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AMB Express Jun 2024α-Amylase plays a crucial role in the industrial degradation of starch. The genus Jeotgalibacillus of the underexplored marine bacteria family Caryophanaceae has not...
α-Amylase plays a crucial role in the industrial degradation of starch. The genus Jeotgalibacillus of the underexplored marine bacteria family Caryophanaceae has not been investigated in terms of α-amylase production. Herein, we report the comprehensive analysis of an α-amylase (AmyJM) from Jeotgalibacillus malaysiensis D5 (= DSM28777 = KCTC33550). Protein phylogenetic analysis indicated that AmyJM belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 13 subfamily 5 (GH13_5) and exhibits low sequence identity with known α-amylases, with its closest counterpart being the GH13_5 α-amylase from Bacillus sp. KSM-K38 (51.05% identity). Purified AmyJM (molecular mass of 70 kDa) is stable at a pH range of 5.5-9.0 and optimally active at pH 7.5. The optimum temperature for AmyJM is 40 °C, where the enzyme is reasonably stable at this temperature. Similar to other α-amylases, the presence of CaCl enhanced both the activity and stability of AmyJM. AmyJM exhibited activity toward raw and gelatinized forms of starches and related α-glucans, generating a mixture of reducing sugars, such as glucose, maltose, maltotriose, maltotetraose, and maltopentaose. In raw starch hydrolysis, AmyJM exhibited its highest efficiency (51.10% degradation) in hydrolyzing raw wheat starch after 3-h incubation at 40 °C. Under the same conditions, AmyJM also hydrolyzed tapioca, sago, potato, rice, and corn raw starches, yielding 16.01-30.05%. These findings highlight the potential of AmyJM as a biocatalyst for the saccharification of raw starches, particularly those derived from wheat.
PubMed: 38874807
DOI: 10.1186/s13568-024-01722-3 -
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek May 2024A Gram-stain positive, aerobic, alkalitolerant and halotolerant bacterium, designated HH7-29, was isolated from the confluence of the Fenhe River and the Yellow River in...
A Gram-stain positive, aerobic, alkalitolerant and halotolerant bacterium, designated HH7-29, was isolated from the confluence of the Fenhe River and the Yellow River in Shanxi Province, PR China. Growth occurred at pH 6.0-12.0 (optimum, pH 8.0-8.5) and 15-40℃ (optimum, 32℃) with 0.5-24% NaCl (optimum, 2-9%). The predominant fatty acids (> 10.0%) were iso-C and anteiso-C. The major menaquinones were MK-7 and MK-8. The polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and two unidentified phospholipids. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain HH7-29 was a member of the genus Jeotgalibacillus, exhibiting high sequence similarity to the 16S rRNA gene sequences of Jeotgalibacillus alkaliphilus JC303 (98.4%), Jeotgalibacillus salarius ASL-1 (98.1%) and Jeotgalibacillus alimentarius YKJ-13 (98.1%). The genomic DNA G + C content was 43.0%. Gene annotation showed that strain HH7-29 had lower protein isoelectric points (pIs) and possessed genes related to ion transport and organic osmoprotectant uptake, implying its potential tolerance to salt and alkali. The average nucleotide identity, digital DNA-DNA hybridization values, amino acid identity values, and percentage of conserved proteins values between strain HH7-29 and its related species were 71.1-83.8%, 19.5-27.4%, 66.5-88.4% and 59.8-76.6%, respectively. Based on the analyses of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, phylogenetic and genomic features, strain HH7-29 represents a novel species of the genus Jeotgalibacillus, for which the name Jeotgalibacillus haloalkalitolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HH7-29 (= KCTC 43417 = MCCC 1K07541).
Topics: Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; China; Rivers; DNA, Bacterial; Base Composition; Fatty Acids; Sodium Chloride; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Phospholipids; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Nucleic Acid Hybridization
PubMed: 38691182
DOI: 10.1007/s10482-024-01968-8 -
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek Jun 2022A Gram-stain-positive, orange-pigmented, rod-shaped and flagellated bacterial strain T12 was isolated from wetland soil in Kunyu Mountain Wetland in Yantai, China. The...
A Gram-stain-positive, orange-pigmented, rod-shaped and flagellated bacterial strain T12 was isolated from wetland soil in Kunyu Mountain Wetland in Yantai, China. The strain was able to grow at 15-40 °C (optimum 37 °C), at 0.0-9.0% NaCl (optimum 2%, w/v) and at pH 5.5-9.0 (optimum 8.5). A phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain T12 is a member of the family Planococcaceae, sharing 97.6% and 97.1% sequence similarity with the type strains of Jeotgalibacillus salarius and Jeotgalibacillus marinus, respectively. Genome-based analyses revealed a genome size of 3,506,682 bp and a DNA G + C content of 43.7%. Besides, the genome sequence led to 55.0-74.6% average amino acid identity values and 67.8-74.7% average nucleotide identity values between strain T12 and the current closest relatives. Digital DNA-DNA hybridization of strain T12 with the type strains of Jeotgalibacillus proteolyticus and J. marinus demonstrated 19.0% and 20.3% relatedness, respectively. The chemotaxonomic analysis showed that the sole quinone was MK-7. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C, anteiso-C, Cω7c alcohol and iso-C. The polar lipids consisted of an unidentified aminolipid, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and two unidentified phospholipids. Based on the polyphasic characterization, strain T12 is considered to represent a novel species, for which the name Jeotgalibacillus aurantiacus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is T12 (= KCTC 43296 = MCCC 1K07171).
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Carotenoids; China; Citrus sinensis; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Multigene Family; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Planococcaceae; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil; Wetlands
PubMed: 35396624
DOI: 10.1007/s10482-022-01731-x -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2022Mangrove forests are dynamic and productive ecosystems rich in microbial diversity; it has been estimated that microbial cells in the mangrove sediments constitute up to...
Insights Into the Cultivable Bacterial Fraction of Sediments From the Red Sea Mangroves and Physiological, Chemotaxonomic, and Genomic Characterization of gen. nov., sp. nov., a Novel Member of the Family.
Mangrove forests are dynamic and productive ecosystems rich in microbial diversity; it has been estimated that microbial cells in the mangrove sediments constitute up to 91% of the total living biomass of these ecosystems. Despite in this ecosystem many of the ecological functions and services are supported and/or carried out by microorganisms (e.g., nutrient cycling and eukaryotic-host adaptation), their diversity and function are overlooked and poorly explored, especially for the oligotrophic mangrove of the Red Sea coast. Here, we investigated the cultivable fraction of bacteria associated with the sediments of Saudi Arabian Red Sea mangrove forest by applying the diffusion-chamber-based approach in combination with oligotrophic medium and long incubation time to allow the growth of bacteria in their natural environment. Cultivation resulted in the isolation of numerous representatives of ( = 51) and ( = 38), along with several less abundant and poorly study taxa ( = 25) distributed across ten genera. Within the latest group, we isolated R1DC41, a novel member of the family in the Firmicutes phylum. It showed 16S rRNA gene similarity of 94.59-97.36% with closest relatives of (which was formerly in the genus), , , and genera. Based on the multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA), R1DC41 strain formed a separated branch from the listed genera, representing a novel species of a new genus for which the name gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. Genomic, morphological, and physiological characterizations revealed that R1DC41 is an aerobic, Gram-stain-variable, rod-shaped, non-motile, endospore-forming bacterium. A reduced genome and the presence of numerous transporters used to import the components necessary for its growth and resistance to the stresses imposed by the oligotrophic and salty mangrove sediments make R1DC41 extremely adapted to its environment of origin and to the competitive conditions present within.
PubMed: 35250919
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.777986 -
Microorganisms Jun 2021Ferromanganese nodules are an important mineral resource in the seafloor; however, the genetic mechanism is still unknown. The biomineralization of microorganisms...
Ferromanganese nodules are an important mineral resource in the seafloor; however, the genetic mechanism is still unknown. The biomineralization of microorganisms appears to promote ferromanganese nodule formation. To investigate the possible mechanism of microbial-ferromanganese nodule interaction, to test the possibility of marine microorganisms as deposition template for ferromanganese nodules minerals, the interactions between strain CW126-A03 and ferromanganese nodules were studied. The results showed that strain CW126-A03 increased ion concentrations of Fe, Mn, and other metal elements in solutions at first. Then, metal ions were accumulated on the cells' surface and formed ultra-micro sized mineral particles, even crystalline minerals. Strain CW126-A03 appeared to release major elements in ferromanganese nodules, and the cell surface may be a nucleation site for mineral precipitation. This finding highlights the potentially important role of biologically induced mineralization (BIM) in ferromanganese nodule formation. This BIM hypothesis provides another perspective for understanding ferromanganese nodules' genetic mechanism, indicating the potential of microorganisms in nodule formation.
PubMed: 34201233
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061247 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Oct 2019Here, we report 10 bacterial strains isolated from an abandoned coal mine in southeast Kansas to determine their potential for bioremediation through comparison of the...
Here, we report 10 bacterial strains isolated from an abandoned coal mine in southeast Kansas to determine their potential for bioremediation through comparison of the genome sizes and distribution patterns of unique metabolic genes. The selected strains belong to the genera , , , , , , , , and .
PubMed: 31624170
DOI: 10.1128/MRA.01001-19 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Dec 2018A Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped bacterial strain, 22-7, was isolated from ocean sediment of Laizhou Bay, China, and was characterized by using a polyphasic approach....
A Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped bacterial strain, 22-7, was isolated from ocean sediment of Laizhou Bay, China, and was characterized by using a polyphasic approach. Optimal growth was observed at 33 °C on a 2216E agar plate of pH 7.5 and with 2 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences identified it as a member of the genus Jeotgalibacillus, most similar to Jeotgalibacillus campisalis SF-57 (98.7 % similarity), Jeotgalibacillus marinus DSM 1297 (98.2 %) and Jeotgalibacillus soli P9 (97.1 %). Average nucleotide identity values and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values were less than 74.2 and 18.1 %, respectively, between strain 22-7 and the type strains of closely related species. The major polar lipids were aminophospholipid, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol; the major fatty acids (>10 %) were anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0; and the major menaquinone was MK-7. The peptidoglycan type of the cell wall was A1α linked through l-lysine as the diamino acid. Combined data from phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic characterizations demonstrated that strain 22-7 represents a novel Jeotgalibacillus species, for which the name Jeotgalibacillus proteolyticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 22-7(=MCCC 1H00228=KCTC 33930).
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; Cell Wall; China; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Geologic Sediments; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Peptide Hydrolases; Peptidoglycan; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Planococcaceae; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Seawater; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Vitamin K 2
PubMed: 30328805
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003060 -
International Journal of Biological... Aug 2018Beta-glucosidase (BGL) is an important industrial enzyme for food, waste and biofuel processing. Jeotgalibacillus is an understudied halophilic genus, and no...
Beta-glucosidase (BGL) is an important industrial enzyme for food, waste and biofuel processing. Jeotgalibacillus is an understudied halophilic genus, and no beta-glucosidase from this genus has been reported. A novel beta-glucosidase gene (1344 bp) from J. malaysiensis DSM 28777 was cloned and expressed in E. coli. The recombinant protein, referred to as BglD5, consists of a total 447 amino acids. BglD5 purified using a Ni-NTA column has an apparent molecular mass of 52 kDa. It achieved the highest activity at pH 7 and 65 °C. The activity and stability were increased when CaCl was supplemented to the enzyme. The enzyme efficiently hydrolyzed salicin and (1 → 4)-beta-glycosidic linkages such as in cellobiose, cellotriose, cellotetraose, cellopentose, and cellohexanose. Similar to many BGLs, BglD5 was not active towards polysaccharides such as Avicel, carboxymethyl cellulose, Sigmacell cellulose 101, alpha-cellulose and xylan. When BglD5 blended with Cellic® Ctec2, the total sugars saccharified from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) was enhanced by 4.5%. Based on sequence signatures and tree analyses, BglD5 belongs to the Glycoside Hydrolase family 1. This enzyme is a novel beta-glucosidase attributable to its relatively low sequence similarity with currently known beta-glucosidases, where the closest characterized enzyme is the DT-Bgl from Anoxybacillus sp. DT3-1.
Topics: Biotechnology; Cellobiose; Cloning, Molecular; Computational Biology; Kinetics; Molecular Weight; Planococcaceae; Substrate Specificity; beta-Glucosidase
PubMed: 29723622
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.156 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Dec 2016A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium (strain JC303T) isolated from a salt pan was identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis as a member of...
Description of Jeotgalibacillus alkaliphilus sp. nov., isolated from a solar salt pan, and Jeotgalibacillus terrae sp. nov., a name to replace 'Jeotgalibacillus soli' Chen et al. 2010.
A Gram-stain-positive, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium (strain JC303T) isolated from a salt pan was identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis as a member of the genus Jeotgalibacillus. It was related most closely to Jeotgalibacillus salarius ASL-1T (99.1 % similarity), Jeotgalibacillusalimentarius YKJ-13T (97.9 %), Jeotgalibacillussoli JSM 081008 (97.9 %), Jeotgalibacillusmalaysiensis D5T (97.8 %), Jeotgalibacillusmarinus DSM 1297T (96.3 %), Jeotgalibacilluscampisalis SF-57T (96.1 %) and J. soli P9T (94.9 %). Genomic relatedness based on DNA-DNA hybridization of strain JC303T with the type strains of the closest related species was less than 40 %. Diphosphatidylglycerol, three aminophospholipids, an unidentified aminoglycolipid, two unidentified phospholipids and an unidentified lipid were the polar lipids of strain JC303T. Major (>10 %) fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C14 : 0. Cell-wall amino acids contained peptidoglycan with l-lysine as the diagnostic diamino acid. Strain JC303T contained MK-7 as the predominant (96 %) menaquinone with the presence of a significant amount (4 %) of MK-8. The DNA G+C content was 43 mol%. On the basis of morphological, physiological, genotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic analyses, strain JC303T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Jeotgalibacillus, for which the name Jeotgalibacillus alkaliphilus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JC303T (=KCTC 33662T=LMG 28756T). In addition, we propose to rename J. soli (Chen et al., 2010), an illegitimate homonym of the validly published name Jeotgalibacillus soli(Cunha et al., 2012) as Jeotgalibacillus terrae sp. nov. with type strain JSM 081008T (=DSM 22174T=KCTC 13528T).
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; India; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Peptidoglycan; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Planococcaceae; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Salinity; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sodium Chloride; Vitamin K 2
PubMed: 27667642
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001491 -
Scientific Reports Sep 2016Jeotgalibacillus malaysiensis, a moderate halophilic bacterium isolated from a pelagic area, can endure higher concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) than other...
Jeotgalibacillus malaysiensis, a moderate halophilic bacterium isolated from a pelagic area, can endure higher concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl) than other Jeotgalibacillus type strains. In this study, we therefore chose to sequence and assemble the entire J. malaysiensis genome. This is the first report to provide a detailed analysis of the genomic features of J. malaysiensis, and to perform genetic comparisons between this microorganism and other halophiles. J. malaysiensis encodes a native megaplasmid (pJeoMA), which is greater than 600 kilobases in size, that is absent from other sequenced species of Jeotgalibacillus. Subsequently, RNA-Seq-based transcriptome analysis was utilised to examine adaptations of J. malaysiensis to osmotic stress. Specifically, the eggNOG (evolutionary genealogy of genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes) databases were used to elucidate the overall effects of osmotic stress on the organism. Generally, saline stress significantly affected carbohydrate, energy, and amino acid metabolism, as well as fatty acid biosynthesis. Our findings also indicate that J. malaysiensis adopted a combination of approaches, including the uptake or synthesis of osmoprotectants, for surviving salt stress. Among these, proline synthesis appeared to be the preferred method for withstanding prolonged osmotic stress in J. malaysiensis.
Topics: Adaptation, Biological; Cluster Analysis; Genome, Bacterial; Genomics; Ion Channels; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Models, Biological; Osmotic Pressure; Phylogeny; Planococcaceae; Plasmids; Stress, Physiological; Transcriptome
PubMed: 27641516
DOI: 10.1038/srep33660