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BMC Oral Health Sep 2023This study aimed to assess the root canal morphology of primary molars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to assess the root canal morphology of primary molars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
METHODS
This cross-sectional study evaluated 60 maxillary and mandibular primary first and second molars on CBCT scans of patients retrieved from the archives of Hamadan School of Dentistry between 2018-2020. The teeth were evaluated regarding the number of roots and canals, canal type according to the Vertucci's classification, and root surface concavities. Data were analyzed descriptively and by independent t-test.
RESULTS
The most frequent number of canals and roots in the maxillary right and left first molars was 3 canals (60%) and 3 roots (80%). These values were 4 canals (80%) and 5 canals (50%) with 3 roots in the maxillary right and left second molars, respectively, 4 canals (100%) and 2 roots (50%), and 3 canals (60%) and 2 roots (50%) in mandibular right and left first molars, respectively, and 4 canals (92.3%) and 3 roots (61.5%) in mandibular right and left second molars. Vertucci's type IV was the most common canal type in mesial and distal canals, type I was the most common in mesiobuccal, mesiolingual, distobuccal, and distolingual, and types I and II were the most common in the palatal canal. The maximum and minimum concavities were noted in the buccal (26.7%) and mesial (8.3%) surfaces, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
A wide variation exists in the number of roots and canals of maxillary and mandibular primary molars, which calls for further attention in treatment of such teeth.
Topics: Humans; Dental Pulp Cavity; Cross-Sectional Studies; Root Canal Therapy; Molar; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
PubMed: 37749546
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03414-z -
Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry Sep 2023The purpose of the present observational study was to assess the prevalence of radiographic alveolar bone loss (ABL) as a function of age at the Periodontics Clinics at... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
Prevalence of Radiographic Alveolar Bone Loss as a Function of Age in the Periodontics Clinic Population at the College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
PURPOSE
The purpose of the present observational study was to assess the prevalence of radiographic alveolar bone loss (ABL) as a function of age at the Periodontics Clinics at the College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Medical and dental healthcare records of individuals visiting the Periodontics Clinics at College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh Saudi Arabia were assessed. The following information was retrieved: age, gender, educational status, and systemic diseases (diabetes mellitus [DM], hypertension, osteoporosis and obesity). Digital full-mouth radiographs were retrieved from patients' dental records, and marginal bone loss (MBL) was assessed on the mesial and distal surfaces of all teeth. Logistic regression analyses (LRA) were done to assess the correlation between ABL and gender, age, educational status and duration since diagnosis of the aforementioned systemic conditions. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
In total, medical and periodontal healthcare records of 495 individuals were retrieved and assessed. All individuals were citizens of the KSA. Among these, 107 were healthy controls and 98, 95, 96 and 99 individuals had a medical diagnosis of type-2 DM, hypertension, obesity and osteoporosis, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean age and gender of all medically compromised participants. The prevalence of mild, moderate, and severe periodontitis in the total patient population was 51.4%, 37.5% and 36.5%, respectively. Among all healthy controls, the prevalence of mild, moderate, and severe periodontitis was 16.3%, 25.5% and 33.4%, respectively. There was no difference in the prevalence of mild, moderate, and severe periodontitis in relation to advancing age in the entire patient population.
CONCLUSION
Advancing age did not seem to affect ABL in the present patient population. Patient education, oral hygiene maintenance and SES seem to be more predictable indicators of ABL than increasing age.
Topics: Humans; Periodontics; Alveolar Bone Loss; Universities; Prevalence; Saudi Arabia; Hypertension; Obesity; Osteoporosis
PubMed: 37737307
DOI: 10.3290/j.ohpd.b4424899 -
European Journal of Dentistry Sep 2023The aim of this study was to analyze the internal morphology of deciduous molars through the use of computed microtomography in a sample from Rio de Janeiro.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to analyze the internal morphology of deciduous molars through the use of computed microtomography in a sample from Rio de Janeiro.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Thirty maxillary and 30 mandibular deciduous molars ( = 60), divided in first and second primary molars, were scanned by computed microtomography. The teeth were evaluated for root number, root canals, Vertucci classification, root curvature, presence of lateral canals, furcation dentin thickness, structure model index (SMI), volume, and canal surface area.
RESULTS
The results showed 100% of maxillary molars had three roots and Vertucci type I canal was more prevalent in this group. In the mandibular ones, type IV was more frequent in the mesial root and class I in the distal root and the cavo-interradicular canal occurred in 2 specimens. Dentin thickness in the furcation region measured 1.53 and 1.59 mm in the maxillary and mandibular, respectively. Volume and area parameters varied according to the evaluated canals and SMI demonstrated that all canals had a cylindrical shape.
CONCLUSION
More detailed information about the internal anatomy of the primary molars has been described, which may help strategies in the preparation of these root canals.
PubMed: 37729937
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1772566 -
The International Journal of... Sep 2023To evaluate radiographic changes around six implants (Two posterior zygomatic and four conventional implants) used with fixed detachable restorations in patients with...
PURPOSE
To evaluate radiographic changes around six implants (Two posterior zygomatic and four conventional implants) used with fixed detachable restorations in patients with severe maxillary posterior resorption with either Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) or titanium frameworks.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twelve maxillary edentulous patients were rehabilitated with six implants, including two posterior zygomatic and 4 conventionally placed implants for each patient following all-on-six distribution, and opposing mandibular all-on-four implant retained fixed detachable prostheses. A two-stage surgical unloaded healing protocol was performed. According to framework and teeth materials, there were two groups; Group I: CAD-CAM milled framework from modified BioHPP PEEK, bonded to polymethylmethacrylate crowns. Group II: screw-retained CAD-CAM milled framework from titanium, bonded to zirconium crowns. Bone loss evaluation for six implants was performed using cone beam computed tomography at the time of insertion (T0), after one year (T1), and after three years (T2).
RESULTS
There was a statistically significant difference in bone loss between PEEK and titanium groups. Less bone loss in PEEK groups around anterior conventional implants at buccal surfaces (P =0.01), at mesial surfaces (P <0.001), at distal surfaces (P <0.001), and zygomatic implants at buccal surfaces (P =0.004), and at palatal surfaces (P =0.003).
CONCLUSIONS
Within the limitations of the study, the full-arch PEEK and titanium frameworks of fixed-detachable prostheses used with an All-on-Six distribution using zygomatic implants for rehabilitation of maxillary edentulous atrophied posterior arches was a promising treatment approach. Less bone loss was observed with the PEEK framework restorations combined with the PMMA crowns group.
PubMed: 37729478
DOI: 10.11607/ijp.8744 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Jul 2023To evaluate vertical marginal gap after cementation of Zr (zirconium) copings with palatal vent, open vent, and precementation technique on angulated abutments resulting...
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate vertical marginal gap after cementation of Zr (zirconium) copings with palatal vent, open vent, and precementation technique on angulated abutments resulting from cement entrapment between intaglio surface of copings and angulated abutments.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-four angled abutments and 24 CAD-CAM Zr copings were assigned to three groups depending on the type of cementation technique, comprising eight copings with palatal vent, open vent, and no vent, respectively. Vertical marginal gaps between abutment shoulder and coping margin were evaluated at four points: buccal, palatal, mesial, and distal. The readings were statistically analyzed.
RESULTS
The average mean value of vertical marginal gap at all sites for Group A with palatal vent was 158.45, for Group B with open vent was 151.84, and for Group C using precementation technique was 163.58. A statistically non-significant difference was seen for values between all sites ( > 0.05) for all groups.
CONCLUSION
The average vertical marginal gap for Group B was comparatively lower compared to Groups A and C.
PubMed: 37693993
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_283_23 -
International Journal of Clinical... Aug 2023The study aimed to assess and compare the crazing of preformed stainless steel (SS) crowns at various autoclave cycles.
AIM
The study aimed to assess and compare the crazing of preformed stainless steel (SS) crowns at various autoclave cycles.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Around 15 SS crowns were subjected to zero (unsterilized), one, three, five, and seven autoclave cycles at 121°C, 15 psi for 20 minutes. After each autoclave cycle, the mesial surface of each crown from occlusal to cervical portions was examined under a 40× stereomicroscope. Crazing was evaluated using Wickersham's criteria.
RESULTS
One autoclave cycle does not produce any cracks, whereas the higher the number of autoclave cycles, the higher the cracks, which affects the prognosis of the SS crown treatment.
CONCLUSION
Surface alterations of SS crowns after different autoclave cycles were significant. So, preformed SS crowns should be discarded after sterilizing once or twice during clinical practice.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Sowkarthicaa P, Mathian VM, Gawthaman M, Comparative Evaluation of Preformed Stainless Steel Crown's Crazing at Different Autoclave Cycles. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(S-1):S77-S80.
PubMed: 37663221
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2608 -
American Journal of Orthodontics and... Jan 2024Different types of intraradicular restorations and their insertion have an impact on teeth biomechanics. This study aimed to analyze the biomechanical behavior of...
Comparative analysis of the biomechanical behavior of the maxillary central incisors restored with glass fiber post and cast metal post and core submitted to orthodontic forces: A study with finite elements.
INTRODUCTION
Different types of intraradicular restorations and their insertion have an impact on teeth biomechanics. This study aimed to analyze the biomechanical behavior of maxillary central incisors restored with glass fiber post (GFP) and cast metal post and core (CMP) subjected to buccolingual and mesiodistal orthodontic forces using the finite element method.
METHODS
Two models of the maxillary central incisor with periodontal ligament, cortical bone, and trabecular bone were made. One of the models included intraradicular restoration with GFP, whereas, in the other, the incisor was restored with CMP. After creating the tridimensional mesh of finite elements, applying 2 orthodontic forces were simulated: 65 g of buccolingual force and 70 g of mesiodistal force. The forces were applied parallel to the palatal plane in the region of the bracket slot, located 4 mm to the incisal edge.
RESULTS
The maximum stresses generated in the GFP-restored root were 3.642 × 10 MPa and 4.755 × 10 MPa from the buccolingual and mesiodistal forces, respectively. Likewise, the stresses in the CMP restored root were 2.777 × 10MPa and 3.826 × 10MPa. The radicular area with higher stress on both models was located in the cervical third: on the buccal surface when the buccolingual force was applied and on the mesial surface when the mesiodistal force was applied. The highest stress levels were found on the CMP structure.
CONCLUSIONS
The incisor restored with cast metal post revealed lower stress values transferred to the root than the one restored with GFP. The stresses on the structure of the GFP were lower and more homogeneous than the ones found on the cast metal post. The difference among the stress values in the materials is within a safe margin for using both materials in relation to orthodontic forces.
Topics: Humans; Incisor; Glass; Mechanical Phenomena; Periodontal Ligament; Finite Element Analysis; Stress, Mechanical; Dental Stress Analysis
PubMed: 37656069
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2023.06.025 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Jul 2023The present research was conducted to assess the microleakage of stainless steel crowns along with pedo jacket crowns following cementation with different luting cements.
AIM
The present research was conducted to assess the microleakage of stainless steel crowns along with pedo jacket crowns following cementation with different luting cements.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 60 deciduous teeth subjected to extraction were employed in this research. These 60 specimens were randomly divided into two groups: Group I: Stainless steel crowns and Group II: Pedo Jacket crowns. Both crowns were subjected to cementation using self-cure resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) cement as well as by means of self-adhesive universal resin cement (RelyX luting cement). The specimens were subjected to storage in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h and were subjected to 500 thermal cycles between 5°C and 55°C using a dwell span of 30 s. Individual surfaces were assessed for the amount of dye infiltration at the boundaries by the side of the tooth-cement border beneath a stereomicroscope under 50× magnifying power. At the mesial and distal surfaces, the amount of microleakage was measured in micrometers (μm), and the mean value was computed for each sample.
RESULTS
Stainless steel crowns subject to cementation with RelyX luting cement exhibited the lowest microleakage (0.88 ± 0.78) versus self-cure RMGI cement (0.94 ± 0.78). There was no statistically significant difference found between the groups. Pedo Jacket crowns subject to cementation with RelyX luting cement exhibited the lowest microleakage (0.96. ± 0.32) while self-cure RMGI cement (1.83 ± 0.16) depicted the maximum microleakage. There was an extremely statistically noteworthy dissimilarity noted among the groups.
CONCLUSION
The current research concluded that Pedo Jacket crowns subjected to cementation with RelyX luting cement can be regarded as an esthetically pleasing restorative alternative for numerous young patients. Applying RelyX luting cement to Pedo Jacket crowns provides a strong bolstering by composite materials that ensures the success of the therapy provided.
PubMed: 37654276
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_584_22 -
BMC Oral Health Aug 2023A protostylid is a relatively rare dental developmental aberration characterized as an extra cusp located on the mesial half of the buccal surface of the molars. A...
BACKGROUND
A protostylid is a relatively rare dental developmental aberration characterized as an extra cusp located on the mesial half of the buccal surface of the molars. A protostylid is rarely to be reported due to its low rate of occurrence. This case report describes a patient referred for endodontic treatment due to the presence of a protostylid on the buccal surface of the maxillary first molar that induced apical periodontitis.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 53-year-old female reported a 3-month history of pain of chewing with her upper left posterior teeth over 3 months. In the clinical examination, an abraded anomalous cusp-like structure was found on the buccal surface of tooth 26, Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) revealed a supernumerary cusp with an intact root canal inside, which was fused with the mesiobuccal (MB) root canal in the middle of the root. In addition, extensive periapical radiolucency was observed around tooth 26. The tooth was diagnosed as apical periodontitis, and endodontic treatment was performed. The initial lesion in tooth 26 gradually healed over 1 year of observation.
CONCLUSIONS
To our knowledge, this case is the first to describe the endodontic management of a maxillary first molar with a protostylid and advances our understanding of supernumerary cusps. This case provides a reference for the treatment of protostylid.
Topics: Humans; Female; Middle Aged; Tooth, Supernumerary; Molar; Periapical Periodontitis; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Maxilla; Root Canal Filling Materials; Calcium Hydroxide; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 37644464
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03315-1 -
Journal of Dentistry Oct 2023To compare direct visual analysis (DVA) and intraoral scanning (IOS) for the assessment of developmental defects of the enamel (DDE).
OBJECTIVE
To compare direct visual analysis (DVA) and intraoral scanning (IOS) for the assessment of developmental defects of the enamel (DDE).
METHODS
Thirty-nine extracted permanent human teeth with DDE were selected by an experienced examiner and digitised using IOS. The scanning was recorded using the OBS Studio software parallel to the IOS software to obtain a coloured high-definition MP4 file of the process. Two other experienced, blinded, and calibrated examiners randomly analysed the same teeth through DVA and IOS. A third examiner resolved any disagreements between the two examiners. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the frequencies of the scores. Cohen's kappa test was used to determine whether the DVA scores were different from those assigned using IOS. Spearman's test was used to verify non-random examiner errors. The Chi-square test was used to compare score frequencies. Statistical significance was set at p <0.05.
RESULTS
Scores indicating more severe and extended DDE (p <0.05) were more frequently assigned with IOS than with DVA (IOS: 25.64%, 25.64%, 38.46%, and 35.90% between one-third to two-third of the lingual, occlusal, mesial, and distal surfaces, respectively; vs. DVA: 10.26%, 7.69%, 15.38%, and 10.26% for the respective aforementioned tooth surfaces). Contrarily, 'no visible enamel defect' was significantly less assigned for IOS than for DVA (IOS: 15.38%, 43.59%, 35.90%, 15.38%, and 17.95% for buccal, lingual, occlusal, mesial, and distal surfaces, respectively; vs. DVA: 38.46%, 66.67%, 56.41%, 51.28%, and 43.59% for the respective aforementioned tooth surfaces). Kappa agreement ranged from fair to moderate when comparing DVA and IOS; the correlation between both methods was positive, indicating that the examiners assigned the scores properly and the differences arose from employing different methods.
CONCLUSION
The assessment of DDE differed depending on the method used. IOS scores indicated more severe and extended DDE than DVA scores. Clinical investigation is the next step in validating the use of IOS for DDE diagnosis.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
This study showed that DDE can be assessed differently using IOS. It is clinically relevant as it directly affects the determination of the severity of the defect and dental treatment planning.
Topics: Humans; Developmental Defects of Enamel; Software; Tongue
PubMed: 37604397
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104677