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Journal of Oral Rehabilitation May 2024Research on temporomandibular disorder (TMD) responsiveness is scarce and limited regarding patients' representativeness.
BACKGROUND
Research on temporomandibular disorder (TMD) responsiveness is scarce and limited regarding patients' representativeness.
OBJECTIVE(S)
This study aimed to estimate minimum clinically important difference (MCID) and substantial clinical benefit (SCB) among a large and diverse patient population regarding sex and age.
METHODS
In this study, 162 patients participated from five hospitals. MCID and SCB in pain, functional disability and quality of life were examined with anchor-based methods. Patients' global impression of change was used as the anchor. Area under the curve (AUC) values were determined for testing accuracy. Changes from baseline and coefficient of variation by responsiveness status were calculated to explain the results of accuracy.
RESULTS
SCB was estimated to be 2.18 for the numeric rating scale (NRS) for pain (AUC: 0.80 [95% CI: 0.72-0.88]) in all patients and 2.50 in women (AUC: 0.81 [95% CI: 0.71-0.89]). The estimated SCB of NRS for discomfort (1.50) and Jaw Functional Limitation Scale for mastication (1.35) had wide CIs for AUCs. Likewise, the estimated MCIDs of NRS for pain (0.80) and NRS for discomfort (1.50) had wide CIs for AUCs. Among non-responders who did not achieve the MCID of NRS for pain, the coefficient of variation was very high for all outcomes other than the NRS for pain.
CONCLUSION
This study investigated the responsiveness of patients with TMD using a large and diverse patient sample. SCB in pain decrease can be used to assess the responsiveness of patients with TMD. Composite outcomes should be developed to estimate MCID.
PubMed: 38706163
DOI: 10.1111/joor.13717 -
PloS One 2024Oral cancer (OC) is the most common cancer in Pakistani males and the second most common in females. Major risk factors include peculiar chewing habits, human...
Oral cancer (OC) is the most common cancer in Pakistani males and the second most common in females. Major risk factors include peculiar chewing habits, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and molecular pathways. However, less data is available for this avertible cancer regarding its association with high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) and chewing habits in this region. Therefore, this study was done to determine the prevalence of HR-HPV in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its correlation with p16 and chewing habits. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) biopsy specimens of 186 samples were tested for HR-HPV type 16/18 by PCR, followed by p16 immunostaining (IHC) in a subset of cases (n = 50). Appropriate statistical tests were applied to find the association between HR-HPV/p16 and peculiar chewing habits with significance criteria of p<0.05 with 95% CI. HR-HPV (type 16 &18) was present in seven out of 186 cases (3.8%). Of these seven cases, five were positive for HPV16, whereas two were positive for HPV16/18. The overall expression of p16 protein in 50 samples was 38% (n = 19), and among these 19-IHC positive samples, 26% were positive for HR-HPV DNA. No significant association was found between HR-HPV positivity and p16 and chewing habits (p>0.05). It was concluded that HR-HPV prevalence in OSCC was very low in our population, with no statistically significant correlation with p16 and chewing habits. These results suggest the role of HR-HPV as an independent risk factor in OSCC in the local setting.
Topics: Humans; Mouth Neoplasms; Male; Female; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Papillomavirus Infections; Adult; Human papillomavirus 16; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; Risk Factors; Aged; Human papillomavirus 18; Mastication; Pakistan; Human Papillomavirus Viruses
PubMed: 38691559
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300354 -
The Saudi Dental Journal Apr 2024The study aimed to assess and compare both the chewing efficiency and the contact area between class I and class II of Angle's malocclusions.
OBJECTIVE
The study aimed to assess and compare both the chewing efficiency and the contact area between class I and class II of Angle's malocclusions.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A total of 120 individuals aged between 19 and 30 years were examined and were divided into two groups according to Angle's class (Class I and class II). The chewing efficiency was quantified using the ViewGum software and two-colored chewing gum. The contact area was quantified using modeling wax and MATLAB software. All data were collected, then, analyzed using SPSS software 21. Data normality was checked through kurtosis test. Descriptive results were calculated. Matched sample t-tests were used to compare chewing efficiency measurements between right and left sides. Independent t-tests were used to compare chewing efficiency and the contact area between class I and class II of Angle's malocclusions. Linear regression and Pearson correlation were used to assess the correlation between chewing efficiency and the contact area. The significance level was fixed at p = 0.05.
RESULTS
For group 1, the mean hue value on both sides was 0.086 ± 0.058. For group 2, it was 0.095 ± 0.055. The difference between both groups was statistically significant (p = 0.03). For group 1, the mean contact area was 49.91 ± 21.47 mm. For group 2, it was 51.42 ± 19.76 mm. The difference was statistically not significant (p = 0.4). The correlation between the contact area and the chewing efficiency in both groups was statistically significant and it was negative (in class I p = 0 and R = -0.616; in class II p = 0.01 and R = -0.408).
CONCLUSION
The Chewing is better for patients with Angle's Class I malocclusion. The contact area is higher. Larger occlusal contact area leads to higher masticatory efficiency. Further studies should be conducted.
PubMed: 38690385
DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.12.016 -
Journal of Prosthodontics : Official... Apr 2024Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that results in patients exhibiting uncontrolled movements, changes in saliva production, and difficulty in swallowing...
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that results in patients exhibiting uncontrolled movements, changes in saliva production, and difficulty in swallowing and speech. Understanding the staging of the disease and the available therapies allows dentists to treat these patients safely and with compassion to meet their oral health care needs for an optimal quality of life. This appraisal discusses Parkinson's disease as it relates to clinically relevant facts to manage and treat the oral health care needs of these patients in the short and long term including general dental care recommendations. Important observations related to Parkinson's disease include disease causation,; stages, pharmacologic treatment, the effects on saliva, mastication, dysphagia, and aspiration pneumonia. Dental recommendations are made for the dentate, the partially edentulous, and the completely edentulous Parkinson's patients with a focus on late-stage concerns. Optimizing dental health will help maintain the quality of life as the disease progresses. In late stages of Parkinson's disease, dental treatment should focus on keeping the patient comfortable and out of pain. While benign neglect is an often-used term, compassionate therapy in the late stages of Parkinson's disease is a more compelling term for defining the patient's needs. Since dysphagia in Parkinson's patients has been underdiagnosed, neurologists must be aware of the important part that dentists play in the early diagnosis for these patients. Early referral to a dentist is vital to mitigate the unfortunate consequence of the need for extensive dental care in late-stage patients.
PubMed: 38689457
DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13862 -
Cureus Mar 2024Dental implants enhance the self-assurance and overall well-being of individuals by providing oral comfort during mastication and a notable degree of contentment. The...
INTRODUCTION
Dental implants enhance the self-assurance and overall well-being of individuals by providing oral comfort during mastication and a notable degree of contentment. The objectives of the present study were to assess patients' perception of opting or non-opting for dental implants as a replacement for missing teeth and to determine the correlation between various factors and perceived demand for dental implant treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 214 partially edentulous individuals aged between 21 and 50 years. These patients sought treatment to replace their missing teeth. The participants were provided with detailed information regarding various options for replacing their missing teeth, including removable prostheses, fixed partial dentures, and dental implants. The researchers recorded and evaluated the reasons behind the patients' decision to opt for or decline dental implant treatment using the chi-squared test. Categorical variables were summarized as percentages (n %). The association between variables and binary data was examined using point biserial correlation, whereas, for continuous data, the Pearson correlation coefficient was employed.
RESULTS
About 65 (30.4%) patients opted for dental implant treatment and 149 (69.6%) patients did not opt for dental implant treatment. Missing teeth were found in 120 women (56.08%) and 94 men (43.92%). The main reason for seeking dental implant treatment was the need for improvement in functions such as chewing in 65 (100%) patients, followed by the need for improvement in oral health in 57 (88%), aesthetics in 54 (83%), need for bone and adjacent teeth preservation in 52 (80%), and durability of dental implants in 46 (71%) patients. The main reasons for not seeking dental implant treatment and opting for fixed prostheses other than dental implants or removable prostheses cost 149 (100%), fear of surgery 132 (91%), underlying health issues 121 (81%), lack of knowledge about dental implants 120 (80.5%), and time management issues 92 (62%). Gender, age, and number of missing teeth showed a negative correlation, whereas level of education, social status, and oral health awareness showed a positive correlation with the perceived need for dental implant treatment.
CONCLUSION
Dental implant treatment was preferred by 30.4% of patients, which was influenced by gender, sex, level of education, social status, awareness of oral health, and number of missing teeth. Cost, fear of surgery, underlying medical conditions, lack of knowledge, and time management are some reasons for not opting for dental implant treatment.
PubMed: 38686275
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57232 -
Journal of Oral Rehabilitation Apr 2024This prospective study is part of a randomised clinical trial and reports the changes in masticatory performance (MP) and bite force, and explores their influential...
Changes in masticatory performance and bite force after treatment with mandibular overdentures retained by four titanium-zirconium mini implants: One-year randomised clinical trial.
OBJECTIVE
This prospective study is part of a randomised clinical trial and reports the changes in masticatory performance (MP) and bite force, and explores their influential factors, 1 year after the provision of mandibular overdentures retained by four titanium-zirconium mini implants.
METHODS
Edentulous patients received conventional complete dentures, followed by placement of four mini implants (Straumann® Mini Implant System) in the anterior mandible and converting the conventional prosthesis into a mandibular overdenture. Treatment protocols were randomised using a 2×2 factorial design combining different surgical (flapped vs. flapless) and loading (immediate vs. delayed) protocols. MP was assessed using a two-colour mixing ability test and a colorimetric analysis to measure the level of colour mixing (Variance of Hue-VoH). Maximum voluntary bite force (MBF) was measured by a digital gnathodynamometer in the posterior and anterior regions. Sex, age, surgical and loading protocols and ridge morphology were tested as independent variables. MP and MBF tests were performed at baseline (pre-treatment) and the 3-, 6- and 12-month after implant loading. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and linear mixed-effect model (LMM) regression were used for data analysis.
RESULTS
Seventy-four participants were assessed and 73 completed the 1-year follow-up. Statistically significant improvements in functional parameters were observed in all follow-up periods compared to baseline (p < .001). The flapless protocol was associated with higher improvement in MP at the 3-month follow-up (p = .004), while less resorbed ridges were associated with better MP (p = .038) and higher MBF (p < .001).
CONCLUSION
The mandibular overdenture protocol using four titanium-zirconium mini implants was effective in improving MP and MBF of edentulous patients, compared to pre-treatment values. The findings also suggest that improvements in chewing function and bite force are impacted by clinical factors since better outcomes were observed for flapless surgeries and less resorbed edentulous ridges.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.Gov ID NCT04760457.
PubMed: 38685704
DOI: 10.1111/joor.13722 -
Behavioural Processes May 2024In this short communication, we describe chewing behaviour in sows with no apparent edible substrate in their mouth as a potential social behaviour. Chewing in sows...
In this short communication, we describe chewing behaviour in sows with no apparent edible substrate in their mouth as a potential social behaviour. Chewing in sows during interaction with unfamiliar sows was unexpectedly observed in a study assessing social abilities and damaging behaviours in group-housed dry sows. Such chewing was observed frequently and performed by almost all sows. To our knowledge, this behaviour has not been described previously in a social context in pigs, but rather as an oral stereotypic behaviour related to chronic hunger. We describe the behaviour in its social context and speculate on reasons for its occurrence in that context.
Topics: Animals; Female; Mastication; Swine; Social Behavior; Behavior, Animal
PubMed: 38679342
DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2024.105042 -
International Journal of Surgery Case... Jun 2024Aliments such as congenital conditions, pathological, and iatrogenic circumstances may result in mandibular defects that can severely disturb the patients' oral health,...
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE
Aliments such as congenital conditions, pathological, and iatrogenic circumstances may result in mandibular defects that can severely disturb the patients' oral health, functions (mastication, speech), aesthetics, and quality of life and present a rehabilitating challenge.
CASE PRESENTATION
we present a multidisciplinary treatment approach for three cases presented with mandibular resection as a consequence of cystic, benign, and malignant tumour eradication that were rehabilitated with immediately loaded fixed corticobasal implant-supported prostheses and a follow-up period of 5,5 and 4 years. The reported cases present with excellent implant survival, along with healthy peri-implant tissues, stable prostheses, enhanced speech, chewing ability, aesthetics, superior patient satisfaction, and improved overall self-esteem.
CLINICAL DISCUSSION
A multidisciplinary oral and maxillofacial team is mandatory for the successful rehabilitation of patients with mandibular resection and to restore soft and hard tissue loss. The reported treatment modality offers the patient immediate fixed implant-supported prostheses omitting the need for a bone grafting procedure, with optimum peri-implant tissue health, excellent biomechanical and prosthetic results, and significant improvement in function and satisfaction.
CONCLUSION
Corticobasal fixed implant-supported prostheses can be a reliable treatment modality for mandibular resection, resulting in notable enhancements in the patients' oral health, appearance, mastication, speech, and self-esteem.
PubMed: 38677251
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2024.109707 -
Nutrients Apr 2024Given the changes in the digestive tract post-bariatric surgery, adapting to a new pattern of eating behavior becomes crucial, with special attention to the specifics of...
Given the changes in the digestive tract post-bariatric surgery, adapting to a new pattern of eating behavior becomes crucial, with special attention to the specifics of chewing mechanics. This study aimed to investigate the association between self-perception of chewing, chewing behavior, and the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms in preoperative patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Sixty adult candidates for bariatric surgery at a public hospital in Belém (Brazil) were analyzed. Participants predominantly exhibited unilateral chewing patterns (91.6%), a fast chewing rhythm (73.3%), a large food bolus (80%), liquid intake during meals (36.7%), and 41.7% reported that chewing could cause some issue. Significant associations were found between the perception of causing problems and chewing scarcity ( = 0.006), diarrhea ( = 0.004), absence of slow chewing ( = 0.048), and frequent cutting of food with front teeth ( = 0.034). These findings reveal a relationship between the perception of chewing problems and chewing scarcity, presence of diarrhea, and fast chewing.
Topics: Humans; Mastication; Bariatric Surgery; Female; Male; Adult; Middle Aged; Self Concept; Feeding Behavior; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Diarrhea; Brazil; Cross-Sectional Studies; Obesity, Morbid
PubMed: 38674787
DOI: 10.3390/nu16081096 -
International Journal of Molecular... Apr 2024This review deals with the developmental origins of extraocular, jaw and laryngeal muscles, the expression, regulation and functional significance of sarcomeric myosin... (Review)
Review
This review deals with the developmental origins of extraocular, jaw and laryngeal muscles, the expression, regulation and functional significance of sarcomeric myosin heavy chains (MyHCs) that they express and changes in MyHC expression during phylogeny. Myogenic progenitors from the mesoderm in the prechordal plate and branchial arches specify craniofacial muscle allotypes with different repertoires for MyHC expression. To cope with very complex eye movements, extraocular muscles (EOMs) express 11 MyHCs, ranging from the superfast extraocular MyHC to the slowest, non-muscle MyHC IIB (nmMyH IIB). They have distinct global and orbital layers, singly- and multiply-innervated fibres, longitudinal MyHC variations, and palisade endings that mediate axon reflexes. Jaw-closing muscles express the high-force masticatory MyHC and cardiac or limb MyHCs depending on the appropriateness for the acquisition and mastication of food. Laryngeal muscles express extraocular and limb muscle MyHCs but shift toward expressing slower MyHCs in large animals. During postnatal development, MyHC expression of craniofacial muscles is subject to neural and hormonal modulation. The primary and secondary myotubes of developing EOMs are postulated to induce, via different retrogradely transported neurotrophins, the rich diversity of neural impulse patterns that regulate the specific MyHCs that they express. Thyroid hormone shifts MyHC 2A toward 2B in jaw muscles, laryngeal muscles and possibly extraocular muscles. This review highlights the fact that the pattern of myosin expression in mammalian craniofacial muscles is principally influenced by the complex interplay of cell lineages, neural impulse patterns, thyroid and other hormones, functional demands and body mass. In these respects, craniofacial muscles are similar to limb muscles, but they differ radically in the types of cell lineage and the nature of their functional demands.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Facial Muscles; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Muscle Development; Myosin Heavy Chains; Oculomotor Muscles; Phylogeny
PubMed: 38674131
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084546