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International Journal of Infectious... Apr 2022To differentiate diagnostic and prognostic factors from the clinical material of patients with cerebral sparganosis in central South China.
OBJECTIVE
To differentiate diagnostic and prognostic factors from the clinical material of patients with cerebral sparganosis in central South China.
METHODS
Consecutive patients with cerebral sparganosis from our hospital between 2010 and 2018 were retrospectively enrolled. The clinical manifestations, radiographic features, treatment, and outcomes of these patients were analyzed.
RESULTS
Thirty patients with cerebral sparganosis were included, and foci migration on magnetic resonance imaging was detected in 22 patients, from whom we observed 4 migration modes: interlobar migration (50.0%, 11/22); transmidline migration (27.3%, 6/22); transventricular migration (13.6%, 3/22); and cerebellum-brainstem migration (9.1%, 2/22). The percentage of good outcomes was higher in patients with live worm capture than in those without live worm capture (75.0%, 12/16 vs 33.3%, 2/6). Exposure to preoperative antiparasitic medication was associated with worm migration toward the cortical surface, which led to a higher probability of live worm capture.
CONCLUSIONS
We propose 4 modes of sparganosis migration that are correlated with worm capture and neurologic prognosis. We found that exposure to antiparasitic medication was associated with worm migration toward the cortical surface, leading to a higher probability of live worm capture. These observations suggest a novel significance for preoperative medication of cerebral sparganosis.
Topics: Antiparasitic Agents; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Sparganosis
PubMed: 35017108
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.01.005 -
The Korean Journal of Parasitology Dec 2021In this study, we intended to describe a human case of lumbosacral canal sparganosis in People's Republic of China (China). A 56-year-old man was admitted to Xiangya...
In this study, we intended to describe a human case of lumbosacral canal sparganosis in People's Republic of China (China). A 56-year-old man was admitted to Xiangya Hospital Central South University in Changsha, Hunan province, China after having an experience of perianal pain for a week. An enhancing mass, a tumor clinically suggested, was showed at the S1-S2 level of the lumbosacral spine by the examination of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with gadolinium contrast. The patient was received the laminectomy from S1 to S2, and an ivory-white living worm was detected in inferior margin of L5. In ELISA-test with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples, anti-sparganum antibodies were detected. He had a ingesting history of undercooked frog meat in his youth. By the present study, a human case of spinal sparganosis invaded in lumbosacral canal at the S1-S2 level was diagnosed in China. Although the surgical removal of larvae is known to be the best way of treatment for sparganosis, we administered the high-dosage of praziquantel, albendazole and dexamethasone to prevent the occurrence of another remain worms in this study.
Topics: Adolescent; Animals; China; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Praziquantel; Sparganosis; Sparganum
PubMed: 34974670
DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2021.59.6.635 -
The Korean Journal of Parasitology Dec 2021Human sparganosis is a food-borne parasitic disease caused by the plerocercoids of Spirometra species. Clinical diagnosis of sparganosis is crucial for effective...
Human sparganosis is a food-borne parasitic disease caused by the plerocercoids of Spirometra species. Clinical diagnosis of sparganosis is crucial for effective treatment, thus it is important to identify sensitive and specific antigens of plerocercoids. The aim of the current study was to identify and characterize the immunogenic proteins of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei plerocercoids that were recognized by patient sera. Crude soluble extract of the plerocercoids were separated using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with immunoblot and mass spectrometry analysis. Based on immunoblotting patterns and mass spectrometry results, 8 antigenic proteins were identified from the plerocercoid. Among the proteins, cysteine protease protein might be developed as an antigen for diagnosis of sparganosis.
Topics: Animals; Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; Humans; Immunoblotting; Proteomics; Sparganosis; Spirometra
PubMed: 34974668
DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2021.59.6.615 -
Parasitology International Apr 2022Even though the cetacean tapeworm Diphyllobothrium stemmacephalum occurs in both cold and warm waters, human infections and final host occurrences have been confined to...
Diphyllobothrium stemmacephalum (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) found from a harbor porpoise in northern Japan, with comments on a geographical gap with human infection cases in southern Japan.
Even though the cetacean tapeworm Diphyllobothrium stemmacephalum occurs in both cold and warm waters, human infections and final host occurrences have been confined to temperate areas in and near Japan. We recently obtained a strobila of this cestode that was excreted from a harbor porpoise accidentally caught offshore of Hokkaido of northern Japan. Genetic analysis of 28S rDNA and cox1 genes confirmed that the cestode was D. stemmacephalum. Our finding sets the northernmost record of D. stemmacephalum in the western Pacific, suggesting that the risk of human infections by this parasite in northern Japan deserves further attention.
Topics: Animals; Diphyllobothriasis; Diphyllobothrium; Humans; Japan; Male; Phocoena; Phylogeny
PubMed: 34757158
DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102487 -
Advances in Parasitology 2021The broad fish tapeworm, Dibothriocephalus latus (Diphyllobothriidea), is the most frequent causative agent of diphyllobothriosis, a fish-borne zoonosis, in Europe.... (Review)
Review
The broad fish tapeworm, Dibothriocephalus latus (Diphyllobothriidea), is the most frequent causative agent of diphyllobothriosis, a fish-borne zoonosis, in Europe. Diphyllobothriosis is characterized by the transmission of D. latus larvae to humans via the consumption of raw, marinated, smoked or inadequately cooked fish products. The most important European foci of diphyllobothriosis have been Fennoscandia, the Baltic region, the Alpine lakes region, the Danube River region, and several endemic regions in Russia. This review provides basic data on the biology, life cycle, host specificity, methods of identification of D. latus, and a detailed summary of its occurrence in intermediate and definitive hosts in Fennoscandia and the Baltic, Alpine, and Danube regions during the last 120 years (1900-2020). Deeper insight into the unique pattern of distribution of D. latus in endemic regions is provided. The numbers of records are associated with several milestones of particular time periods. The first milestone (historical), which influenced studies on D. latus in Europe, was the period during and after World War II (1941-1950). The second milestone (epidemiological) was the decade 1981-1990, when previous massive health campaigns led to a marked decline of diphyllobothriosis in Europe and less published data on D. latus. Based on recent data, the broad fish tapeworm is either absent or present at very low prevalences in Fennoscandia and the Baltic and Danube regions, but the Alpine lakes region represents a continuous ongoing circulation of the parasite in the natural environment and humans.
Topics: Animals; Cestoda; Diphyllobothriasis; Diphyllobothrium; Europe; Humans; Zoonoses
PubMed: 34696845
DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2021.08.008 -
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za... Jan 2021This case report presents the diagnosis and treatment of a case with subcutaneous sparganosis.
This case report presents the diagnosis and treatment of a case with subcutaneous sparganosis.
Topics: Humans; Sparganosis
PubMed: 34505457
DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2020175 -
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za... Aug 2021To construct a cDNA library of and immunoscreen antigen candidates for immunodiagnosis of sparganosis mansoni.
OBJECTIVE
To construct a cDNA library of and immunoscreen antigen candidates for immunodiagnosis of sparganosis mansoni.
METHODS
Total RNA was extracted from , and reversely transcribed into cDNA, which was ligated into the phage vector. These recombinant vectors were packaged to construct the SMART cDNA library of . Then, the cDNA library was immunoscreened with sera from patients with sparganosis mansoni to yield positive clones. The inserted fragments of positive clones were sequenced and subjected to homology analyses, and the structure and functions of the coding proteins were predicted.
RESULTS
The SMATR cDNA library of was successfully constructed. The titer of the cDNA library was 6.25 × 10 pfu/mL, with a recombinant efficiency of 100%, and the mean length of the inserted fragments in the library was larger than 1 100 bp. A total of 12 positive clones were obtained by immunoscreening, and were categorized into Sm-I (Sm60-1), Sm-II (Sm58-1), Sm-III (Sm20-1) and Sm-IV (Sm22-3), with 1 134, 1 063, 883 bp and 969 bp long inserted fragments. Their coding proteins were highly homologous with the antigenic polypeptide, cytoplasmic antigen, ribosomal protein S4-like protein and unnamed protein product, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
A SMART cDNA library of has been successfully constructed and 4 categories of positive clones have been identified, which provides a basis for further studies on diagnostic antigens for sparganosis mansoni.
Topics: Animals; Base Sequence; DNA, Complementary; Gene Library; Humans; Sparganosis; Sparganum
PubMed: 34505445
DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2021143 -
Infectious Diseases Now Sep 2021
A new French case of Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiensis (Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense) Teniasis due to Pacific salmon consumption: An emerging and underdiagnosed parasitosis.
Topics: Animals; Diphyllobothriasis; Diphyllobothrium; Humans; Oncorhynchus
PubMed: 34486527
DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2020.11.006 -
Epilepsy Research Oct 2021To report the clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of patients with cerebral sparganosis and concomitant epilepsy.
OBJECTIVE
To report the clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of patients with cerebral sparganosis and concomitant epilepsy.
METHODS
We retrospectively collected the clinical data of all patients with cerebral sparganosis and concomitant epilepsy who underwent lesionectomy as treatment at Xiangya Hospital, Central South University between January 2015 and August 2019. Seizure outcomes were evaluated according to the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) classification. ILAE classes 1 and 2 were defined as favorable seizure outcomes, whereas ILAE classes 3-6 were defined as unfavorable seizure outcomes.
RESULTS
Fifteen patients with cerebral sparganosis and concomitant epilepsy who underwent lesionectomy as treatment met the inclusion criteria. Live worms were surgical removed in 80 % of patients. With a mean follow-up of 2.4 ± 1.1 years, 66.7 % of patients demonstrated favorable seizure outcomes, with improvement of symptoms other than seizures. Longer seizure duration associated with unfavorable seizure outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS
Lesionectomy is an effective treatment for patients with cerebral sparganosis and concomitant epilepsy. Early surgical treatment may offer more benefits to such patients.
Topics: Epilepsy; Humans; Neurosurgical Procedures; Retrospective Studies; Seizures; Sparganosis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34455177
DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2021.106747 -
The Journal of Parasitology Jul 2021The scarce information on the helminth fauna in otariids from the Southeastern Pacific comes mainly from stranded individuals or killed for that purpose. In this study,...
GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATION OF ENTEROPARASITISM IN THE SOUTHERN SEA LION OTARIA FLAVESCENS (SHAW, 1800) OFF THE COAST OF CHILE AS EVIDENCED WITH COPROLOGICAL TESTS: IMPLICATONS FOR ZOONOTIC RISKS.
The scarce information on the helminth fauna in otariids from the Southeastern Pacific comes mainly from stranded individuals or killed for that purpose. In this study, we compared the abundance and composition of enteroparasitic assemblages of Otaria flavescens using coprological techniques. Three sampling localities from north to south spanning 2,200 km off the Chilean coast were considered (Iquique, Viña del Mar, and Talcahuano). In all, 60 fecal samples were collected, and eggs belonging to 5 taxa were found in 91.6% of the samples. They were the anisakid nematodes Contracaecum and Pseudoterranova, the cestode Adenocephalus (syn. Diphyllobothrium), the trematode Ogmogaster, and the acanthocephalan Corynosoma. Samples from southern Chile (Talcahuano) showed the highest prevalence. Adenocephalus eggs had the highest prevalence and abundance in Iquique and Talcahuano, whereas Ogmogaster was the less prevalent and abundant in all sampling localities. Corynosoma eggs had similar prevalence and abundance among sampling localities, and Pseudoterranova eggs were absent in Iquique and with median prevalence values in Viña del Mar and Talcahuano. Thus, the composition of parasite egg assemblages was different between sampling localities. These differences between sampling localities may help to explain differential records of some zoonotic parasitoses such as pseudoterranovosis and diphyllobothriosis in Peru and Chile, where consumption of raw or marinated fish (ceviche) is common. For example, the lower diversity of parasite egg assemblages in the northern Chilean coast may be due to the absence or lower abundance of first intermediate/paratenic hosts of Pseudoterranova.
Topics: Animals; Ascaridida Infections; Ascaridoidea; Chile; Feces; Female; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Ovum; Pacific Ocean; Peru; Risk Factors; Sea Lions; Zoonoses
PubMed: 34270759
DOI: 10.1645/20-155