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Neurobiology of Disease Jun 2024After ischemic stroke (IS), secondary injury is intimately linked to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and body-brain crosstalk. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanism...
After ischemic stroke (IS), secondary injury is intimately linked to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and body-brain crosstalk. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanism systemic immune disorder mediated ER stress in human IS remains unknown. In this study, 32 candidate ER stress-related genes (ERSRGs) were identified by overlapping MSigDB ER stress pathway genes and DEGs. Three Key ERSRGs (ATF6, DDIT3 and ERP29) were identified using LASSO, random forest, and SVM-RFE. IS patients with different ERSRGs profile were clustered into two groups using consensus clustering and the difference between 2 group was further explored by GSVA. Through immune cell infiltration deconvolution analysis, and middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse scRNA analysis, we found that the expression of 3 key ERSRGs were closely related with peripheral macrophage cell ER stress in IS and this was further confirmed by RT-qPCR experiment. These ERS genes might be helpful to further accurately regulate the central nervous system and systemic immune response through ER stress and have potential application value in clinical practice in IS.
PubMed: 38942324
DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106583 -
Neural Networks : the Official Journal... Jun 2024Video frame interpolation methodologies endeavor to create novel frames betwixt extant ones, with the intent of augmenting the video's frame frequency. However, current...
Video frame interpolation methodologies endeavor to create novel frames betwixt extant ones, with the intent of augmenting the video's frame frequency. However, current methods are prone to image blurring and spurious artifacts in challenging scenarios involving occlusions and discontinuous motion. Moreover, they typically rely on optical flow estimation, which adds complexity to modeling and computational costs. To address these issues, we introduce a Motion-Aware Video Frame Interpolation (MA-VFI) network, which directly estimates intermediate optical flow from consecutive frames by introducing a novel hierarchical pyramid module. It not only extracts global semantic relationships and spatial details from input frames with different receptive fields, enabling the model to capture intricate motion patterns, but also effectively reduces the required computational cost and complexity. Subsequently, a cross-scale motion structure is presented to estimate and refine intermediate flow maps by the extracted features. This approach facilitates the interplay between input frame features and flow maps during the frame interpolation process and markedly heightens the precision of the intervening flow delineations. Finally, a discerningly fashioned loss centered around an intermediate flow is meticulously contrived, serving as a deft rudder to skillfully guide the prognostication of said intermediate flow, thereby substantially refining the precision of the intervening flow mappings. Experiments illustrate that MA-VFI surpasses several representative VFI methods across various datasets, and can enhance efficiency while maintaining commendable efficacy.
PubMed: 38941737
DOI: 10.1016/j.neunet.2024.106433 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2024To address the urgent need for agricultural intelligence in the face of increasing agricultural output and a shortage of personnel, this paper proposes a high precision...
To address the urgent need for agricultural intelligence in the face of increasing agricultural output and a shortage of personnel, this paper proposes a high precision object detection network for automated pear picking tasks. The current object detection method using deep learning does not fully consider the redundant background information of the pear detection scene and the mutual occlusion characteristics of multiple pears, so that the detection accuracy is low and cannot meet the needs of complex automated pear picking detection tasks. The proposed, High-level deformation-perception Network with multi-object search NMS(HDMNet), is based on YOLOv8 and utilizes a high-level Semantic focused attention mechanism module to eliminate irrelevant background information and a deformation-perception feature pyramid network to improve accuracy of long-distance and small scale fruit. A multi-object search non-maximum suppression is also proposed to choose the anchor frame in a combined search method suitable for multiple pears. The experimental results show that the HDMNet parameter amount is as low as 12.9 M, the GFLOPs is 41.1, the mAP is 75.7%, the mAP50 reaches 93.6%, the mAP75 reaches 70.2%, and the FPS reaches 73.0. Compared with other SOTA object detection methods, it has the transcend of real-time detection, low parameter amount, low calculation amount, high precision, and accurate positioning.
PubMed: 38942940
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65750-6 -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Jun 2024Maxillary defects pose challenges for prosthodontists, especially when patients have no remaining teeth. This clinical report describes rehabilitation with a complete...
Maxillary defects pose challenges for prosthodontists, especially when patients have no remaining teeth. This clinical report describes rehabilitation with a complete denture obturator fabricated in 2 visits for an edentulous patient after a maxillectomy. The obturator base and artificial teeth were digitally designed and merged into a 1-piece prosthesis. Following a virtual reduction, the integrated prosthesis and a gingival veneer were calculated and then printed and bonded together to complete the fabrication. Balanced occlusion was achieved with the assistance of a digital occlusion analyzer at the insertion visit. This approach avoided base-tooth assembly deviations and provided a prosthesis with good patient-reported outcomes at the 6-month follow-up.
PubMed: 38942715
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2024.05.021 -
Heart, Lung & Circulation Jun 2024While there has been an increase in the use of the transradial approach when performing percutaneous coronary angiography and intervention, there is evidence of...
BACKGROUND
While there has been an increase in the use of the transradial approach when performing percutaneous coronary angiography and intervention, there is evidence of variations in international practice. Ensuring that operators' practices are supported by evidence is important to ensure optimal outcomes.
METHOD
Interventional cardiologists and advanced trainees completed a cross-sectional survey followed by semi-structured interviews to map current practices for transradial coronary artery procedures in Australia and New Zealand and explore factors that influence clinical decision-making around procedural practice.
RESULTS
The right radial artery was the preferred access site (88%). Over a third (37%) of the participants indicated that they tested the hand circulation pre-procedure. Over a quarter of respondents (28.6%) reported that they would carry out transradial procedures regardless of the patient's coagulation status. Most participants (77.8%) described radial artery spasm in around 10% of transradial procedures performed. Only 62% of participants assessed for radial artery occlusion post-catheterisation. Interview data revealed four themes that guided clinical decision-making, namely (1) Decision-making based on research, (2) Using clinical experience, (3) Being led by their training, and (4) Individual patient factors.
CONCLUSIONS
This study has demonstrated that despite clinical guidelines, substantial practice variation exists in transradial coronary artery catheterisation across Australia and New Zealand. The variation in practice and factors impacting clinical decision-making highlight a need for future strategies to optimise evidence translation and implementation across clinical settings.
PubMed: 38942624
DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2024.03.009 -
Journal of Neurosurgery Jun 2024The aim of this study was to evaluate the morbidity associated with microsurgical treatment in patients with a recurrent aneurysm to improve their surgical management.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the morbidity associated with microsurgical treatment in patients with a recurrent aneurysm to improve their surgical management.
METHODS
From 2012 to 2022, among the 3128 patients with ruptured or unruptured intracranial aneurysms managed at the authors' institution, 954 patients were treated by a microsurgical procedure. Of these 3128 patients, 60 consecutive patients (6.3%) who had a recurrent microsurgically treated aneurysm after previous endovascular treatment were included in this study. Additional microsurgical treatment was considered in case of progressive remnant growth or significant aneurysm recurrence. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were noted. Early (< 7 days) and long-term clinical and radiological monitoring were performed. Good functional outcome was considered as a modified Rankin Scale score < 3.
RESULTS
The mean age at initial treatment was 45 years (range 26-65 years). The mean delay between the first treatment and microsurgical treatment of the recurrence was 64 months (range 2 days-296 months). The mean size of the fundus recurrence was 5 mm, and the mean size of the neck recurrence was 4.6 mm. Five patients (8.3%) presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with rupture of the recurrent aneurysm. Three patients died (6%) of aneurysm rupture and/or intensive care complications. The total morbidity rate associated with the microsurgical procedure was 14.5% (8/55) in patients with unruptured recurrent aneurysms. Among these patients, postoperative definitive complications (ischemic lesions) directly related to the microsurgical procedure were present in 3 patients (5.5%). Intraoperative rupture was recorded in these 3 patients. In the 54 surviving patients with unruptured recurrent aneurysms, good functional outcome was noted in 49 (91%). Poor functional outcome was significantly associated with intraoperative rupture.
CONCLUSIONS
Microsurgery remains an effective therapeutic option for recurrent intracranial aneurysms. However, in the authors' experience, postoperative morbidity is higher than in patients with nonrecurrent aneurysms. Therefore, a pretherapeutic multidisciplinary evaluation is mandatory to reduce the potential morbidity associated with the retreatment as much as possible. When endovascular occlusion of the aneurysm requires both stenting and coiling, alternative microsurgical treatment should be carefully evaluated, as microsurgical clipping will become much more challenging in cases of aneurysm recurrence.
PubMed: 38941640
DOI: 10.3171/2024.3.JNS24116 -
Medicine Jun 2024Isolated popliteal artery occlusions are rare compared with femoropopliteal occlusive diseases. Although endovascular procedures have gained importance in treatment,...
Isolated popliteal artery occlusions are rare compared with femoropopliteal occlusive diseases. Although endovascular procedures have gained importance in treatment, conventional surgery remains the gold standard. In this study, we reviewed popliteal endarterectomy and patch plasty using a posterior approach. Fourteen patients who underwent surgery for isolated popliteal artery occlusions were retrospectively examined. Patients were assessed in terms of age, sex, and risk factors, such as accompanying diseases and smoking, surgical method and anesthesia, incision type, preoperative and postoperative pulse examination, ankle-brachial indices, patency, wound infection, postoperative complications, and the treatment applied. Twelve (85.7%) patients were male, and 2 (14.3%) were female. Limb ischemia was critical (ABI < 0.7) in 11 (78.5%) patients. The average duration of postoperative hospitalization was 8 ± 3.7 days on average, and the average length of follow-up was 17 ± 3.4 months. Thrombosis and complications requiring secondary intervention did not develop during the early postoperative period. While the patency rate in the first 6 months of follow-up was 100%, it was 92.8% in the 1st year and 85.7% in the 2nd year. Surgical treatment with the posterior approach in isolated popliteal artery lesions is preferred by vascular surgeons as a prioritized treatment method, with a sufficient recanalization rate and low perioperative morbidity and mortality rates. Furthermore, it is promising because it does not prevent below-knee femoropopliteal bypass, which is the subsequent stage of treatment. Moreover, the great saphenous vein was protected, and the acceptable early- and mid-term results were encouraging.
Topics: Humans; Popliteal Artery; Male; Female; Endarterectomy; Retrospective Studies; Aged; Middle Aged; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Constriction, Pathologic; Treatment Outcome; Postoperative Complications; Vascular Patency
PubMed: 38941441
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038693 -
Experimental Physiology Jun 2024
PubMed: 38941357
DOI: 10.1113/EP092002 -
American Journal of Respiratory and... Jun 2024
PubMed: 38941128
DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202401-0100RL -
American Journal of Physiology. Heart... Jun 2024Brief, repeated cycles of limb ischaemia and reperfusion (ischaemic preconditioning; IPC) can protect against vascular insult. Few papers have considered the effect of...
Brief, repeated cycles of limb ischaemia and reperfusion (ischaemic preconditioning; IPC) can protect against vascular insult. Few papers have considered the effect of IPC on resting vascular function, and no single study has simultaneously considered the local (trained arm) and remote (untrained arm) effect of a single session of IPC, and following repeated sessions. We determined macrovascular (allometrically-scaled flow mediated dilation; FMD) and microvascular (cutaneous vascular conductance; CVC) function in healthy adults before, immediately post, 20 min post and 24 h post a single session of IPC (4 x 5 min of single arm ischaemia). These outcomes also were re-measured 24 h after 6 IPC sessions, performed over 2 weeks. FMD and CVC increased in both arms 20 min post (FMD mean difference (MD) 1.1%, < 0.001; CVC MD 0.08 AU, = 0.004) but not 24 hour post (FMD MD -0.2%, = 0.459; CVC MD -0.02 AU, = 0.526) a single session of IPC, with no differences between trained and untrained arms. Whilst FMD did not increase 24 h after one IPC session, it was elevated in both arms 24 h after the sixth session (MD 1.2%, = 0.009). CVC was not altered in either arm 24 h after the last IPC session. These data indicate that the local and remote effect of IPC on vascular health may be equivalent, and that the benefits to FMD may be greater with sustained training compared to a single IPC exposure.
PubMed: 38940917
DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00315.2024