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Epidemiology and Infection Apr 2024This paper retrospectively analysed the prevalence of macrolide-resistant (MRMP) in some parts of China. Between January 2013 and December 2019, we collected 4,145...
This paper retrospectively analysed the prevalence of macrolide-resistant (MRMP) in some parts of China. Between January 2013 and December 2019, we collected 4,145 respiratory samples, including pharyngeal swabs and alveolar lavage fluid. The highest PCR-positive rate of M. pneumoniae was 74.5% in Beijing, the highest resistance rate was 100% in Shanghai, and Gansu was the lowest with 20%. The highest PCR-positive rate of was 74.5% in 2013, and the highest MRMP was 97.4% in 2019; the PCR-positive rate of for adults in Beijing was 17.9% and the MRMP was 10.48%. Among the children diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), the PCR-positive and macrolide-resistant rates of were both higher in the severe ones. A2063G in domain V of 23S rRNA was the major macrolide-resistant mutation, accounting for more than 90%. The MIC values of all MRMP to erythromycin and azithromycin were ≥ 64 μg/ml, and the MICs of tetracycline and levofloxacin were ≤ 0.5 μg/ml and ≤ 1 μg/ml, respectively. The macrolide resistance varied in different regions and years. Among inpatients, the macrolide-resistant rate was higher in severe pneumonia. A2063G was the common mutation, and we found no resistance to tetracycline and levofloxacin.
Topics: Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Humans; China; Macrolides; Retrospective Studies; Child; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Child, Preschool; Adolescent; Adult; Female; Male; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Middle Aged; Young Adult; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Aged; Infant; Prevalence; RNA, Ribosomal, 23S; Aged, 80 and over
PubMed: 38634450
DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824000323 -
BMJ Case Reports Apr 2024We report the case of a young, immunocompetent, non-pregnant woman diagnosed with acute abdomen 3 weeks after an ultrasound-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval (TVOR)....
We report the case of a young, immunocompetent, non-pregnant woman diagnosed with acute abdomen 3 weeks after an ultrasound-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval (TVOR). Peritoneal fluid, obtained during exploratory laparoscopy, yielded as the sole pathogen. The patient's symptoms and signs improved after 24-hour treatment with intravenous clindamycin, ampicillin and gentamycin. Complete resolution was achieved with oral doxycycline for 14 days.
Topics: Female; Humans; Mycoplasma hominis; Oocyte Donation; Doxycycline; Clindamycin; Peritonitis; Mycoplasma Infections
PubMed: 38627052
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2023-257835 -
Folia Microbiologica Jun 2024Following the COVID-19 infection, the sternum dislocation and wound dehiscence resulted in an infection complicating the recovery of an immunosuppressed patient after...
Following the COVID-19 infection, the sternum dislocation and wound dehiscence resulted in an infection complicating the recovery of an immunosuppressed patient after bilateral lung transplantation. Anaerobic culture (96 h) of milky cloudy wound secretion resulted in the growth of pinpoint haemolytic colonies identified as Metamycoplasma hominis (formerly Mycoplasma hominis). The search for the endogenous source of the infection found the bacterium exclusively in the patient's sputum, making a possible link to donor lung M. hominis colonization. Unfortunately, the donor samples were no longer available. The wound infection was successfully treated with 17 days of clindamycin despite the continuous PCR detection of M. hominis in the sputum after the end of the treatment.
Topics: Humans; Lung Transplantation; Surgical Wound Infection; Mycoplasma hominis; Mycoplasma Infections; Male; COVID-19; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Sputum; Middle Aged; SARS-CoV-2; Immunocompromised Host; Clindamycin
PubMed: 38625660
DOI: 10.1007/s12223-024-01160-5 -
Clinical Laboratory Apr 2024Ureaplasma urealyticum (U. urealyticum) commonly occurs in female genitourinary infections, and its different biovars and serotypes have varying degrees of resistance to...
BACKGROUND
Ureaplasma urealyticum (U. urealyticum) commonly occurs in female genitourinary infections, and its different biovars and serotypes have varying degrees of resistance to different antibiotics. This study aimed to ex-plore the characteristics of U. urealyticum infection and drug-resistant profiles in Chinese females.
METHODS
We included 1,045 females with genital tract infections who visited Tangshan Workers' Hospital and Tangshan Maternal and Child Health Center from September 2017 to December 2018. The bacteria were selectively cultured, and drug sensitivity experiments were conducted. Eight pairs of oligonucleotide primers were designed, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify specific DNA fragments to perform bacterial strain typing.
RESULTS
Among the 1,045 participants included, 566 (54.11%) participants were positive for mycoplasma infection. There were 432 (41.34%) participants with U. urealyticum infection, accounting for 76.33% of the positive participants. The infection rate of U. urealyticum was the highest in females who were 21 - 30 years old, followed by those who were 31 - 40 years old. Ureaplasma urealyticum showed the highest sensitivity to tetracyclines and the greatest resistance to quinolones. The biovar 1 of U. urealyticum with the highest detection rate of serotype 4, accounted for 66.88%. The biovar 2 of U. urealyticum mainly showed mixed subtypes 2 and 3. Biovar 2 showed higher resistance to sparfloxacin, clarithromycin, josamycin, and doxycycline than biovar 1.
CONCLUSIONS
Women might be more susceptible to U. urealyticum, especially if they are of childbearing age. Urea-plasma urealyticum is mainly caused by a single serotype 6 infection. The resistance of U. urealyticum to quinolone (e.g., norfloxacin) is a great concern. Sparfloxacin, clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and doxycycline might be more suitable for people with biovar 1 infection. Biotyping may facilitate clinical drug use and help avoid the emergence of drug-resistant strains.
Topics: Child; Humans; Female; Young Adult; Adult; Ureaplasma urealyticum; Doxycycline; Clarithromycin; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Genitalia, Female; Drug Resistance
PubMed: 38623683
DOI: 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.231146 -
Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi = Chinese Journal... May 2024To analyze the drug-resistant gene loci of (MP) using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). From November 2022 to October 2023, 697 clinical samples...
To analyze the drug-resistant gene loci of (MP) using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). From November 2022 to October 2023, 697 clinical samples (including sputum, alveolar lavage fluid and blood) of 686 children with positive detected by mNGS were retrospectively analyzed. Samples were divided into intensive care unit (ICU) group and non-ICU group, Chi-square test was used to compare groups, and Mann-Kendall trend test was used to analyze the change trend of the detection rate of drug resistance gene loci over time. Of the 697 samples, 164 were from the ICU group and 533 were from the non-ICU group. The detection rate of resistance gene was 44.3% (309/697), and all detected drug-resistant gene loci of MP were A2063G. The detection rate of in ICU group was 50.0% (82/164), and the detection rates of resistance gene loci in sputum, alveolus lavage fluid and blood samples were 75.0% (18/24) and 48.4% (62/128), respectively. The detection rate in sputum was higher than alveolus lavage fluid samples (=5.72,=0.017). The detection rate of in non-ICU group was 42.6% (227/533), the detection rate of resistance gene loci in sputum and alveolar lavage fluid was 40.0% (16/40), 44.3% (201/454), and no detection rate in blood samples (0/12). There was no significant difference in the detection rate of alveolar lavage fluid and sputum (=0.27, =0.602). From November 2022 to October 2023, the detection rate of submitted samples showed an increasing trend month by month (overall: =3.99, ICU inspection group: =2.93, non-ICU group: =3.01, all <0.01). Among the bacteria commonly detected with , Streptococcus pneumoniae accounted for the highest proportion, the detection rate was 15.5% (108/697), and Epstein-Barr virus accounted for the highest proportion of 17.6% (123/697). From November 2022 to October 2023, the detection rate of drug resistance gene loci showed an increasing trend. The detection rate of drug resistance gene loci in sputum samples of ICU group was higher than alveolus lavage fluid. No new drug resistance site were detected.
Topics: Humans; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Retrospective Studies; Child; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Metagenomics; Sputum; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Male; Child, Preschool; Female
PubMed: 38623014
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20240105-00019 -
Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Mycoplasma hominis (MH), the three most common treatable bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs)...
PURPOSE
Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Mycoplasma hominis (MH), the three most common treatable bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) worldwide can lead to many complications if remain untreated. Screening of high-risk population with highly sensitive methods will lead to significant improvement in patient outcomes and will prevent downward transmission. The advantages of Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based assay are not only high sensitivity and specificity, but also detection of multiple organisms in a single reaction which reduce the result turn-around time. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of a multiplex PCR assay method targeting 16S rRNA gene for simultaneous detection of NG, CT and MH infection along with their trend and occurrence among high-risk population in Assam, Northeast India.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was undertaken, where a total of 200 randomly selected patients from high-risk population were included. After validation of singleplex PCR, Multiplex PCR (M-PCR) was performed along with the traditional culture method for NG.
RESULTS & CONCLUSION
The overall agreement of M-PCR with singleplex PCR was very high (100%). The occurrence of STI was found to be very high (101/200; 50.5%). Furthermore, co-infection was detected in 10/200; 5%) individuals. Infection was more common among young individuals (p < 0.05) and males out-numbered females (p < 0.05). The most common organism detected was CT (42/200; 21%) followed by NG (41/200; 20.5%) and MH (20/200; 10%). The M-PCR assay workflow is simple, cost effective and can be used in routine diagnostic laboratories with basic molecular facilities.
Topics: Humans; Sensitivity and Specificity; India; Female; Male; Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Chlamydia trachomatis; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction; Young Adult; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Mycoplasma hominis; Adolescent; Middle Aged; Mycoplasma Infections
PubMed: 38621502
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2024.100592 -
Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue = National Journal... Jul 2023Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of urogenital ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu), Mycoplasma hominis (Mh), and Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infections on semen...
Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of urogenital ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu), Mycoplasma hominis (Mh), and Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) infections on semen quality in men.Methods: In this study, 1022 males were enrolled at the Department of Reproductive Medicine, Rizhao People's Hospital, Shandong Province from October 2014 to January 2023. The participants included 393 in the infertility group, 139 in the recurrent miscarriage group, and 490 in the control group. Based on age, 852 cases were < 36 years old, and 170 cases were ≥ 36 years old. All patients underwent routine semen analysis and tests for Uu, Mh, and Ct, with results statistically analyzed for their impact on semen quality and compared among different age groups. Results: Among the 1022 patients, 344 (33.6%) were Uu-positive, 49 (4.7%) were Mh-positive, and 31 (3.0%) were Ct positive. The sperm concentration, total sperm count, forward sperm motility rate (PR), sperm motility rate (PR+NP) and normal sperm morphology rate of Uu Mh and/or Ct-positive patients were significantly lower than those of the negative group, and the overall difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The positive rate of Uu infection was 41.7% in the infertility group, 30.2% in the recurrent miscarriage group and 28.2% in the control group, and the overall positive rate of the three groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). The positive rate of Mh infection was 6.9% in the infertility group, 8.6% in the recurrent miscarriage group and 2.0% in the control group, and the overall positive rate of the three groups was statistically significant (P<0.001). The positive rate of Ct infection was 6.1% in the infertility group, 2.9% in the recurrent miscarriage group and 0.6% in the control group, and the overall positive rate of the three groups was statistically significant (P<0.001). The positivity rate of Uu infection was 35.8% at the age of <36 years and 22.9% at the age ≥ 36 years, and there was a statistically significant difference in the positivity rate between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of Uu infection in the male urogenital tract is significantly higher than that of Mh and Ct, which is the main pathogen of urogenital tract infection in men. Uu, Mh and Ct infections have adverse effects on sperm concentration, total sperm count, sperm forward motility rate (PR), sperm motility rate (PR+NP) and normal sperm morphology rate, which will lead to a decrease in semen quality and affect male fertility. Genital tract infections are closely related to age, and the prevalence of Uu infection is higher in the younger age group.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Adult; Mycoplasma; Semen Analysis; Semen; Sperm Motility; Mycoplasma hominis; Chlamydia Infections; Abortion, Habitual; Infertility; Fertility
PubMed: 38619413
DOI: No ID Found -
European Journal of Clinical... Jun 2024The COVID-19 pandemic has notably altered the infection dynamics of various pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate the pandemic's impact on the infection spectrum of... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Comparison of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children admitted with community acquired pneumonia before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective study at a tertiary hospital of southwest China.
PURPOSE
The COVID-19 pandemic has notably altered the infection dynamics of various pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate the pandemic's impact on the infection spectrum of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) among children with community acquired pneumonia (CAP).
METHODS
We enrolled pediatric CAP patients admitted to a tertiary hospital in southwest China to compare the prevalence and characteristics of M. pneumoniae infections before (2018-2019) and during (2020-2022) the COVID-19 pandemic. Detection of M. pneumoniae IgM antibodies in serum were conducted using either indirect immunofluorescence or passive agglutination methods.
RESULTS
The study included 1505 M. pneumoniae-positive and 3160 M. pneumoniae-negative CAP patients. Notable findings were the higher age and frequency of pneumonia-associated symptoms in M. pneumoniae-positive patients, alongside a lower male proportion and fewer respiratory co-infections. The year 2019 saw a notable increase in M. pneumoniae infections compared to 2018, followed by a decline from 2020 to 2022. The COVID-19 pandemic period witnessed significant alterations in age distribution, male proportion, and co-infections with specific pathogens in both M. pneumoniae-positive and negative patients. The M. pneumoniae infections were predominantly seasonal, peaking in autumn and winter during 2018 and 2019. Although there was a sharp drop in February 2020, the infection still peaked in cold months of 2020 and 2021. However, the typical seasonal pattern was nearly absent in 2022.
CONCLUSIONS
The COVID-19 pandemic has markedly changed the infection landscape of M. pneumoniae in pediatric CAP patients, with shifts observed in infection rates, demographic profiles, co-infections, and seasonal patterns.
Topics: Humans; Community-Acquired Infections; China; Male; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Female; COVID-19; Child; Tertiary Care Centers; Retrospective Studies; Child, Preschool; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Infant; Coinfection; Adolescent; SARS-CoV-2; Prevalence; Immunoglobulin M; Hospitalization
PubMed: 38613707
DOI: 10.1007/s10096-024-04824-9 -
Clinical Medicine & Research Mar 2024remains a difficult sexually-transmitted infection (STI) to manage due to its potential for antimicrobial resistance and post-infection sequelae. University students...
remains a difficult sexually-transmitted infection (STI) to manage due to its potential for antimicrobial resistance and post-infection sequelae. University students are especially vulnerable, as this demographic has the highest rate of STI in the United States. As a result, investigating prevalence rates and therapeutic outcomes in this population is essential to minimize future impact of The purpose of this study was to investigate a university student population for distribution and treatment outcome. Retrospective chart-review of university health clinic attendees, augmented by laboratory detection of following therapeutic intervention. A total of 1617 student encounters at a midwestern United States university health clinic over a 28-month interval from November 2017 through February 2020 were analyzed for and positivity rates and prevalence. Detection of these sexually-transmitted pathogens occurred by commercial RNA amplification testing. Chart review was focused on participant outcomes following initial detection and therapeutic intervention. positivity and prevalence rates were 7.05% and 9.00%, respectively, while analogous rates for were 7.05% and 6.51%, respectively. An average of 1.83 positive results was generated from participants infected with at any time, with an average of 1.17 positive results for ( < 0.0002). For students treated with azithromycin, 30.3% generated a negative result upon follow-up, with 1g daily and 2-day 500mg dosing regimens demonstrating less efficacy than a 4-day 250mg regimen or moxifloxacin. Data indicate a need for molecular macrolide resistance determination from primary specimens in the university setting.
Topics: Humans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Macrolides; Retrospective Studies; Universities; Chlamydia trachomatis; Mycoplasma genitalium
PubMed: 38609142
DOI: 10.3121/cmr.2024.1871 -
Microbiology Spectrum May 2024(MP) is commonly detected in children. However, the epidemiological trends of MP in Northeast (NE) China are unclear. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the...
UNLABELLED
(MP) is commonly detected in children. However, the epidemiological trends of MP in Northeast (NE) China are unclear. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the prevalence of MP infections in this understudied region. The clinical manifestations and bronchoscopic findings observed in hospitalized patients with severe pneumonia (SMPP) were collected from comprehensive data obtained from six tertiary hospitals in NE and Inner Mongolian (IM) China, from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2023. A total of 5,593,530 children who visited the outpatient and emergency departments, and 412,480 inpatient hospitalized children were included in the study. The positivity rate of MP immunoglobulin M (IgM) in the children who visited the outpatient and emergency departments varied from 7.80% to 10.12%, whereas that of MP infection in hospitalized children ranged from 27.18% to 30.10%. Children hospitalized for MP infection were mainly concentrated in the 1- to 4-year (41.39%) and 4- to 7-year (24.25%) age groups. Before 2020, the season with the highest incidence of MP was winter. After the implementation of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), the MP epidemic season changed, and the number of children with MP infections decreased; however, the proportion of MP infections in hospitalized children did not change significantly. Starting from August 2023, the MP infection rate in outpatient, emergency, and hospitalized children increased sharply, with SMPP and its complications (e.g., plastic bronchitis and pleural effusion) increasing significantly. MP is prevalent in NE and IM, China. When the NPIs ended, MP infection showed a delayed outbreak trend, and the number of children with severe infection increased significantly.
IMPORTANCE
In Northeastern (NE) and Inner Mongolia (IM), the incidence of (MP) infections, including severe pneumonia (SMPP), is high, posing health risks and imposing substantial economic burdens on the local population. Therefore, it is imperative to prioritize the study of MP prevalence and address the research gaps in MP epidemiology in these areas of China. We obtained a comprehensive collection of pediatric outpatient, emergency, and inpatient data from six public Grade III hospitals. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because understanding regional variations in MP infections can help healthcare professionals tailor prevention and treatment strategies, and studying bronchoscopic manifestations can provide insights into the impact of the disease on the respiratory system, potentially leading to a more effective clinical management.
Topics: Humans; China; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Child; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Child, Preschool; Female; Male; Retrospective Studies; Infant; Adolescent; Prevalence; Hospitalization; Incidence; Immunoglobulin M; Seasons
PubMed: 38606996
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00097-24