with cardiovascular mortality and kidney disease. This study hypothesizes that urinary prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and PGE2 metabolite (PGEM) excretions are markers of cardiovascular and kidney health, because they reflect both systemic and kidney-derived PGE2 production.
METHODS AND RESULTS
PGE2 and PGEM were measured in spot urine samples from 2291 participants (≥55 years old) of the population-based Rotterdam Study. Urinary PGE2 and PGEM excretions were analyzed using linear regression analyses to identify cross-sectional associations with cardiovascular risk factors and baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Longitudinal associations with cardiovascular mortality and kidney outcomes (eGFR <60 or <45 mL/min per 1.73 m and the composite outcome 40% eGFR loss or kidney failure) were assessed with Cox regression. Urinary PGE2 and PGEM excretions were higher with increasing age, lower eGFR, smoking, diabetes, and albuminuria. A 2-fold higher urinary PGE2 and PGEM excretion was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality (28 825 patient-years; 160 events; PGE2 hazard ratio [HR], 1.27, [95% CI, 1.06-1.54]; PGEM HR, 1.36 [95% CI, 1.10-1.67]). Higher PGE2 excretions were also associated with a higher risk of incident eGFR <60 mL/min per 1.73 m (31 530 person-years; 691 events; HR, 1.13 [95% CI, 1.02-1.25]) with similar HRs for the other kidney outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS
Urinary PGE2 and PGEM excretions are novel markers for the presence and progression of cardiovascular and kidney disease. Future studies should address whether these associations are causal and can be targeted to improve cardiovascular and kidney outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Middle Aged; Dinoprostone; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cross-Sectional Studies; Kidney Diseases; Kidney; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Albuminuria; Risk Factors
PubMed: 38362883
DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.123.032835 -
Chemical Biology & Drug Design Feb 2024Dry eye (DE) is a multifactorial ocular surface disease characterised by an imbalance in tear homeostasis. The pathogenesis of DE is complex and related to...
Dry eye (DE) is a multifactorial ocular surface disease characterised by an imbalance in tear homeostasis. The pathogenesis of DE is complex and related to environmental, immunological (e.g., T helper 17 cells) and other factors. However, the DE disease pathogenesis remains unclear, thereby affecting its clinical treatment. This study aimed to explore the mechanism through which prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) affects DE inflammation by regulating Th17. The DE mouse model was established through subcutaneous injection of scopolamine hydrobromide. The tear secretion test and break-up time (BUT) method were used to detect tear secretion and tear film BUT, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the concentrations of PGE2, interleukin (IL)-17, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α) in tear fluid and those of PGE2 and IL-17 in the serum. RT-qPCR and western blotting were used to test the mRNA and protein expression levels of IL-17 and retinoid-related orphan receptor-γt (RORγt). PGE2 was highly expressed in the DE mouse model. The mRNA and protein levels of IL-17 and the key Th17 transcription factor RORγt were increased in tissues of the DE mice. Moreover, PGE2 promoted tear secretion, reduced the BUT, increased the IL-17 concentration in tears and increased the Th17 cell proportion in DE, whereas the PGE2 receptor inhibitor AH6809 reversed the effects of PGE2 on tear secretion, BUT, and the Th17 cell proportion in draining lymph node (DLN) cells. Taken together, the study findings indicate that PGE2 could induce DE-related symptoms by promoting Th17 differentiation.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Th17 Cells; Dinoprostone; Interleukin-17; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3; Cell Differentiation; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Dry Eye Syndromes; RNA, Messenger
PubMed: 38361150
DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14477 -
Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators Jun 2024Prostaglandin E (PGE) and leukotriene B (LTB) are eicosanoids involved in modulation of the antiviral immune response. Recent studies have identified increased levels of...
BACKGROUND
Prostaglandin E (PGE) and leukotriene B (LTB) are eicosanoids involved in modulation of the antiviral immune response. Recent studies have identified increased levels of several eicosanoids in the plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage of patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This study investigated correlations between plasma levels of PGE and LTB and clinical severity of COVID-19.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study involved non-infected (n = 10) individuals and COVID-19 patients classified as cured (n = 13), oligosymptomatic (n = 29), severe (n = 15) or deceased (n = 11). Levels of D-dimer a, known COVID-19 severity marker, PGE and LTB were measured by ELISAs and data were analysed with respect to viral load.
RESULTS
PGE plasma levels were decreased in COVID-19 patients compared to the non-infected group. Changes in PGE and LTB levels did not correlate with any particular clinical presentations of COVID-19. However, LTB was related to decreased SARS-CoV-2 burden in patients, suggesting that only LTB is associated with control of viral load.
CONCLUSIONS
Our data indicate that PGE/LTB plasma levels are not associated with COVID-19 clinical severity. Hospitalized patients with COVID-19 are treated with corticosteroids, which may influence the observed eicosanoid imbalance. Additional analyses are required to fully understand the participation of PGE receptors in the pathophysiology of COVID-19.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; Leukotriene B4; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dinoprostone; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Viral Load; SARS-CoV-2; Aged; Adult; Severity of Illness Index; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products
PubMed: 38346573
DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2024.106820