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Diagnostic Cytopathology Aug 2022Galactoceles are the common benign cystic breast lesions during pregnancy and lactation. This report describes the cytological findings of a case of long standing...
Galactoceles are the common benign cystic breast lesions during pregnancy and lactation. This report describes the cytological findings of a case of long standing galactocele which underwent crystallization and mimicked carcinoma clinically as well as on sonography. A young woman presented with a hard painless lump in the right breast. She noticed the lump during her pregnancy 2.5 years back. Clinically the lesion was hard and sonography was equivocal in categorizing the lesion. An FNAC was performed which showed granular amorphous material along with crystals of various shapes and sizes. A diagnosis of crystallizing galactocele was made and woman was assured about the benign nature of the lesion. The cytological findings of crystallizing galactocele have been reported in very few cases. In the present case, a detailed history and clinical examination followed by fine needle aspiration established the diagnosis of crystallizing galactocele.
Topics: Breast; Breast Cyst; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Fibrocystic Breast Disease; Humans; Lactation; Pregnancy
PubMed: 35488729
DOI: 10.1002/dc.24974 -
Cureus Mar 2022The Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) lexicon used in reporting breast imaging has several categories with specific positive predictive values for...
PURPOSE
The Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) lexicon used in reporting breast imaging has several categories with specific positive predictive values for breast cancer. Among those, BI-RADS 4 is associated with a wider range of risk for breast cancer, which makes the decision for biopsy difficult. The study aim was to determine the malignancy rate and clinical outcomes of BI-RADS 4 lesions in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) for a period of five years.
METHODS
This was a retrospective study of patients diagnosed by mammographic or ultrasonographic findings with BI-RADS 4 breast lesions in HUSM, Kelantan from July 2015 to June 2020. Data were collected from the medical records and an electronic database. Patients with BI-RADS 4 lesions who underwent biopsy and had a known tissue diagnosis were included in this study. The data was used to calculate the malignancy rate and associated positive predictive factors for breast cancer associated with BI-RADS 4 lesions.
RESULTS
From the mammography and ultrasonography performed at HUSM from July 2015 to June 2020, a total of 256 lesions were categorized as BI-RADS 4. However, only 198 BI-RADS 4 lesions underwent biopsy and were included in the study. Of these 198 lesions, 26.8% were malignant on histopathological examination of the biopsy samples. Simple logistic regression analysis showed that age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, number of parity, and certain mammogram findings were significantly associated with breast cancer. Invasive breast cancer was the most common type. Fibrocystic disease was the most common benign pathology, followed by fibroadenoma.
CONCLUSION
The malignancy rate of BI-RADS 4 lesions in HUSM was similar to previously reported rates. A thorough evaluation of positive predictive factors and careful selection of patients for biopsy in BI-RADS 4 lesions will minimize unwanted biopsies and associated patient anxiety, in addition to reducing the health care burden.
PubMed: 35371885
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22757 -
Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology Sep 2022Classification of breast tumors has been evolving in the last decade. Uncommon types of breast neoplasms have been increasingly recognized. While the pathogenesis of a... (Review)
Review
Classification of breast tumors has been evolving in the last decade. Uncommon types of breast neoplasms have been increasingly recognized. While the pathogenesis of a subset of these tumors remains to be ascertained, integration of state-of-the-art knowledge from molecular advancements and clinical practice has enhanced our understanding of these diseases, be they unique to the breast or more frequently seen in other organs. Furthermore, these lesions may have diverse clinical outcomes despite of similar histopathologic and immunophenotypic characteristics or even molecular alterations, thus warranting different clinical management. Therefore, recognizing their salient histologic features and judicious use of ancillary studies is essential to reach the correct diagnosis in the pursuit of personalized medicine. This review provides an update on selective special types of breast neoplasms, with emphasis on their salient clinicopathologic features, diagnostic pitfalls, controversies, and recent molecular genetic advances.
Topics: Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Fibrocystic Breast Disease; Humans; Molecular Biology
PubMed: 35331622
DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2022.03.001 -
Cancer Cell International Mar 2022This meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled association between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hypothyroidism, and fibrocystic breast changes. We searched... (Review)
Review
This meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled association between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), hypothyroidism, and fibrocystic breast changes. We searched important databases, including PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase to retrieve all relevant studies published from 1990 to April 2021. The bias risk of selected articles was assessed based on the JBI checklist. Our search strategy yielded a total of 487 articles from the international databases. After screening their full-texts, 6 articles met the inclusion criteria and were considered for meta-analysis. The effect of PCOS on the incidence of fibrocystic breast changes was 2.49 (95% CI 1.85-3.34). Also, the effect of hypothyroidism on the incidence of fibrocystic breast changes was 1.90 (95% CI 0.92-3.93). The results showed that women with PCOS were at higher risks to develop fibrocystic breast changes.
PubMed: 35305643
DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02547-5 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2022Assessing the long-term risk of breast cancer after diagnosis of benign breast disease by mammography is of utmost importance to design personalised screening...
Assessing the long-term risk of breast cancer after diagnosis of benign breast disease by mammography is of utmost importance to design personalised screening strategies. We analysed individual-level data from 778,306 women aged 50-69 years with at least one mammographic screening participation in any of ten breast cancer screening centers in Spain from 1996 to 2015, and followed-up until 2017. We used Poisson regression to compare the rates of incident breast cancer among women with and without benign breast disease. During a median follow-up of 7.6 years, 11,708 (1.5%) women had an incident of breast cancer and 17,827 (2.3%) had a benign breast disease. The risk of breast cancer was 1.77 times higher among women with benign breast disease than among those without (95% CI: 1.61 to 1.95). The relative risk increased to 1.99 among women followed for less than four years, and remained elevated for two decades, with relative risk 1.96 (95% CI: 1.32 to 2.92) for those followed from 12 to 20 years. Benign breast disease is a long-term risk factor for breast cancer. Women with benign breast disease could benefit from closer surveillance and personalized screening strategies.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Early Detection of Cancer; Female; Fibrocystic Breast Disease; Humans; Mammography; Mass Screening; Risk Factors
PubMed: 35270331
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052625 -
AJR. American Journal of Roentgenology Jul 2022Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) has led to increased detection and biopsy of architectural distortion, which may yield malignancy, radial scar, or other benign...
Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) has led to increased detection and biopsy of architectural distortion, which may yield malignancy, radial scar, or other benign pathologies. Management of nonmalignant architectural distortion on DBT remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to determine upgrade rates of architectural distortion on DBT from nonmalignant pathology at biopsy to malignancy at surgery. This retrospective study included cases of mammographically detected architectural distortion from July 1, 2016, to June 30, 2019, that were nonmalignant at image-guided needle biopsy and underwent surgical excision. Mammographic examinations included digital 2D mammography and DBT. Imaging data were extracted from radiology reports. Upgrade rates were summarized using descriptive statistics. Features of upgraded and nonupgraded cases were compared using Pearson chi-square test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. The study included 129 cases of architectural distortion with nonmalignant pathology at biopsy that underwent excision in 125 women (mean age, 54 years; range, 23-90 years). At biopsy, 92 (71.3%) were radial scars and 37 (28.7%) were other nonmalignant pathologies. Of 66 radial scars without atypia at biopsy, one (1.5%) was upgraded to ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) at surgery and none to invasive cancer. Of 24 benign pathologies without atypia at biopsy, one was considered discordant. Of the 23 remaining concordant cases, one (4.3%) was upgraded to DCIS at surgery and none to invasive cancer. The overall upgrade rate to cancer of architectural distortion with concordant nonmalignant pathology at biopsy was 10.2% (13/128). The upgrade rate to cancer of architectural distortion without atypia was 2.2% (2/89) and with atypia was 28.2% (11/39). Explored features (age, personal or family breast cancer history, presentation by screening vs diagnostic mammography, breast density, associated mammographic findings, presence and size of ultrasound correlate, biopsy modality) showed no signifi-cant associations with upgrade risk ( > .05). Architectural distortion on DBT with concordant nonmalignant pathology at biopsy has an overall upgrade rate to malignancy at surgery of 10.2%. Architectural distortion without atypia has a low upgrade rate of 2.2%. Imaging surveillance can be considered for architectural distortion on DBT yielding radial scar without atypia or other concordant benign pathologies without atypia at biopsy.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating; Cicatrix; Female; Fibrocystic Breast Disease; Humans; Image-Guided Biopsy; Mammography; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 35107312
DOI: 10.2214/AJR.21.27161 -
Biological Trace Element Research Dec 2022The objective of the present study is evaluation of serum and hair levels of essential metals and metalloids in women with benign breast disease and breast cancer in...
The objective of the present study is evaluation of serum and hair levels of essential metals and metalloids in women with benign breast disease and breast cancer in order to define similar and distinct patterns that may mediate the link between these pathologies. A total of 310 adult women aged 20-80 years old were enrolled in the present study. Of those, 103 patients had benign (fibrocystic) breast disease, 107 patients had breast cancer (stage II), and 100 women were healthy and with absence of breast pathology. Trace metal and metalloid levels in hair and serum were evaluated by inductively coupled argon plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS). The data demonstrate that breast cancer patients were characterized by significantly higher hair Cr and V levels, as well as reduced Cu and Mn content as compared to both benign breast disease patients and controls. In contrast, serum Cu levels in women with breast cancer exceeded those in the controls and benign breast disease cases. Patients with both benign and malignant breast tumors were characterized by lower serum Mn levels as compared to the control values. Serum Cu/Zn and especially Cu/Mn were found to be significantly increased in cancer patients. Significantly reduced hair and serum Se levels were noted only in women with fibrocystic disease. Based on the analysis of two biosamples, it is proposed that malignant breast tumor development is associated with the reduction of systemic Mn and Zn levels, and a concomitant elevation of Cu concentrations.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Metalloids; Metals; Middle Aged; Plasma Gases; Trace Elements; Young Adult
PubMed: 35048270
DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03109-6 -
Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2022This study aimed to analyze the diagnostic value of multimodal images based on artificial intelligence target detection algorithms for early breast cancer, so as to...
This study aimed to analyze the diagnostic value of multimodal images based on artificial intelligence target detection algorithms for early breast cancer, so as to provide help for clinical imaging examinations of breast cancer. This article combined residual block with inception block, constructed a new target detection algorithm to detect breast lumps, used deep convolutional neural network and ultrasound imaging in diagnosing benign and malignant breast lumps, took breast density grading with mammography, compared the convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm with the proposed algorithm, and then applied the proposed algorithm to the diagnosis of 120 female patients with breast lumps. According to the results, accuracy rates of breast lump detection (94.76%), benign and malignant breast lumps diagnosis (98.22%), and breast grading (93.65%) with the algorithm applied in this study were significantly higher than those (75.67%, 87.23%, and 79.54%) with CNN algorithm, and the difference was statistically significant ( < 0.05); among 62 patients with malignant breast lumps of the 120 patients with breast lumps, 37 were patients with invasive ductal carcinoma, 8 with lobular carcinoma in situ, 16 with intraductal carcinoma, and 4 with mucinous carcinoma; among the remaining 58 patients with benign breast lumps, 28 were patients with fibrocystic breast disease, 17 with intraductal papilloma, 4 with breast hyperplasia, and 9 with adenopathy; the differences in shape, growth direction, edge, and internal echo of multimodal ultrasound imaging of patients with benign and malignant breast lumps had statistical significance ( < 0.05); the malignant constituent ratios of patients with breast density grades I to IV were 0%, 7.10%, 80.40%, and 100%, respectively. In short, the multimodal imaging diagnosis under the algorithm in this article was superior to CNN algorithm in all aspects; according to the judgment on benign and malignant breast lumps and breast density with multimodal imaging features, the higher the breast density, the higher the probability of breast cancer.
Topics: Algorithms; Artificial Intelligence; Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Multimodal Imaging
PubMed: 35047160
DOI: 10.1155/2022/9322937 -
Radiologic Technology Jan 2022Fibrocystic changes in the breasts are the most common benign breast condition globally, with as many as 50% of women experiencing symptoms during their lifetime. This...
Fibrocystic changes in the breasts are the most common benign breast condition globally, with as many as 50% of women experiencing symptoms during their lifetime. This article explores the types of changes associated with fibrocystic breasts along with signs and symptoms, etiology and possible risk factors, diagnostic techniques, and treatments of fibrocystic breast changes, including lifestyle modifications, cyst drainage, and medications.
Topics: Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Fibrocystic Breast Disease; Humans; Risk Factors
PubMed: 35017277
DOI: No ID Found -
Experimental Oncology Dec 2021To investigate the association between SRA1 rs801460 and rs10463297 variants and proliferative type of benign breast disease with atypia development in Ukrainian females.
AIM
To investigate the association between SRA1 rs801460 and rs10463297 variants and proliferative type of benign breast disease with atypia development in Ukrainian females.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
83 individuals diagnosed with proliferative type of benign breast disease with atypia and 115 without atypia were enrolled in the study. The rs801460 and rs10463297 variants genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Hematoxylin and eosin, toluidine blue and van Gieson's picrofuchsin methods were used for sections staining.
RESULTS
It was revealed that SRA1 rs801460-variant is associated with proliferative type of benign breast disease with atypia development both before and after adjustment for risk factors (age, body mass index, age of menarche, oral contraceptives intake and burdened history of breast cancer). The risk for mentioned disease in the individuals with rs801460 TT-genotype is 2.2 times higher (confidence interval 1.010-4.800; p = 0.047) than in individuals with the CC and CT genotypes. No link between SRA1 rs10463297 and proliferative type of benign breast disease with atypia occurrence in Ukrainian females was found.
CONCLUSION
The present study specified that SRA1 rs801460, but not rs10463297, can be the strong genetic predictor for benign breast disease with atypia in Ukrainian females.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Carrier Proteins; Ethnicity; Female; Fibrocystic Breast Disease; Genotype; Humans; Risk Factors; Ukraine
PubMed: 34967547
DOI: 10.32471/exp-oncology.2312-8852.vol-43-no-4.16852