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Cancer Diagnosis & Prognosis 2024Upper gastrointestinal obstruction is an extremely rare complication of primary ovarian cancer. We present a case of primary advanced ovarian cancer with gastroduodenal...
BACKGROUND/AIM
Upper gastrointestinal obstruction is an extremely rare complication of primary ovarian cancer. We present a case of primary advanced ovarian cancer with gastroduodenal obstruction successfully managed with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and conservative treatment.
CASE REPORT
A 60-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for advanced ovarian cancer with upper gastrointestinal obstruction. Computed tomography and endoscopy revealed severe duodenal obstruction caused by dissemination. NAC was initiated with conservative management using a nasogastric tube and total parenteral nutrition (TPN). She was able to eat and TPN was stopped after three months. Complete resection was achieved with interval debulking surgery (IDS) not involving pancreatoduodenectomy, which would have been necessary for primary debulking surgery. There were no serious postoperative complications.
CONCLUSION
NAC with conservative management can improve upper gastrointestinal obstruction in patients with primary advanced ovarian cancer. Furthermore, IDS is expected to allow complete resection, avoiding highly invasive surgeries.
PubMed: 38962539
DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10347 -
Nagoya Journal of Medical Science May 2024Until recently, the Thai national program of seasonal influenza vaccination for high-risk people has been using a walk-in service system. However, in 2020, an online... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Until recently, the Thai national program of seasonal influenza vaccination for high-risk people has been using a walk-in service system. However, in 2020, an online registration system was introduced in Bangkok to improve vaccine coverage. This study aimed to compare the coverage of influenza vaccination between the walk-in service and online registration systems. The study participants included 374,710 Thai individuals who obtained an influenza vaccination from the national program in the Bangkok health region in 2018 (n = 162,214) and in 2020 (n = 212,496). The registration systems that were examined were the walk-in service system in 2018 and the online registration system in 2020. The characteristics of vaccine recipients and the vaccine coverage in each risk group and health facility level were compared between the two systems. Coverage comparison in Bangkok between the years 2018 and 2020 showed an increase in coverage, particularly among individuals who had an influenza vaccination at health facilities of the primary level and in the elderly and obesity groups. The coverage among children was lowest among all high-risk groups. To improve coverage in Thailand, the online registration system should be introduced in all regions. Additionally, information about influenza vaccination for children should be disseminated to parents using handbooks or by word-of-mouth from healthcare workers.
Topics: Humans; Thailand; Influenza Vaccines; Male; Middle Aged; Adult; Female; Influenza, Human; Vaccination Coverage; Child; Aged; Adolescent; Young Adult; Child, Preschool; Infant; Vaccination; Online Systems
PubMed: 38962419
DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.86.2.252 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2024Lung cancer, recognized globally as a leading cause of malignancy-associated morbidity and mortality, is marked by its high prevalence and lethality, garnering extensive... (Review)
Review
Lung cancer, recognized globally as a leading cause of malignancy-associated morbidity and mortality, is marked by its high prevalence and lethality, garnering extensive attention within the medical community. Mitophagy is a critical cellular process that plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism and ensuring quality control within cells. Its relevance to lung cancer has garnered significant attention among researchers and scientists. Mitophagy's involvement in lung cancer encompasses its initiation, progression, metastatic dissemination and treatment. The regulatory landscape of mitophagy is complex, involving numerous signaling proteins and pathways that may exhibit aberrant alterations or mutations within the tumor environment. In the field of treatment, the regulation of mitophagy is considered key to determining cancer chemotherapy, radiation therapy, other treatment options, and drug resistance. Contemporary investigations are directed towards harnessing mitophagy modulators, both inhibitors and activators, in therapeutic strategies, with an emphasis on achieving specificity to minimize collateral damage to healthy cellular populations. Furthermore, molecular constituents and pathways affiliated with mitophagy, serving as potential biomarkers, offer promising avenues for enhancing diagnostic accuracy, prognostic assessment, and prediction of therapeutic responses in lung cancer. Future endeavors will also involve investigating the impact of mitophagy on the composition and function of immune cells within the tumor microenvironment, aiming to enhance our understanding of how mitophagy modulates the immune response to lung cancer. This review aims to comprehensively overview recent advancements about the role of mitophagy in the tumor genesis, progenesis and metastasis, and the impact of mitophagy on the treatment of lung cancer. We also discussed the future research direction of mitophagy in the field of lung cancer.
PubMed: 38962310
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1420643 -
Journal of Psychosocial Oncology... 2024Cancer caregivers are more likely to report clinically significant symptoms of insomnia than cancer patients and the general population, yet research has been limited...
BACKGROUND
Cancer caregivers are more likely to report clinically significant symptoms of insomnia than cancer patients and the general population, yet research has been limited regarding cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) among this population.
METHODS
To better understand cancer caregivers' engagement with and benefit from CBT-I, cancer caregivers were enrolled in a nonrandomized pilot feasibility trial of an evidence-based Internet-delivered insomnia program. Thirteen caregivers completed mixed-methods assessments prior to receiving the insomnia program and after the nine-week intervention period.
RESULTS
Compared to the five caregivers who did not complete any intervention Cores, the eight caregivers who completed at least one of the intervention Cores tended to report more sleep impairment (insomnia symptom severity; minutes of sleep onset latency and wake after sleep onset), less physical and emotional strain from caregiving, and less maladaptive sleep beliefs at the baseline assessment. These caregivers who used the program also showed large improvements in their insomnia symptoms. Caregivers' qualitative feedback about their experience with the program identified potential areas that might be modified to improve caregivers' engagement with and benefit from Internet-delivered insomnia programs.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings suggest that family cancer caregivers can use and benefit from a fully-automated Internet-delivered CBT-I program, even without caregiving-specific tailoring. Further rigorous research is needed to better understand whether and how program modifications may allow more caregivers to initiate and engage with this program.
PubMed: 38962167
DOI: 10.1097/or9.0000000000000129 -
International Cancer Conference Journal Jul 2024A combination of BRAF and MEK inhibitors is reported to be effective for gliomas with the BRAF V600E mutation; however, its efficacy in gliomas with leptomeningeal...
Successful treatment of pediatric patients with high-grade gliomas featuring leptomeningeal metastases by targeting BRAF V600E mutations with dabrafenib plus trametinib: two illustrative cases.
A combination of BRAF and MEK inhibitors is reported to be effective for gliomas with the BRAF V600E mutation; however, its efficacy in gliomas with leptomeningeal metastases (LMM) is still unknown. In this report, we describe two pediatric patients with high-grade glioma featuring the BRAF V600E mutation who were treated with dabrafenib and trametinib for LMM. Both 2 cases underwent craniotomy for primary intracranial lesions and were diagnosed as a high-grade glioma with BRAF V600E mutation; one case was consistent with anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastorocytoma, the other was epithelioid glioblastoma. They received standard treatment for the lesions but subsequently were found to have new lesions including multiple spinal dissemination. We started administering dabrafenib and trametinib. Within a few days of starting treatment, the symptoms improved dramatically and MRI performed one month after the prescription of the two drugs demonstrated remission of both brain and spinal lesions. This report shows that dabrafenib and trametinib are effective not only for recurrent lesions but also for LMM in pediatric patients.
PubMed: 38962052
DOI: 10.1007/s13691-024-00674-6 -
International Cancer Conference Journal Jul 2024Disseminated AIDS-associated Kaposi sarcoma (KS) without cutaneous lesions is rare and can present in varying ways. Diagnosis is even more challenging now when incidence...
Disseminated AIDS-associated Kaposi sarcoma (KS) without cutaneous lesions is rare and can present in varying ways. Diagnosis is even more challenging now when incidence of KS is on the decline. A high index of suspicion is required for early diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, the medical literature should be made aware of any manifestations of KS that can occur without the typical cutaneous lesions. A 23-year-old presented with worsening cervical lymphadenopathy, recurrent cough and bilateral leg swelling of a month duration. Examination revealed features of pericardial effusion, pulmonary fibrosis, necrotizing cervical lymphadenopathy and the presence of pityriasis rotunda at the periumbilical region. Patient was diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive 6 months before she presented and was placed on antiretroviral therapy. Histology confirmed AIDS-associated KS. However, patient died before commencement of chemotherapy. The clinical course of disseminated AIDS-associated KS without cutaneous lesions can be atypical and aggressive. It is important to include KS in the differential diagnosis of cases with atypical or persistence/recurrence of clinical symptoms in spite of treatment especially in HIV patients.
PubMed: 38962034
DOI: 10.1007/s13691-024-00671-9 -
Revue Medicale Suisse Jul 2024After five years of deployment, the participation rate in the Vaud colorectal cancer (CRC) screening program remains below projected targets. It was found that the...
After five years of deployment, the participation rate in the Vaud colorectal cancer (CRC) screening program remains below projected targets. It was found that the communication tools made available to the population did not provide explicit recommendations regarding how to participate. To this end, Unisanté led a project between 2022 and 2023 to increase awareness and widely disseminate tools specifically designed with the target population. The intention was to provide decision-support tools (I decide to participate) and guidance in the system (in what way) to improve participation by the population targeted by the Vaud CRC screening program. This project incorporated the principles of proportionate universalism, that is to say, adapting screening methods to the specific needs of population sub-groups, such as those in a disadvantaged socio-economic position with low or very low levels of health literacy.
Topics: Humans; Colorectal Neoplasms; Early Detection of Cancer; Mass Screening; Switzerland; Health Literacy; Awareness
PubMed: 38961781
DOI: 10.53738/REVMED.2024.20.881.1303 -
Revue Medicale Suisse Jul 2024At the intersection of health promotion and health data sharing, a normative paradigm is emerging: solidarity. This principle became evident with the European...
At the intersection of health promotion and health data sharing, a normative paradigm is emerging: solidarity. This principle became evident with the European Commission's proposal for the European Health Data Space in 2022, approved by the European Parliament in 2024, and Switzerland's DigiSanté project. This article examines health data spaces beyond traditional legal considerations, exploring the implications of increased reliance on solidarity. Highlighting public and private actors, it analyzes the use of health data for research, health surveillance, and profit. The article emphasizes the need for robust frameworks to balance data use for the common good and mitigate the risks of repression and exploitation.
Topics: Humans; Switzerland; Information Dissemination; Health Promotion; European Union
PubMed: 38961779
DOI: 10.53738/REVMED.2024.20.881.1293 -
Nature Jul 2024
Topics: Republic of Korea; Information Dissemination; Research Personnel; Research; Humans
PubMed: 38961156
DOI: 10.1038/d41586-024-02182-2 -
Revista Iberoamericana de Micologia Jul 2024Fungemia due to uncommon fungi and secondary to multiple risk factors has become an emergent health problem, particularly in oncology patients.
BACKGROUND
Fungemia due to uncommon fungi and secondary to multiple risk factors has become an emergent health problem, particularly in oncology patients.
AIMS
This study shows the following data collected during an 11-year period in a tertiary care oncologic center from patients with fungemia: demographic data, clinical characteristics, and outcome.
METHODS
A retrospective study was performed at Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, a 135-bed referral cancer center in Mexico City, from July 2012 to June 2023. All episodes of non-Candida fungemia were included.
RESULTS
Sixteen cases with uncommon fungemia were found in the database, representing 0.3% from all the blood cultures positive during the study period, and 8.5% from all the fungi isolated. The most common pathogens identified in our series were Histoplasma capsulatum, Acremonium spp., Trichosporon asahii, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eight patients had hematologic malignancies, and five had severe neutropenia. In eight cases fungemia was considered catheter-related, in four cases was classified as primary, and in the last four it was diagnosed as disseminated fungal diseases. Mortality at 30 days was 43.8%.
CONCLUSIONS
The improved diagnostic tools have led to a better diagnosis of uncommon fungal infections. More aggressive therapeutic approaches, particularly in patients with malignancies, would increase survival rates in these potentially fatal diseases.
PubMed: 38960777
DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2024.01.001