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Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 2024In this research paper, a vertical tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) structure containing a live metal strip and a material with low dielectric constant is designed,...
In this research paper, a vertical tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) structure containing a live metal strip and a material with low dielectric constant is designed, and its performance metrics are analyzed in detail. Low- SiO is incorporated in the channel-drain region. A live molybdenum metal strip with low work function is placed in a high- HfO layer in the source-channel region. The device is examined by the parameters , subthreshold swing, threshold voltage, and / ratio. The introduction of a live metal strip in the dielectric layer closer to the source-channel interface results in a minimum subthreshold slope and a good / ratio. The low- material at the drain reduces the gate-to-drain capacitance. Both the SiO layer and the live metal strip show excellent leakage current reduction to 1.4 × 10 A/μm. The design provides a subthreshold swing of 5 mV/decade, which is an excellent improvement in TFETs, an on-current of 1.00 × 10 A/μm, an / ratio of 7.14 × 10, and a threshold voltage of 0.28 V.
PubMed: 38919167
DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.15.59 -
Environmental Research Jun 2024Soil deterioration is a major cause of poor agricultural productivity, necessitating sufficient nutrient inputs like fertilizers and amendments for sustainable use. As...
Enhancement of root abscisic acid mediated osmotic regulation by macroalgal compounds promotes adaptability of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in response to progressive metal ion mediated environmental stress.
Soil deterioration is a major cause of poor agricultural productivity, necessitating sufficient nutrient inputs like fertilizers and amendments for sustainable use. As one such strategy, the current study evaluates the potential of Sargassum wightii, a brown seaweed extract, as an osmopriming agent to improve seed germination, early establishment, and competent seedling performances in acidic soil. The elemental makeup of seaweed extract (BS) showed that it included major plant macro (Potassium, Nitrogen and Phosphorous), as well as micronutrients (Magnesium and Iron) and trace elements (Zinc, Copper, and Molybdenum). While seed germination was impacted by H ion toxicity, seeds primed with BS emerged earlier and showed a higher germination percentage (98.2%) and energy (92.4%). BS treatments enhanced seedling growth by 63% and had a positive effect on root growth (68.2%) as well as increases in root surface area (10%) and volume (67.01%). Stressed seedlings had 76.39% and 63.2% less carotenoid and chlorophyll, respectively. In seedlings treated with BS, an increase in protein and Total Soluble Sugars content of 14.56 and 7.19%, respectively, was seen. Fourier Transform-Infra Red analysis of postharvest soil indicated improved soil health with absorbance corresponding to enhanced soil water holding capacity and organic matter. Increased abscisic acid synthesis rate and associated antioxidant enzyme system (Malondialdehyde, Glutathione peroxidases and ascorbate peroxidase) activation, along with enhanced H adenosine triphosphate-ase and glutathione activities, help ameliorate and deport H ions from cells, scavenge Reactive Oxygen Species, thus protecting cells from injury. Seaweed extract successfully reduced H-induced ion toxicities in rice by promoting their germination, physiological, metabolically, and growth parameters that could ultimately increase their productivity and yield in a sustainable and environmentally friendly manner.
PubMed: 38917933
DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119485 -
Applied Radiation and Isotopes :... Jun 2024The preparation of nanometer-thick molybdenum-99 (Mo) sources using the droplet deposition method was investigated. The quality of these prepared sources was analyzed...
The preparation of nanometer-thick molybdenum-99 (Mo) sources using the droplet deposition method was investigated. The quality of these prepared sources was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron Rutherford backscattering (ERBS) techniques, and Geant4 simulations. The emitted electrons resulting from the β-decay of the prepared Mo sources, with energies below 2.2 keV, were measured and compared with existing literature data as well as the results obtained from our in-house Monte-Carlo model, BrIccEmis.
PubMed: 38917620
DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111405 -
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Jun 2024Metal halide perovskite materials with excellent carrier transport properties have been regarded as a new class of catalysts with great application potential. However,...
Metal halide perovskite materials with excellent carrier transport properties have been regarded as a new class of catalysts with great application potential. However, their development is hampered by their instability in polar solvents and high temperatures. Herein, we report a solution-processed CsMoCl perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) capped with the Mo, showing high thermostability in polar solvents. Furthermore, the Pd single atoms (PdSA) can be anchored on the surface of CsMoCl NCs through the unique coordination structure of Pd-Cl sites, which exhibit excellent semihydrogenation of different alkyne derivatives with high selectivity at full conversion at room temperature. Moreover, the activity could be improved greatly under Xe lamp irradiation. Detailed experimental characterization and DFT calculations indicate the improved activity under light illumination is due to the synergistic effect of photo-to-heat conversion and photoinduced electron transfer from CsMoCl to PdSA, which facilitates the activation of the C≡C group. This work not only provides a new catalyst for high selective semihydrogenation of alkyne derivatives but also opens a new avenue for metal halides as photothermal catalysts.
PubMed: 38917413
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05157 -
Microbiology Spectrum Jun 2024All sulfur transfer pathways have generally a l-cysteine desulfurase as an initial sulfur-mobilizing enzyme in common, which serves as a sulfur donor for the...
All sulfur transfer pathways have generally a l-cysteine desulfurase as an initial sulfur-mobilizing enzyme in common, which serves as a sulfur donor for the biosynthesis of numerous sulfur-containing biomolecules in the cell. In , the housekeeping l-cysteine desulfurase IscS has several interaction partners, which bind at different sites of the protein. So far, the interaction sites of IscU, Fdx, CyaY, and IscX involved in iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster assembly have been mapped, in addition to TusA, which is required for molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis and mnmsU34 tRNA modifications, and ThiI, which is involved in thiamine biosynthesis and sU8 tRNA modifications. Previous studies predicted that the sulfur acceptor proteins bind to IscS one at a time. TusA has, however, been suggested to be involved in Fe-S cluster assembly, as fewer Fe-S clusters were detected in a mutant. The basis for this reduction in Fe-S cluster content is unknown. In this work, we investigated the role of TusA in iron-sulfur cluster assembly and iron homeostasis. We show that the absence of TusA reduces the translation of , thereby leading to pleiotropic cellular effects, which we dissect in detail in this study.IMPORTANCEIron-sulfur clusters are evolutionarily ancient prosthetic groups. The ferric uptake regulator plays a major role in controlling the expression of iron homeostasis genes in bacteria. We show that a mutant is impaired in the assembly of Fe-S clusters and accumulates iron. TusA, therefore, reduces mRNA translation leading to pleiotropic cellular effects.
PubMed: 38916309
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00556-24 -
ACS Nano Jun 2024Hafnia-based ferroelectric (FE) thin films are promising candidates for semiconductor memories. However, a fundamental challenge that persists is the lack of...
Hafnia-based ferroelectric (FE) thin films are promising candidates for semiconductor memories. However, a fundamental challenge that persists is the lack of understanding regarding dimensional scaling, including thickness scaling and area scaling, of the functional properties and their heterogeneity in these films. In this work, excellent ferroelectricity and switching endurance are demonstrated in 4 nm-thick HfZrO (HZO) capacitors with molybdenum electrodes in capacitors as small as 65 nm × 45 nm in size. The HZO layer in these capacitors can be crystallized into the ferroelectric orthorhombic phase at the low temperature of 400 °C, making them compatible for back-end-of-line (BEOL) FE memories. With the benefits of thickness scaling, low operation voltage (1.2 V) is achieved with high endurance (>10 cycles); however, a significant fatigue regime is noted. We observed that the bottom electrode, rather than the top electrode, plays a dominant role in the thickness scaling of HZO ferroelectric behavior. Furthermore, ultrahigh switched polarization (remanent polarization 2 ∼ 108 μC cm) is observed in some nanoscale devices. This study advances the understanding of dimensional scaling effects in HZO capacitors for high-performance FE memories.
PubMed: 38916257
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01992 -
ACS Nano Jun 2024Several fabrication methods have been developed for label-free detection in various fields. However, fabricating high-density and highly ordered nanoscale architectures...
Several fabrication methods have been developed for label-free detection in various fields. However, fabricating high-density and highly ordered nanoscale architectures by using soluble processes remains a challenge. Herein, we report a biosensing platform that integrates deep learning with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), featuring large-area, close-packed three-dimensional (3D) architectures of molybdenum disulfide (MoS)-assisted gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for the on-site screening of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) using human tears. Some AuNPs are spontaneously synthesized without a reducing agent because the electrons induced on the semiconductor surface reduce gold ions when the Fermi level of MoS and the gold electrolyte reach equilibrium. With the addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone, a two-dimensional large-area MoS layer assisted in the formation of close-packed 3D multistacked AuNP structures, resembling electroless plating. This platform, with a convolutional neural network-based deep learning model, achieved outstanding SERS performance at subterascale levels despite the microlevel irradiation power and millisecond-level acquisition time and accurately assessed susceptibility to COVID-19. These results suggest that our platform has the potential for rapid, low-damage, and high-throughput label-free detection of exceedingly low analyte concentrations.
PubMed: 38913718
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00978 -
The Journal of Chemical Physics Jun 2024We present the ab initio thermoelastic properties of body-centered cubic molybdenum under extreme conditions obtained within the quasi-harmonic approximation including...
We present the ab initio thermoelastic properties of body-centered cubic molybdenum under extreme conditions obtained within the quasi-harmonic approximation including both the vibrational and electronic thermal excitation contributions to the free energy. The quasi-harmonic temperature-dependent elastic constants are calculated and compared with existing experiments and with the quasi-static approximation. We find that the quasi-harmonic approximation allows for a much better interpretation of the experimental data, confirming the trend found previously in other metals. Using the Voigt-Reuss-Hill average, we predict the compressional and shear sound velocities of polycrystalline molybdenum as a function of pressure for several temperatures, which might be accessible in experiments.
PubMed: 38912677
DOI: 10.1063/5.0212162 -
Spectrochimica Acta. Part A, Molecular... Jun 2024Molybdenum disulfide (MoS) quantum dots (QDs) based therapeutic approaches hold great promise for biomedical applications, necessitating a thorough evaluation of their...
Molybdenum disulfide (MoS) quantum dots (QDs) based therapeutic approaches hold great promise for biomedical applications, necessitating a thorough evaluation of their potential effects on biological systems. In this study, we systematically investigated the impact of MoS QDs coated with 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[amino(polyethyleneglycol)-2000](DPSE-PEG) linked with (3-carboxypropyl)triphenyl-phosphonium-bromide (TPP) on molecular structures of hepatic tissue lipids and proteins through a multifaceted analysis. The DSPE-PEG-TPP-MoS QDs were prepared and administered to the mice daily for 7 weeks. Liver tissues were subjected to a comprehensive examination using various techniques, including Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, and liver function tests. FTIR revealed subtle changes in the lipid composition of liver tissues, indicating potential modifications in the cell membrane structure. Also, the (CH stretching and amides I and II regions) analysis unveiled tiny alterations in lipid chain length and fluidity without changes in the protein structures, suggesting a minor influence of DSPE-PEG-TPP-MoS QDs on the liver's cellular membrane and no effect on the protein structures. Further scrutiny using UV-vis spectroscopy demonstrated that DSPE-PEG-TPP-MoS QDs had no discernible impact on the absorbance intensities of aromatic amino acids and the Soret band. This observation implies that the treatment with SPE-PEG-TPP-MoS QDs did not induce significant alterations in helical conformation or the microenvironment surrounding prosthetic groups in liver tissues. The liver function tests, including ALP, ALT, AST, and BIL levels, revealed no statistically significant changes in these key biomarkers despite minor fluctuations in their values, indicating a lack of significant liver dysfunction. This study provides a detailed understanding of the effects of DSPE-PEG-TPP-MoS QDs on hepatic lipids and proteins, offering valuable insights into the biocompatibility and limited impact on the molecular and functional aspects of the liver tissue. These findings could be essential for the application of MoS QDs-based therapies.
PubMed: 38906057
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124675 -
Biomaterials Advances Jun 2024Chronic refractory wounds caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial and biofilm infections are a substantial threat to human health, which presents a persistent...
Molybdenum disulfide nanosheets based non-oxygen-dependent and heat-initiated free radical nanogenerator with antimicrobial peptides for antimicrobial, biofilm ablation and wound healing.
Chronic refractory wounds caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial and biofilm infections are a substantial threat to human health, which presents a persistent challenge in managing clinical wound care. We here synthesized a composite nanosheet AIPH/AMP/MoS, which can potentially be used for combined therapy because of the photothermal effect induced by MoS, its ability to deliver antimicrobial peptides, and its ability to generate alkyl free radicals independent of oxygen. The synthesized nanosheets exhibited 61 % near-infrared (NIR) photothermal conversion efficiency, marked photothermal stability and free radical generating ability. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the composite nanosheets against MDR Escherichia coli (MDR E. coli) and MDR Staphylococcus aureus (MDR S. aureus) were approximately 38 μg/mL and 30 μg/mL, respectively. The composite nanosheets (150 μg/mL) effectively ablated >85 % of the bacterial biofilm under 808-nm NIR irradiation for 6 min. In the wound model experiment, approximately 90 % of the wound healed after the 4-day treatment with the composite nanosheets. The hemolysis experiment, mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEFs) cytotoxicity experiment, and mouse wound healing experiment all unveiled the excellent biocompatibility of the composite nanosheets. According to the transcriptome analysis, the composite nanosheets primarily exerted a synergistic therapeutic effect by disrupting the cellular membrane function of S. aureus and inhibiting quorum sensing mediated by the two-component system. Thus, the synthesized composite nanosheets exhibit remarkable antibacterial and biofilm ablation properties and therefore can be used to improve wound healing in chronic biofilm infections.
PubMed: 38901063
DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213920