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Cancer Letters Aug 2024Adenosis is a benign breast condition whose lesions can mimic breast carcinoma and is evaluated for malignancy with the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System...
Adenosis is a benign breast condition whose lesions can mimic breast carcinoma and is evaluated for malignancy with the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS). We construct and validate the performance of modality-specific enhancement (MSE)-Breast Net based on multimodal ultrasound images and compare it to the BI-RADS in differentiating adenosis from breast cancer. A total of 179 patients with breast carcinoma and 229 patients with adenosis were included in this retrospective, two-institution study, then divided into a training cohort (institution I, n = 292) and a validation cohort (institution II, n = 116). In the training cohort, the final model had a significantly greater AUC (0.82; P < 0.05) than B-mode-based model (0.69, 95% CI [0.49-0.90]). In the validation cohort, the AUC of the final model was 0.81, greater than that of the BI-RADS (0.75, P < 0.05). The multimodal model outperformed the individual and bimodal models, reaching a significantly greater AUC of 0.87 (95% CI = 0.69-1.0) (P < 0.05). MSE-Breast Net, based on multimodal ultrasound images, exhibited better diagnostic performance than the BI-RADS in differentiating adenosis from breast cancer and may contribute to clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Topics: Humans; Female; Breast Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Ultrasonography, Mammary; Adult; Aged; Diagnosis, Differential; Fibrocystic Breast Disease
PubMed: 38795759
DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216977 -
Radiologic Clinics of North America Jul 2024Fibrocystic changes are commonly seen in clinically symptomatic patients and during imaging workup of screening-detected findings. The term "fibrocystic changes"... (Review)
Review
Fibrocystic changes are commonly seen in clinically symptomatic patients and during imaging workup of screening-detected findings. The term "fibrocystic changes" encompasses a broad spectrum of specific benign pathologic entities. Recognition of classically benign findings of fibrocystic changes, including cysts and layering calcifications, can prevent unnecessary follow-ups and biopsies. Imaging findings such as solid masses, nonlayering calcifications, and architectural distortion may require core needle biopsy for diagnosis. In these cases, understanding the varied appearances of fibrocystic change aids determination of radiologic-pathologic concordance. Management of fibrocystic change is typically conservative.
Topics: Humans; Female; Diagnosis, Differential; Breast; Fibrocystic Breast Disease; Mammography
PubMed: 38777535
DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2023.12.008 -
Acta Cytologica 2024Cancer genome analysis using next-generation sequencing requires adequate and high-quality DNA samples. Genomic analyses were conventionally performed using...
INTRODUCTION
Cancer genome analysis using next-generation sequencing requires adequate and high-quality DNA samples. Genomic analyses were conventionally performed using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections rather than cytology samples such as cell block or smear specimens. Specimens collected from liquid-based cytology (LBC) have the potential to be sources of high-quality DNA suitable for genetic analysis even after long-term storage.
METHODS
We collected breast tumor/lesion fractions from 92 residual LBC specimens using fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy, including breast carcinoma (1 invasive carcinoma and 4 ductal carcinomas in situ), papillomatous lesion (5 intraductal papillomas), and fibroepithelial lesion (19 phyllodes tumors and 53 fibroadenomas) samples, and others (1 ductal adenoma, 1 hamartoma, 1 fibrocystic disease, and 7 unknown). DNA was extracted from all samples and subjected to DNA integrity number (DIN) score analysis.
RESULTS
Average DIN score collected from 92 LBC specimens was significantly higher score. In addition, high-quality DNA with high DIN values (7.39 ± 0.80) was successfully extracted more than 12 months after storage of residual LBC specimens.
CONCLUSION
Residual LBC specimens collected from FNA of the breast were verified to carry high-quality DNA and could serve as an alternate source for genetic analysis.
Topics: Humans; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Liquid Biopsy; DNA, Neoplasm; Cytodiagnosis; Phyllodes Tumor; Fibroadenoma; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating; Middle Aged; Cytology
PubMed: 38555634
DOI: 10.1159/000538071 -
Indian Journal of Pathology &... 2024Benign proliferative breast diseases are well recognized in young females. Benign biphasic proliferation of epithelial and myoepithelial cells has been observed, among...
Benign proliferative breast diseases are well recognized in young females. Benign biphasic proliferation of epithelial and myoepithelial cells has been observed, among which adeno-myoepithelial adenosis is one of the rare morphologies published in the literature with the tendency to recur and poses a risk for low-grade malignant transformation. Here, we report a case of a young female who had a history of recurrent breast lump mimicking phyllodes tumor and eventually diagnosed as adeno-myoepithelial adenosis on histopathological examination. Benign proliferative breast diseases are well recognized in young females. Benign biphasic proliferation of epithelial and myoepithelial cells has been observed, among which adeno-myoepithelial adenosis is one of the rare morphologies published in the literature with the tendency to recur and poses a risk for low-grade malignant transformation. Here, we report a case of a young female who had a history of recurrent breast lump mimicking phyllodes tumor and eventually diagnosed as adeno-myoepithelial adenosis on histopathological examination.
Topics: Female; Humans; Phyllodes Tumor; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Fibrocystic Breast Disease; Epithelial Cells; Hyperplasia; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Breast Neoplasms; Myoepithelioma
PubMed: 38358228
DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_925_22 -
Cureus Jan 2024Acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) is an exceedingly rare type of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We are reporting a case of a 46-year-old female patient who presented...
Acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) is an exceedingly rare type of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We are reporting a case of a 46-year-old female patient who presented with a palpable lump in her left breast not associated with pain, pruritis, or change of skin color. An open biopsy revealed a mass of about 20 x 25 mm of fleshy, white tan with a lobular configuration and necrosis. The histopathological examination revealed cells with cytoplasmic granularity arranged in a microglandular pattern and a solid pattern, and the case was initially reported as ACC. The most remarkable feature was the presence of small and large, brightly eosinophilic cytoplasmic granules, and some cells are clear or multivacuolated, resembling lipoblasts. Cellular pleomorphism and anaplasia are very mild, and the mitotic activity was very low. The tumor showed a scant and vascularized stroma in the area of hyalinization. Small clusters of lymphoid infiltration in the stroma were seen. Histochemical stains revealed that the acinar cells in ACC contain abundant diastase-resistant, periodic acid Schiff (PAS)-positive cytoplasmic granules. Mucicarmine and Alcian blue were negative. The immunohistochemistry workup revealed that the case was positive for discovered on gastrointestinal stromal tumors-1 (DOG-1) and the positivity pattern ranged from apical membranous, cytoplasmic, and complete membranous. In addition, the tumor cells were positive for low-molecular-weight cytokeratin, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). The FISH workup for the ETV6-NTRK3 fusion was negative, arguing against secretory carcinoma (SC). A diagnosis of acinar cell carcinoma of the breast is very rare, and the presence of cytoplasmic granules is helpful for its diagnosis. In the absence of these granules, the diagnosis is very difficult, and other diagnoses will be put in the differential diagnosis, particularly SC, lactating adenosis, and microglandular adenosis. Immunohistochemical and histochemical stains and genetic workups will support the diagnosis of ACC.
PubMed: 38298310
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51427 -
Journal of Biomedical Optics Jan 2024The photoacoustic (PA) technique, a noninvasive pump-probe technique, has found interesting applications in biomedical tissue diagnosis over the last decade. To take it...
SIGNIFICANCE
The photoacoustic (PA) technique, a noninvasive pump-probe technique, has found interesting applications in biomedical tissue diagnosis over the last decade. To take it a step further to clinical applications, the PA technique needs to be designed as an instrument focusing on a compact design, reducing the cost, and quickly providing a quantitative diagnosis.
AIM
This work presents a design and characterization of a cost-effective, compact PA sensing instrument for biomedical tissue diagnosis.
APPROACH
A compact laser diode case design is developed to house several laser diodes for PA excitation, and a pulsed current supply unit is also developed in-house to power the laser diodes to generate a 25 ns current pulse at a frequency of 20 kHz. After PA experimental data acquisition, the signal's frequency spectra were calculated to characterize the tissue quantitatively and correlated with their mechanobiological properties.
RESULTS
The corresponding dominant frequency peak in the PA spectral response (PASR) study was low in the fibrofatty normal breast tissue , compared to the dominant frequency peak of in the fibrocystic disease tissue, which had increased glandular and stromal elements, thereby increased tissue density. The histopathological findings correlated with the PASR results, and the fibrocystic breast disease tissue exhibited a higher dominant frequency peak and energy compared to the normal breast tissue.
CONCLUSIONS
We experimented with an PASR study of fibrocystic human breast tissues and successfully differentiated different tissue types using quantitative spectral parameters peak frequency, mean frequency, and spectral energy. This gives the potential to take this technique further for cost-effective and quick clinical applications.
Topics: Humans; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Lasers, Semiconductor; Spectrum Analysis; Photoacoustic Techniques
PubMed: 38213472
DOI: 10.1117/1.JBO.29.1.017002 -
The Breast Journal 2023The objective of this study was to determine whether multi-microRNA analysis using a combination of four microRNA biomarkers (miR-1246, 202, 21, and 219B) could improve...
The objective of this study was to determine whether multi-microRNA analysis using a combination of four microRNA biomarkers (miR-1246, 202, 21, and 219B) could improve the diagnostic performance of mammography in determining breast cancer risk by age group (under 50 vs. over 50) and distinguish breast cancer from benign breast diseases and other cancers (thyroid, colon, stomach, lung, liver, and cervix cancers). To verify breast cancer classification performance of the four miRNA biomarkers and whether the model providing breast cancer risk score could distinguish between benign breast disease and other cancers, the model was verified using nonlinear support vector machine (SVM) and generalized linear model (GLM) and age and four miRNA qRT-PCR analysis values (dCt) were input to these models. Breast cancer risk scores for each Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category in multi-microRNA analysis were analyzed to examine the correlation between breast cancer risk scores and mammography categories. We generated two models using two classification algorithms, SVM and GLM, with a combination of four miRNA biomarkers showing high performance and sensitivities of 84.5% and 82.1%, a specificity of 85%, and areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.967 and 0.965, respectively, which showed consistent performance across all stages of breast cancer and patient ages. The results of this study showed that this multi-microRNA analysis using the four miRNA biomarkers was effective in classifying breast cancer in patients under the age of 50, which is challenging to accurately diagnose. In addition, breast cancer and benign breast diseases can be classified, showing the possibility of helping with diagnosis by mammography. Verification of the performance of the four miRNA biomarkers confirmed that multi-microRNA analysis could be used as a new breast cancer screening aid to improve the accuracy of mammography. However, many factors must be considered for clinical use. Further validation with an appropriate screening population in large clinical trials is required. This trial is registered with (KNUCH 2022-04-036).
Topics: Female; Humans; Breast Neoplasms; MicroRNAs; Mammography; Breast; Fibrocystic Breast Disease; Biomarkers
PubMed: 38178922
DOI: 10.1155/2023/9117047 -
Medicine Dec 2023Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease with the chronic inflammation of glandular tissues, typically salivary and lacrimal glands. Since mammary tissue shares the...
Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease with the chronic inflammation of glandular tissues, typically salivary and lacrimal glands. Since mammary tissue shares the glandular structure, Sjögren's syndrome may also target mammary tissue to cause breast diseases. We therefore determined whether primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is associated with the increased risk of breast cancer (BC) and breast fibrocystic change (FC). Total 282 female patients with pSS were recruited from a medical center in Taiwan, and patients' medical records were reviewed to identify BC and ultrasonographic breast FC. The prevalence, incidence and risk factors for BC and breast FC in pSS patients were determined, and the risk factors for these breast diseases were subsequently analyzed. Our results showed that pSS patients had the increased prevalence and incidence of BC, and high anti-SSA(Ro) antibody titers were found to be associated with the increased risk of BC. Breast FC was also found highly prevalent in these patients. Comorbidity analysis as risk factor for BC in pSS patients showed diabetes mellitus was strongly associated with the increased risk of BC (odds ratio = 10.4, P = .0006), whereas breast FC was inversely associated with the risk of BC (odds ratio = 0.077 P = .0158). These data indicated that pSS is association with the increased risk of BC and with the high prevalence of ultrasonographic breast FC. Our results also suggest that, in pSS patients, the high anti-SSA(Ro) antibody titers and diabetes mellitus confer the increased risk of BC, whereas the absence of ultrasonographic breast FC predicts the higher risk of BC.
Topics: Humans; Female; Sjogren's Syndrome; Breast Neoplasms; Fibrocystic Breast Disease; Risk Assessment; Diabetes Mellitus
PubMed: 38134080
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000036769 -
Autopsy & Case Reports 2023
PubMed: 38034514
DOI: 10.4322/acr.2023.460