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Health Science Reports Jun 2024Lung cancer is ranked as the second most prevalent form of cancer worldwide. Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents the predominant histological subtype. Research...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Lung cancer is ranked as the second most prevalent form of cancer worldwide. Nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents the predominant histological subtype. Research suggests that one-third of lung cancer patients also experiencing depression. Antidepressants play an indispensable role in the management of NSCLC. Despite significant advancements in treatment, lung cancer patients still face a high mortality rate. Major depressive disorder (MDD) and related antidepressants involved in treatment efficacy and prognosis of NSCLC. However, there has been a lack of screening and analysis regarding genes and networks associated with both NSCLC and MDD.
METHODS
To investigate the correlation between MDD and NSCLC, our discovery and validation analysis included four datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database from NSCLC or MDD. Differential gene expression (DEGs) analysis, GO and KEGG Pathway, and protein-protein interaction network analyzes to identify hub genes, networks, and associated observations link between MDD and NSCLC.
RESULTS
The analysis of two datasets yielded a total of 84 downregulated and 52 upregulated DEGs. Pathway enrichment analyzes indicated that co-upregulated genes were enriched in the regulation of positive regulation of cellular development, collagen-containing extracellular matrix (ECM), cytokine binding, and axon guidance. We identified 20 key genes, which were further analyzed using the MCODE plugin to identify two core subnetworks. The integration of functionally similar genes provided valuable insights into the potential involvement of these hub genes in diverse biological processes including angiogenesis humoral immune response regulation inflammatory response organization ECM network.
CONCLUSION
We have identified a total of 136 DEGs that participate in multiple biological signaling pathways. A total of 20 hub genes have demonstrated robust associations, potentially indicating novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for both diseases.
PubMed: 38933422
DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.2167 -
BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 2024Implementation of injury prevention exercise programmes (IPEPs) in sports is challenging, and behaviour change among players and coaches is essential for success. The...
Players are positive regarding injury prevention exercise programmes, but coaches need ongoing support: a survey-based evaluation using the Health Action Process Approach model across one season in amateur and youth football.
OBJECTIVES
Implementation of injury prevention exercise programmes (IPEPs) in sports is challenging, and behaviour change among players and coaches is essential for success. The aim was to describe players' and coaches' motivation and coaches' goal pursuit when using IPEPs in amateur and youth football across a season. A secondary aim was to describe players' motivation to engage in IPEP use in relation to presence or absence of injury.
METHODS
The study was based on questionnaires to amateur and youth, male and female football players and coaches at baseline, mid-season and post-season in a three-armed randomised trial in 2020 in Sweden. Questionnaires were based on the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) model with questions about the motivational phase when intention for change is created (players and coaches) and a goal-pursuit phase when intention is translated into action (coaches).
RESULTS
In total, 455 players (126 male), mean age 20.1 years (SD±5.8, range 14-46) and 59 (52 male) coaches took part. Players generally gave positive answers in the HAPA motivational phase (Likert 6-7 on a 1-7 Likert scale). Differences in ratings between injured and uninjured players were minor. Coaches had positive or neutral ratings (Likert 4-6) in the motivational and goal-pursuit phases. Ratings deteriorated across the season, with less positive responses from 40% of players and 38-46% of coaches post-season.
CONCLUSION
Positive ratings in the HAPA motivational phase indicated fertile ground for IPEP use. Neutral ratings by coaches and deterioration across the season in players and coaches suggest a need for ongoing support for IPEP use.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
NCT04272047.
PubMed: 38933370
DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2024-002009 -
Viruses May 2024People living with HIV-HCV co-infection comprise a target group for HCV-micro-elimination. We conducted an HCV cascade of care (CoC) for HIV-HCV co-infected individuals...
People living with HIV-HCV co-infection comprise a target group for HCV-micro-elimination. We conducted an HCV cascade of care (CoC) for HIV-HCV co-infected individuals living in Greece and investigated factors associated with different HCV-CoC stages. We analyzed data from 1213 participants from the Athens Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. A seven-stage CoC, overall and by subgroup (people who inject drugs (PWID), men having sex with men (MSM), men having sex with women (MSW), and migrants], was constructed, spanning from HCV diagnosis to sustained virologic response (SVR). Logistic/Cox regression models were employed to identify factors associated with passing through each CoC step. Among 1213 anti-HCV-positive individuals, 9.2% died before direct-acting antiviral (DAA) availability. PWID exhibited higher mortality rates than MSM. Of 1101 survivors, 72.2% remained in care and underwent HCV-RNA testing. Migrants and PWID showed the lowest retention rates. HCV-RNA was available for 79.2% of those in care, with 77.8% diagnosed with chronic HCV. Subsequently, 71% initiated DAAs, with individuals with very low CD4 counts (<100 cells/μL) exhibiting lower odds of DAA initiation. SVR testing was available for 203 individuals, with 85.7% achieving SVR. The SVR rates did not differ across risk groups. In 2023, significant gaps and between-group differences persisted in HCV-CoC among HIV-HCV co-infected individuals in Greece.
Topics: Humans; HIV Infections; Male; Female; Coinfection; Antiviral Agents; Adult; Greece; Middle Aged; Hepatitis C; Hepacivirus; Sustained Virologic Response; Homosexuality, Male; Hepatitis C, Chronic; Cohort Studies; Sexual and Gender Minorities
PubMed: 38932178
DOI: 10.3390/v16060885 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2024Melon ( L.) is a globally grown crop renowned for its juice and flavor. Despite growth in production, the melon industry faces several challenges owing to a wide range... (Review)
Review
Melon ( L.) is a globally grown crop renowned for its juice and flavor. Despite growth in production, the melon industry faces several challenges owing to a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses throughout the growth and development of melon. The aim of the review article is to consolidate current knowledge on the genetic mechanism of both biotic and abiotic stress in melon, facilitating the development of robust, disease-resistant melon varieties. A comprehensive literature review was performed, focusing on recent genetic and molecular advancements related to biotic and abiotic stress responses in melons. The review emphasizes the identification and analysis of quantitative trait loci (QTLs), functional genes, and molecular markers in two sections. The initial section provides a comprehensive summary of the QTLs and major and minor functional genes, and the establishment of molecular markers associated with biotic (viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens, and nematodes) and abiotic stress (cold/chilling, drought, salt, and toxic compounds). The latter section briefly outlines the molecular markers employed to facilitate marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC) and identify cultivars resistant to biotic and abiotic stressors, emphasizing their relevance in strategic marker-assisted melon breeding. These insights could guide the incorporation of specific traits, culminating in developing novel varieties, equipped to withstand diseases and environmental stresses by targeted breeding, that meet both consumer preferences and the needs of melon breeders.
Topics: Cucumis melo; Stress, Physiological; Plant Breeding; Quantitative Trait Loci; Genetic Markers; Disease Resistance; Plant Diseases
PubMed: 38928017
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126307 -
Biology May 2024Mitochondria, essential organelles orchestrating cellular metabolism, have emerged as central players in various disease pathologies. Recent research has shed light on... (Review)
Review
Mitochondria, essential organelles orchestrating cellular metabolism, have emerged as central players in various disease pathologies. Recent research has shed light on mitohormesis, a concept proposing an adaptive response of mitochondria to minor disturbances in homeostasis, offering novel therapeutic avenues for mitochondria-related diseases. This comprehensive review explores the concept of mitohormesis, elucidating its induction mechanisms and occurrence. Intracellular molecules like reactive oxygen species (ROS), calcium, mitochondrial unfolded proteins (UPRmt), and integrated stress response (ISR), along with external factors such as hydrogen sulfide (HS), physical stimuli, and exercise, play pivotal roles in regulating mitohormesis. Based on the available evidence, we elucidate how mitohormesis maintains mitochondrial homeostasis through mechanisms like mitochondrial quality control and mitophagy. Furthermore, the regulatory role of mitohormesis in mitochondria-related diseases is discussed. By envisioning future applications, this review underscores the significance of mitohormesis as a potential therapeutic target, paving the way for innovative interventions in disease management.
PubMed: 38927274
DOI: 10.3390/biology13060394 -
Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi Jun 2024To investigate the efficacy and safety of a treatment regimen based on daratumumab in patients with high-risk relapsed refractory multiple myeloma(MM) with mSMART 3.0...
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the efficacy and safety of a treatment regimen based on daratumumab in patients with high-risk relapsed refractory multiple myeloma(MM) with mSMART 3.0 score.
METHODS
Clinical data were collected from 16 patients with mSMART3.0 score high-risk relapsed refractory MM treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from May 2020 to May 2023, all of whom received daltezumab-based regimen (regimen drugs including dexamethasone, isazomib, bortezomib, lenalidomide). The efficacy and safety of the treatment were retrospectively analyzed.
RESULTS
The median age of 16 patients was 63.5 (47-70) years old, including 10 cases of IgG type, 2 cases of IgA type, and 4 cases of light chain type. The curative efficacy was judged in all 16 patients, with an overall response rate of 93.75% (15/16), including 4 cases of strict complete remission (sCR), 1 case of complete remission (CR), 2 case of very good partial remission (VGPR), partial remission (PR) in 5 cases, and minor remission (MR) in 3 cases. The median follow-up time was 11(2-30) months, and the median progression-free survival and median overall survival were not achieved in 16 patients at the median follow-up period. The hematologic adverse effects of the treatment regimen using daratumumab-based were mainly neutropenia, and the non-hematologic adverse effects were mainly infusion-related adverse reactions and infections.
CONCLUSION
Daratumumab-based regimen for the treatment of relapsed refractory MM patients with high risk of mSMART3.0 score has better efficacy and safety.
Topics: Humans; Multiple Myeloma; Middle Aged; Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Male; Retrospective Studies; Female; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Dexamethasone; Treatment Outcome; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Lenalidomide; Bortezomib
PubMed: 38926966
DOI: 10.19746/j.cnki.issn.1009-2137.2024.03.018 -
AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology Jun 2024Radiographic assessment plays a crucial role in the management of patients with central nervous system (CNS) tumors, aiding in treatment planning and evaluation of... (Review)
Review
Radiographic assessment plays a crucial role in the management of patients with central nervous system (CNS) tumors, aiding in treatment planning and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy by quantifying response. Recently, an updated version of the Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria (RANO 2.0) was developed to improve upon prior criteria and provide an updated, standardized framework for assessing treatment response in clinical trials for gliomas in adults. This article provides an overview of significant updates to the criteria including (1) the use of a unified set of criteria for high and low grade gliomas in adults; (2) the use of the post-radiotherapy MRI scan as the baseline for evaluation in newly diagnosed high-grade gliomas; (3) the option for the trial to mandate a confirmation scan to more reliably distinguish pseudoprogression from tumor progression; (4) the option of using volumetric tumor measurements; and (5) the removal of subjective non-enhancing tumor evaluations in predominantly enhancing gliomas (except for specific therapeutic modalities). Step-by-step pragmatic guidance is hereby provided for the neuroradiologist and imaging core lab involved in operationalization and technical execution of RANO 2.0 in clinical trials, including the display of representative cases and in-depth discussion of challenging scenarios.ABBREVIATIONS: BTIP = Brain Tumor Imaging Protocol; CE = Contrast-Enhancing; CNS = Central Nervous System; CR = Complete Response; ECOG = Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; HGG = High-Grade Glioma; IDH = Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; IRF = Independent Radiologic Facility; LGG = Low-Grade Glioma; KPS = Karnofsky Performance Status; MR = Minor Response; mRANO = Modified RANO; NANO = Neurological Assessment in Neuro-Oncology; ORR = Objective Response Rate; OS = Overall Survival; PD = Progressive Disease; PFS = Progression-Free Survival; PR = Partial Response; PsP = Pseudoprogression; RANO = Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology; RECIST = Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors; RT = Radiation Therapy; SD = Stable Disease; Tx = Treatment.
PubMed: 38926092
DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A8396 -
BMJ Open Jun 2024Digital competencies are essential for nurses to actively participate in the digitisation of healthcare systems. Therefore, it is important to assess their skill levels...
INTRODUCTION
Digital competencies are essential for nurses to actively participate in the digitisation of healthcare systems. Therefore, it is important to assess their skill levels to identify strengths and areas for improvement.
METHOD AND ANALYSIS
This study aims to investigate nurses' knowledge, attitudes, behaviours, subjective norms and behavioural control regarding digital health. A knowledge-attitude-practice model guided the development of a structured questionnaire divided into six sections. A sample of 480 registered nurses of Naples will be involved in the study. After conducting a pretest, an invitation will be publicised through the institutional communication channels of Nurses Provincial Order of Naples. Nurses will respond via a unique link or quick response code sent through a PEC email system (a legally valid email system, which guarantees delivery and receipt). They will have 30 days to complete the survey, scheduled between .
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION
No ethics committee approval was required, as the study does not involve minors, direct or indirect physical or physiological harm to participants, or clinical trials. Anonymity will be guaranteed at all data collection and processing levels. The results will be broadly distributed through conference presentations and peer-reviewed publications. The effective use of digital technologies by healthcare professionals can bring significant improvements to healthcare services and help improve the health of individuals and community health. The study's findings will serve as a foundation for developing and implementing educational programmes related to eHealth and telemedicine, promoting the harmonisation of such programmes.
Topics: Humans; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Surveys and Questionnaires; Nurses; Attitude of Health Personnel; Italy; Research Design; Telemedicine; Digital Health
PubMed: 38925700
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081721 -
Plant Biology (Stuttgart, Germany) Jun 2024YABBY genes encode specific TFs of seed plants involved in development and formation of leaves, flowers, and fruit. In the present work, genome-wide and expression...
YABBY genes encode specific TFs of seed plants involved in development and formation of leaves, flowers, and fruit. In the present work, genome-wide and expression analyses of the YABBY gene family were performed in six species of the Fragaria genus: Fragaria × ananassa, F. daltoniana, F. nilgerrensis, F. pentaphylla, F. viridis, and F. vesca. The chromosomal location, synteny pattern, gene structure, and phylogenetic analyses were carried out. By combining RNA-seq data and RT-qPCR analysis we explored specific expression of YABBYs in F. × ananassa and F. vesca. We also analysed the promoter regions of FaYABBYs and performed MeJA application to F. × ananassa fruit to observe effects on gene expression. We identified and characterized 25 YABBY genes in F. × ananassa and six in each of the other five species, which belong to FIL/YAB3 (YABBY1), YAB2 (YABBY2), YAB5 (YABBY5), CRC, and INO clades previously described. Division of the YABBY1 clade into YABBY1.1 and YABBY1.2 subclades is reported. We observed differential expression according to tissue, where some FaYABBYs are expressed mainly in leaves and flowers and to a minor extent during fruit development of F. × ananassa. Specifically, the FaINO genes contain jasmonate-responsive cis-acting elements in their promoters which may be functional since FaINOs are upregulated in F. × ananassa fruit under MeJA treatment. This study suggests that YABBY TFs play an important role in the development- and environment-associated responses of the Fragaria genus.
PubMed: 38924267
DOI: 10.1111/plb.13656 -
Veterinary Sciences Jun 2024Traditionally, non- staphylococci and mammaliicocci (NASM) were not considered significant players in bovine mastitis. This study investigated the involvement of NASM (...
Traditionally, non- staphylococci and mammaliicocci (NASM) were not considered significant players in bovine mastitis. This study investigated the involvement of NASM ( and ) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains () through bovine neutrophil responses. Bovine neutrophils displayed minimal apoptosis upon NASM and LAB challenge. Neutrophils expressed high TLR2 after challenge, but TLR6 expression varied and remained low in NASM pathogen recognition. Bovine neutrophils effectively engulfed and killed LAB, but their activity was significantly impaired against NASM. This was evident in , where reduced TLR6 recognition and a weakened phagocytic response likely contributed to a lower bactericidal effect. Regardless of the bacteria encountered, intracellular ROS production remained high. -challenged neutrophils displayed upregulation in genes for pathogen recognition (TLRs), ROS production, and both pro- and anti-apoptotic pathways. This response mirrored that of . except for and , suggesting these bacteria have divergent roles in triggering cell death. Our findings suggest that manipulates bovine neutrophil defenses through coordinated changes in functional responses and gene expression, while LAB strains have a weaker influence on apoptosis.
PubMed: 38922009
DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11060262