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Journal of the Medical Association of... Nov 2005A prospective, non-randomized, open clinical trial was conducted to determine the efficacy of itraconazole for treatment of Microsporum ferrugineum tinea capitis.... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Comparative Study
A prospective, non-randomized, open clinical trial was conducted to determine the efficacy of itraconazole for treatment of Microsporum ferrugineum tinea capitis. Itraconazole capsules were given every day in continuous group and every day for 1 week on and 3-week off in pulse therapy group. Concomitant topical therapy with 2% ketoconazole shampoo was used daily. Clinical evaluation consisted of assessing the degree of hair loss, scaling, erythema, pustule, and crust. In both groups, the treatment was stopped when the clinical signs of inflammation had resolved and the mycological examination had become negative or at week 12. There were 81 patients consisted of 49 boys and 32 girls enrolled and average dose of itraconazole was 4.5 mg/kg/day. During the 16-week study period (with 4-week follow-up visit) the overall clinical severity score decreased every visit (p < 0.001). The improvement of the scores showed no statistical difference between both groups. The cumulative cure rate using combined clinical and mycological cure at week 16 in patients treated with continuous and pulse regimen was 54.3% (19/35) and 37.0% (17/46), respectively. The cumulative percentage of all cure rates including clinical cure, mycological cure and combined clinical and mycological cure of the continuous group was significantly higher than in the pulse therapy group (p < 0.001). The superior efficacy of the continuous therapy group was observed after week 8. The cumulative cure rate increased with the longer treatment duration but decreased with the larger infected area involvement (p = 0.001). All patients who were not cured showed improvement. There was no significant adverse effect. The higher dosage or the longer treatment duration of itraconazole may be required for treatment of tinea capitis from M. ferrugineum to achieve more cure rate.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antifungal Agents; Female; Humans; Itraconazole; Male; Microsporum; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Pulse Therapy, Drug; Tinea Capitis
PubMed: 16856430
DOI: No ID Found -
Mycopathologia May 2006This is a first case of Microsporum ferrugineum from Iranian patient. A 42 year old man was examined for tinea faciei infection. Direct KOH preparations from skin...
This is a first case of Microsporum ferrugineum from Iranian patient. A 42 year old man was examined for tinea faciei infection. Direct KOH preparations from skin scraping revealed hyaline septate branching mycelium. Cultures of skin scrapings yielded M. ferrugineum after three weeks. Isolate was identified based on colony morphology on Sabouraud's dextrose agar medium (S), microscopic morphology of slide culture, and biochemical reactions.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Iran; Male; Microsporum; Tinea
PubMed: 16649084
DOI: 10.1007/s11046-006-0008-y -
Nihon Ishinkin Gakkai Zasshi = Japanese... 2003We report two cases of tinea capitis by Microsporum (M) ferrugineum. A two year old boy (case 1) visited our hospital 3 months after his return from Myanmar. About a...
We report two cases of tinea capitis by Microsporum (M) ferrugineum. A two year old boy (case 1) visited our hospital 3 months after his return from Myanmar. About a year later, we observed the same symptom on the scalp of his mother (case 2). In both cases itraconazole was effective clinically and mycologically. In Japan, although M. ferrugineum was the most common organism of tinea capitis before the 1960s, no cases of tinea are found caused by this species nowdays. We believe these cases to have been infected in Myanmar, and suggest the possibility that tinea caused by M. ferrugineum may become a re-emergent infection or an imported fungal disease in Japan.
Topics: Adult; Antifungal Agents; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Itraconazole; Male; Microsporum; Myanmar; Tinea Capitis
PubMed: 12913810
DOI: 10.3314/jjmm.44.203 -
The Veterinary Record Nov 2000Specimens of hoof horn from 187 horses were examined for a possible relationship between clinically affected hooves and the occurrence of pathogenic fungi. Specimens...
Specimens of hoof horn from 187 horses were examined for a possible relationship between clinically affected hooves and the occurrence of pathogenic fungi. Specimens were taken from the coronary band and from the stratum externum and medium of the coronary horn and transferred on to Sabouraud dextrose agar, with and without cycloheximide, and incubated at 28 degrees C. Dermatophytes and mould fungi were identified by their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. The 732 isolates could be assigned to 26 species of moulds, two different species of the dermatophyte Microsporum and three different species of the dermatophyte Trichophyton. Depending on their pathogenic potential they were assigned to three groups: (i) fungi known to be keratinopathogenic (Acremonium blochii, Alternaria alternata, Alternaria chlamydospora, Geotrichum candidum, Microsporum ferrugineum, Microsporum gypseum, Scopulariopsis brevicaulis, Trichophyton species, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton schönleinii, 57 isolates), (ii) a group of uncertain pathogenicity (223 isolates), and (iii) a group of non-pathogenic species (452 isolates). Eighty per cent of the samples from horses with hoof horn lesions and 66.7 per cent of the samples from horses with slightly affected hoof horn contained fungi of the keratinopathogenic group, whereas only 8.9 per cent of the samples from horses with healthy hoof horn contained fungi of this group. There were no significant correlations between the clinical data and the age, sex or breed of the horses or their bedding and hygiene. Twelve species of fungi were isolated from the air in the horses' stables, but none of them belonged to the keratinopathogenic group.
Topics: Animals; Dermatomycoses; Foot Diseases; Fungi; Hoof and Claw; Horse Diseases; Horses
PubMed: 11128074
DOI: 10.1136/vr.147.22.619 -
Annales de Dermatologie Et de... 2000Mycetoma is a chronic subcutaneous tumefaction with presence of grains or granules. Etiological agents include bacteria or filamentous fungi. Mycetoma due to...
BACKGROUND
Mycetoma is a chronic subcutaneous tumefaction with presence of grains or granules. Etiological agents include bacteria or filamentous fungi. Mycetoma due to dermatophytes is uncommon, mainly occurring in Africa. To our knowledge, no case has been reported in the West Indies. Only two observations of Micosporum canis mycetoma in humans have been reported in the literature. We report a third case of mycetoma of the scalp caused by this fungus.
CASE REPORT
A 22-year-old woman from Martinique, French West Indies, presented with an indolent tumefaction of the scalp evolving over five years. She had mental retardation due to congenital adrenal hyperplasia with 21-hydroxylase deficiency. The lesion was extracted surgically. Pathology and mycology examinations showed features of Microsporum canis mycetoma. Two months later, the scalp lesion recurred and the patient was treated with griseofulvin after surgical extraction.
DISCUSSION
Mycetoma due to dermatophytes is very uncommon, mainly observed on the scalp and nape of the neck. A history of a skin lesion is frequent, leading to transcutaneous penetration of the fungus and mycetoma formation. Several dermatophyte species have been identified as causal agents (Microsporum ferrugineum, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton verrucosum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Microsporum audouinii, Microsporum langeronii). Microsporum canis is rarely demonstrated in humans: two cases in children in Africa and Australia. Our observation was similar to the two cases in the literature: indolent and mobile tumefaction of the scalp, in a child or young adult, suggestive of lipoma or epidermal cyst, with excision leading to diagnosis. Association with tinea capitis and skin or nail involvement can also be observed.
Topics: Adult; Dermatomycoses; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Martinique; Microsporum; Mycetoma; Scalp; Scalp Dermatoses
PubMed: 11011164
DOI: No ID Found -
Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift... May 1999Several weeks before coming to Germany the two daughters (aged 3 and 6 years) of a family from Togo had developed desquamating skin changes over the hairy scalp. These...
HISTORY AND FINDINGS
Several weeks before coming to Germany the two daughters (aged 3 and 6 years) of a family from Togo had developed desquamating skin changes over the hairy scalp. These had then spread to the trunk and limbs. The 8-weeks-old son also had discrete lesions on the hairy scalp and neck. In all of them these lesions had then spread and begun to itch markedly. When first seen as out-patients the father was free of symptoms, but the other members of the family had multiple, sharply circumscribed, partly confluent, dry and desquamating lesions, about 2-4 cm in diameter, with areas of alopecia and hair breaking off at skin level. In addition there were dry, desquamating, sharply circumscribed, partly hyperpigmented, partly infiltrated plaques, 1-3 cm in diameter, disseminated over the entire body surface, but especially the neck and limbs.
INVESTIGATIONS
Typical micromorphological characteristics for T. soudanese were demonstrated in the outer zones of a primary culture and the organism was also demonstrated in culture on Sabouraud-glucose-agar. Typical colonies on Löwenstein-Jensen medium allowed differentiation from Microsporum ferrugineum.
TREATMENT AND COURSE
The patients were treated systemically with griseofulvin and locally with ciclopiroxolamine. Marked clinical improvement occurred within 2 months and cultures became negative. But as fungal elements were still demonstrated in native preparations from two of the patients, treatment was continued.
CONCLUSION
Efficacious treatment of tinea needs reliable diagnosis of the pathogen. Human infection with T. soudanese usually results from contact with other humans. If this infection occurs in persons not from Africa there is usually the history of indirect or direct contact with Africans. Increased international migration and tourism is likely to result in more cases of this kind: this pathogen should be considered in the differential diagnosis of tinea of scalp and body.
Topics: Adult; Antifungal Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Ciclopirox; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Therapy, Combination; Family; Female; Germany; Griseofulvin; Humans; Infant; Male; Pyridones; Tinea; Tinea Capitis; Togo; Transients and Migrants; Trichophyton
PubMed: 10365177
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1024373 -
Mycopathologia 1996There was an outbreak of Tinea capitis at the Pak-kred Home for Mentally and Physically Handicapped Babies, Bangkok, Thailand in 1993. One hundred and thirty-eight cases...
There was an outbreak of Tinea capitis at the Pak-kred Home for Mentally and Physically Handicapped Babies, Bangkok, Thailand in 1993. One hundred and thirty-eight cases were diagnosed as tinea capitis based on clinical signs and positive laboratory investigations. The results of Wood's light examination, KOH preparation and fungal culture were positive in 89.9, 75.9 and 27.4% respectively. The non-inflammatory form had a higher rate of positive KOH and culture than in the inflammatory form. Microsporum ferrugineum was the major pathogen (66.7%) and most of its infections (80.4%) caused a non-inflammatory type of tinea capitis. Griseofulvin, in a dosage of 10-15 mg/kg/day and selenium sulfide shampoos, yielded an 84.8% cure rate within 14.9 weeks. No recurrence or obvious adverse reactions were observed.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross Infection; Disease Outbreaks; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Microsporum; Residential Facilities; Thailand; Tinea Capitis
PubMed: 9066157
DOI: 10.1007/BF00632337 -
The British Journal of Dermatology Dec 1993A 25-year-old man presented with several prominent subcutaneous masses in the occipital region of the scalp. He had a long history of tinea capitis and tinea corporis...
A 25-year-old man presented with several prominent subcutaneous masses in the occipital region of the scalp. He had a long history of tinea capitis and tinea corporis infection. Histopathology of the occipital lesions showed mycelial aggregates in the deep dermis and subcutis. Cultures of the excised material and superficial scales grew a fungus identified as Microsporum ferrugineum. We propose the term 'dermatophyte pseudomycetoma' to describe this distinctive mycosis.
Topics: Adult; Dermatomycoses; Humans; Male; Microsporum; Scalp Dermatoses; Tinea Capitis
PubMed: 8286261
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb03342.x -
International Journal of Dermatology Mar 1991The causative dermatophytic species of tinea capitis were identified in 91 patients in Qatar. Microsporum canis was the most common isolated organism (86.81%) followed...
The causative dermatophytic species of tinea capitis were identified in 91 patients in Qatar. Microsporum canis was the most common isolated organism (86.81%) followed by Microsporum ferrugineum and Trichophyton violaceum. A gray patch type of tinea capitis was the predominant presentation (87.91%), and the disease was more prevalent among Qatari boys.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Domestic; Cats; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Microsporum; Qatar; Tinea Capitis; Trichophyton
PubMed: 2037406
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4362.1991.tb03852.x -
Revista Cubana de Medicina Tropical 1989A mycologic study of skin lesions in a patient with Tines corporia was made. A fungus with a strong yellow stain color was isolated and classified as Microsporum...
A mycologic study of skin lesions in a patient with Tines corporia was made. A fungus with a strong yellow stain color was isolated and classified as Microsporum ferrugineum, a species isolated in our country for the first time.
Topics: Cuba; Culture Media; Dermatomycoses; Female; Humans; Microsporum; Tinea
PubMed: 2486225
DOI: No ID Found