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ACS Applied Bio Materials Jun 2024Silicone rubber tissue expanders and breast implants are associated with chronic inflammation, leading to the formation of fibrous capsules. If the inflammation is left...
Silicone rubber tissue expanders and breast implants are associated with chronic inflammation, leading to the formation of fibrous capsules. If the inflammation is left untreated, the fibrous capsules can become hard and brittle and lead to formation of capsular contracture. When capsular contracture occurs, implant failure and reoperation is unavoidable. Fibrous capsule formation to medical grade silicone rubber breast implants and polyisobutylene-based electrospun fiber mats attached to silicone rubber with and without an anti-inflammatory therapeutic were compared. A linear polyisobutylene (PIB)-based thermoplastic elastomer is currently applied as a polymer coating for drug release on coronary stents to reduce restenosis. Recent work has created a drug releasing electrospun fiber mat from PIB-based materials. Important to this study, poly(alloocimene--isobutylene--alloocimene) (AIBA) was electrospun with zafirlukast (ZAF). ZAF is an anti-inflammatory drug that is able to reduce capsule formation and complications to silicone breast implants. Fiber mats are advantageous for local drug delivery because of their high porosity and surface area for drug release. The chief hypothesis was that local release of ZAF from AIBA would lower inflammatory signaling and resulting capsular formation after 90 days . Electrospun AIBA mats locally released ZAF, lowering inflammation and fibrous capsule development compared to medical grade silicone rubber. Locally and orally released ZAF led to similar results, but the former had much lower concentration that highlights local delivery's therapeutic potential. Released ZAF from AIBA fiber mats mitigated inflammation and serves as an alternative to existing clinical approaches.
PubMed: 38888242
DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00341 -
EuroIntervention : Journal of EuroPCR... Jun 2024Long-term follow-up is essential to evaluate the impact of polymer degradation in drug-eluting stents (DES). (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Long-term follow-up is essential to evaluate the impact of polymer degradation in drug-eluting stents (DES).
AIMS
We aimed to compare durable-polymer DES (DP-DES) and biodegradable-polymer DES (BP-DES) during a 3-year follow-up to evaluate the entire period of polymer resolution (before, during, and after degradation).
METHODS
The HOST REDUCE POLYTECH RCT Trial was a randomised clinical trial enrolling patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and comparing the efficacy and safety of DP-DES and BP-DES. The primary outcome was a patient-oriented composite outcome (POCO), and the key secondary outcome was a device-oriented composite outcome (DOCO).
RESULTS
A total of 3,413 ACS patients were randomised to either the DP-DES (1,713 patients) or BP-DES (1,700 patients) group. During the 3-year follow-up, the risk of the POCO was similar between the DP-DES and BP-DES groups (14.8% vs 15.4%, hazard ratio [HR] 0.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80-1.14; p=0.613). However, the risk of the DOCO was lower in the DP-DES group (6.0% vs 8.0%, HR 0.73, 95% CI: 0.57-0.95; p=0.020). In a landmark analysis, the lower risk of the DOCO for the DP-DES group was evident during the transition from the early to the late period after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (from 8 to 16 months post-PCI; 1.8% vs 3.3%, HR 0.54, 95% CI: 0.34-0.84; p=0.007), which was mainly driven by a risk reduction of target lesion revascularisation.
CONCLUSIONS
In ACS patients, DP-DES showed similar results to BP-DES regarding the POCO up to 3 years. For the DOCO, DP-DES were superior to BP-DES; this was due to the higher event rate during the period of polymer degradation.
Topics: Humans; Drug-Eluting Stents; Acute Coronary Syndrome; Male; Female; Polymers; Middle Aged; Aged; Absorbable Implants; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention; Treatment Outcome; Prosthesis Design; Time Factors
PubMed: 38887886
DOI: 10.4244/EIJ-D-23-01053 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Jun 2024Peri-implant diseases, being the most common implant-related complications, significantly impact the normal functioning and longevity of implants. Experimental models... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Peri-implant diseases, being the most common implant-related complications, significantly impact the normal functioning and longevity of implants. Experimental models play a crucial role in discovering potential therapeutic approaches and elucidating the mechanisms of disease progression in peri-implant diseases. This narrative review comprehensively examines animal models and common modeling methods employed in peri-implant disease research and innovatively summarizes the in vitro models of peri-implant diseases.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Articles published between 2015 and 2023 were retrieved from PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Embase. All studies focusing on experimental models of peri-implant diseases were included and carefully evaluated.
RESULTS
Various experimental models of peri-implantitis have different applications and advantages. The dog model is currently the most widely utilized animal model in peri-implant disease research, while rodent models have unique advantages in gene knockout and systemic disease induction. In vitro models of peri-implant diseases are also continuously evolving to meet different experimental purposes.
CONCLUSIONS
The utilization of experimental models helps simplify experiments, save time and resources, and promote advances in peri-implant disease research. Animal models have been proven valuable in the early stages of drug development, while technological advancements have brought about more predictive and relevant in vitro models.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
This review provides clear and comprehensive model selection strategies for researchers in the field of peri-implant diseases, thereby enhancing understanding of disease pathogenesis and providing possibilities for developing new treatment strategies.
Topics: Animals; Peri-Implantitis; Disease Models, Animal; Dental Implants; Humans; Dogs
PubMed: 38884808
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05755-7 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Apr 2024To compare and evaluate the clinical efficacy of "ofloxacin incorporated L-PRF" and "L-PRF alone" when used as an adjuvant to non-surgical periodontal therapy.
AIM AND OBJECTIVES
To compare and evaluate the clinical efficacy of "ofloxacin incorporated L-PRF" and "L-PRF alone" when used as an adjuvant to non-surgical periodontal therapy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A split-mouth study was conducted in 50 patients diagnosed as chronic periodontitis with pocket depth ≥6 with at least one site in each quadrant. All patients underwent scaling and root planning. Test site received with ofloxacin incorporated L-PRF and control site received L-PRF alone. Clinical parameters pocket depth (PD), plaque index (PI), and gingival bleeding index (GBI) were recorded at baseline and 1 month after scaling and root planning.
RESULTS
In total, 100 sites were treated (50 test group and 50 control group) with no uneventful healing effects. Statistically significant decreases in PD ( = .0001 for both test and control groups), PI ( = .001), GBI ( = .001 for both groups), between pre-treatment and 1 month post-treatment were noted in both test and control groups. For intergroup comparisons, there was a statistically significant difference in all clinical indices ( > .005).
CONCLUSION
Use of L-PRF with ofloxacin as an adjuvant to non-surgical periodontal therapy showed better improvements in clinical parameters.
PubMed: 38882720
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_382_23 -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2024This study evaluated the clinical benefits of adding NanoBone with split-crest technique and simultaneous implant placement covered with platelet-rich fibrin membrane in... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Tomographic assessment of bone changes in atrophic maxilla treated by split-crest technique and dental implants with platelet-rich fibrin and NanoBone versus platelet-rich fibrin alone: Randomized controlled trial.
BACKGROUND
This study evaluated the clinical benefits of adding NanoBone with split-crest technique and simultaneous implant placement covered with platelet-rich fibrin membrane in horizontally deficient maxillary ridges in terms of crestal and horizontal bone changes and patient morbidity.
METHODS
Forty patients indicated for maxillary ridge splitting and simultaneous implant placement were assigned randomly to the study groups: control group (Platelet Rich Fibrin membrane) and test group (Platelet Rich Fibrin membrane + Nanobone). The Cone Beam Computed Tomography Fusion technique was utilized to assess crestal and horizontal bone changes after five months of the surgical procedure. Patient morbidity was recorded for one week post-surgical.
RESULTS
Five months post-surgical, buccal crestal bone resorption was 1.26 ± 0.58 mm for the control group and 1.14 ± 0.63 mm for the test group. Lingual crestal bone resorption was 1.40 ± 0.66 mm for the control group and 1.47 ± 0.68 mm for the test group. Horizontal bone width gain was 1.46 ± 0.44 mm for the control group and 1.29 ± 0.73 mm for the test group. There was no significant statistical difference between study groups regarding crestal and horizontal bone changes and patient morbidity.
CONCLUSIONS
The tomographic assessment of NanoBone addition in this study resulted in no statistically significant difference between study groups regarding crestal and horizontal bone changes and patient morbidity. More randomized controlled clinical trials on gap fill comparing different bone grafting materials versus no grafting should be conducted.
GOV REGISTRATION NUMBER
NCT02836678, 13 January 2017.
Topics: Humans; Platelet-Rich Fibrin; Male; Female; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Maxilla; Middle Aged; Alveolar Bone Loss; Dental Implants; Adult; Alveolar Ridge Augmentation; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Aged; Minerals; Follow-Up Studies; Drug Combinations; Silicon Dioxide; Durapatite
PubMed: 38877464
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04420-5 -
Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &... Jun 2024Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) has been rapidly rising in the US and around the world, leading to a mandated "black-box" label on all...
INTRODUCTION
Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) has been rapidly rising in the US and around the world, leading to a mandated "black-box" label on all silicone- and saline-filled implants by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Because regulatory decisions in the US and around the world have been influenced primarily by risk estimates derived from cancer registries, it is important to determine their validity in identifying cases of ALCL.
METHOD
We reviewed all cases of ALCL submitted to the New York State Cancer Registry from a large comprehensive cancer center in New York City from 2007 to 2019. To determine the possibility of misdiagnosis or under-diagnosis of ALCL cases reported to cancer registries, we accessed the sensitivity and specificity of the ICD-O-3 codes 9714 (ALCL) and 9702 (Mature T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified [T-NOS]) to identify pathologically-proven ALCL.
RESULTS
We reviewed 2286,164 pathology reports from 47,466 unique patients with primary cancers. Twenty-eight cases of histologically-proven ALCL were identified. The sensitivity and specificity of the ICD-O-3 code 9714 (ALCL) were 82% and 100%, respectively. The sensitivity of the combined codes 9714/9702 (ALCL/T-NOS) was 96% and the specificity was 44%.
CONCLUSION
Previous epidemiological studies that influenced regulatory decisions by the FDA may have systematically underestimated the risk of ALCL by at least 20%. We encourage updated global risk estimates of breast ALCL using methods that ensure adequate case ascertainment.
PubMed: 38875872
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.05.058 -
Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine :... Jun 2024Chytridiomycosis caused by () has been documented in greater sirens () in the wild and in the pet trade. This study evaluated the use of terbinafine-impregnated...
Chytridiomycosis caused by () has been documented in greater sirens () in the wild and in the pet trade. This study evaluated the use of terbinafine-impregnated implants for chytridiomycosis prophylaxis in greater sirens exposed to . Implants were placed intracoelomically in both control (blank implant, n = 4) and treatment (24.5 mg of terbinafine implant, n = 4) groups. Sirens were exposed to zoospores via 24-h immersion bath at 1 and 2 mon postimplant placement. Blood was collected monthly for plasma terbinafine levels, and skin swabs were collected weekly for quantitative PCR. Animals with terbinafine implants had detectable concentrations of plasma terbinafine ranging from 17 to 102 ng/ml. Only one terbinafine-implanted animal had a peak concentration above the published minimum inhibitory concentration for terbinafine against zoospores (63 ng/ml); however, it is unknown how plasma terbinafine concentrations relate to concentrations in the skin. There was no difference between the two treatment groups in clinical signs or clearance rate, and no adverse effects from implants were observed. These findings indicate using intracoelomic drug implants for drug delivery in amphibians is safe; however, terbinafine efficacy in preventing chytridiomycosis in sirens remains unclear. Further investigation of the use of intracoelomic implants and identification of effective drugs and doses in other amphibian species against and other infectious diseases is warranted, as this may provide a practical method for long-term drug delivery in wildlife.
Topics: Terbinafine; Animals; Pilot Projects; Antifungal Agents; Drug Implants; Batrachochytrium; Male; Mycoses; Amphibians
PubMed: 38875202
DOI: 10.1638/2023-0010 -
Nanoscale Jul 2024Titanium-based orthopedic implants are gaining popularity in recent years due to their excellent biocompatibility, superior corrosion resistance and lightweight...
Titanium-based orthopedic implants are gaining popularity in recent years due to their excellent biocompatibility, superior corrosion resistance and lightweight properties. However, these implants often fail to perform effectively due to poor osseointegration. Nanosurface modification approaches may help to resolve this problem. In this work, TiO nanotube (NT) arrays were fabricated on commercially available pure titanium (Ti) surfaces by anodization and annealing. Then, zinc (Zn) and strontium (Sr), important for cell signaling, were doped on the NT surface by hydrothermal treatment. This very simple method of Zn and Sr doping takes less time and energy compared to other complicated techniques. Different surface characterization tools such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), static water contact angle, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and nanoindentation techniques were used to evaluate the modified surfaces. Then, adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) were cultured with the surfaces to evaluate cell adhesion, proliferation, and growth on the surfaces. After that, the cells were differentiated towards osteogenic lineage to evaluate alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteocalcin expression, and calcium phosphate mineralization. Results indicate that NT surfaces doped with Zn and Sr had significantly enhanced ADSC adhesion, proliferation, growth, and osteogenic differentiation compared to an unmodified surface, thus confirming the enhanced performance of these surfaces.
Topics: Titanium; Strontium; Nanotubes; Zinc; Osteogenesis; Cell Proliferation; Surface Properties; Cell Adhesion; Cell Differentiation; Humans; Alkaline Phosphatase; Stem Cells; Biocompatible Materials; Cells, Cultured
PubMed: 38874593
DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01123f -
Advanced Science (Weinheim,... Jun 2024This review highlights recent advancements in the synthesis, processing, properties, and applications of 2D-material integrated hydrogels, with a focus on their... (Review)
Review
This review highlights recent advancements in the synthesis, processing, properties, and applications of 2D-material integrated hydrogels, with a focus on their performance in bone-related applications. Various synthesis methods and types of 2D nanomaterials, including graphene, graphene oxide, transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, and MXene are discussed, along with strategies for their incorporation into hydrogel matrices. These composite hydrogels exhibit tunable mechanical properties, high surface area, strong near-infrared (NIR) photon absorption and controlled release capabilities, making them suitable for a range of regeneration and therapeutic applications. In cancer therapy, 2D-material-based hydrogels show promise for photothermal and photodynamic therapies, and drug delivery (chemotherapy). The photothermal properties of these materials enable selective tumor ablation upon NIR irradiation, while their high drug-loading capacity facilitates targeted and controlled release of chemotherapeutic agents. Additionally, 2D-materials -infused hydrogels exhibit potent antibacterial activity, making them effective against multidrug-resistant infections and disruption of biofilm generated on implant surface. Moreover, their synergistic therapy approach combines multiple treatment modalities such as photothermal, chemo, and immunotherapy to enhance therapeutic outcomes. In bio-imaging, these materials serve as versatile contrast agents and imaging probes, enabling their real-time monitoring during tumor imaging. Furthermore, in bone regeneration, most 2D-materials incorporated hydrogels promote osteogenesis and tissue regeneration, offering potential solutions for bone defects repair. Overall, the integration of 2D materials into hydrogels presents a promising platform for developing multifunctional theragenerative biomaterials.
PubMed: 38874422
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403204 -
Current Opinion in Ophthalmology Jun 2024This review highlights treatment options, both under investigation and currently available, for the treatment of dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). An update on...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
This review highlights treatment options, both under investigation and currently available, for the treatment of dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). An update on current clinical studies for dry AMD has been summarized.
RECENT FINDINGS
Advanced dry AMD, characterized by geographic atrophy (GA), is a leading cause of blindness in the developed world, though prior to 2023 there was no approved treatment. There are now two approved treatments in the United States for GA. Additionally, there are several studies and trials to investigate therapeutic potential and effects of therapies for earlier intervention in dry AMD. Approaches to therapy include inhibiting the complement system, utilizing gene therapy, stem cell therapy, laser therapy, and surgical implants.
SUMMARY
While there has been notable prior advancement in the treatment for neovascular or wet AMD, for the first time there are Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved treatments for GA. Clinical studies have shown promise for additional methods for managing dry AMD both medically and surgically.
PubMed: 38869976
DOI: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000001064