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Bioresource Technology May 2012In the present study, n-hexadecane degradation in MSM was investigated by three bacteria identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa PSA5, Rhodococcus sp. NJ2 and Ochrobactrum...
In the present study, n-hexadecane degradation in MSM was investigated by three bacteria identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa PSA5, Rhodococcus sp. NJ2 and Ochrobactrum intermedium P2, isolated from petroleum sludge. During 10 days of incubation, n-hexadecane was degraded to 99% by P. aeruginosa PSA5, 95% by Rhodococcus sp. NJ2 and 92% by O. intermedium P2. During degradation process, the induction of catabolic enzymes alkane hydroxylase, alcohol dehydrogenase and lipase were also examined. Among these enzymes, the highest activities of alkane hydroxylase (185 μmol mg(-1) protein) and alcohol dehydrogenase (75.78 μmol mg(-1) protein) were recorded in Rhodococcus sp. NJ2 while lipase activity was highly induced in P. aeruginosa PSA5 (48.71 μmol mg(-1) protein). Besides, accumulation of n-hexadecane in inclusion bodies was found to be maximum 60.8 g l(-1) in P. aeruginosa PSA5, followed by Rhodococcus sp. NJ2 (56.1 g l(-1)) and the least (51.6 g l(-1)) was found in O. intermedium P2. Biosurfactant production by bacterial strains was indicated by the reduction in surface tension and induction of cell surface hydrophobicity and pseudosolubilization which facilitated n-hexadecane degradation.
Topics: Alkanes; Enzymes; Hydrolysis; Salts; Solubility
PubMed: 22405754
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.02.049 -
Chemosphere Oct 2011In this study, the potential of rhizospheric bacteria in promoting the growth and Pb accumulation by the woody plant Eucalyptus camaldulensis under hydroponic conditions...
In this study, the potential of rhizospheric bacteria in promoting the growth and Pb accumulation by the woody plant Eucalyptus camaldulensis under hydroponic conditions was investigated for the first time. Three Pb-tolerant bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere of E. camaldulensis grown in Pb-contaminated soils in the Bo Ngam Pb mine, Thailand. Based on analysis of partial 16S rRNA gene sequence, the three isolates were identified as Microbacterium paraoxydans BN-2, Ochrobactrum intermedium BN-3, and Bacillus fusiformis BN-4. Among these strains, O. intermedium BN-3 showed the highest tolerance to not only Pb but also Cd and Zn. After growth in the presence of Pb, the membranes of O. intermedium BN-3 cells exhibited an increase in unsaturated fatty acid levels but a decrease in fluidity. In hydroponic studies, inoculation of O. intermedium BN-3 significantly increased the biomass and Pb accumulation by E. camaldulensis compared to the uninoculated control. The results suggested the role of the natural rhizospheric bacteria localized to the root surface of E. camaldulensis in promoting Pb accumulation and plant growth. Our results indicate that O. intermedium BN-3 and other indigenous rhizospheric bacteria have the potential to improve the efficiency of phytoremediation of Pb-contaminated sites.
Topics: Actinomycetales; Bacillus; Biodegradation, Environmental; Biomass; Eucalyptus; Lead; Membrane Fluidity; Ochrobactrum; Plant Roots; Plant Shoots; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Soil Microbiology; Soil Pollutants
PubMed: 21764101
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.06.086 -
Journal of Hazardous Materials May 2011A continuously stirred tank bioreactor (CSTR) was used to optimize feasible and reliable bioprocess system in order to treat hydrocarbon-rich industrial wastewaters. A...
A continuously stirred tank bioreactor (CSTR) was used to optimize feasible and reliable bioprocess system in order to treat hydrocarbon-rich industrial wastewaters. A successful bioremediation was developed by an efficient acclimatized microbial consortium. After an experimental period of 225 days, the process was shown to be highly efficient in decontaminating the wastewater. The performance of the bioaugmented reactor was demonstrated by the reduction of COD rates up to 95%. The residual total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) decreased from 320 mg TPH l(-1) to 8 mg TPH l(-1). Analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) identified 26 hydrocarbons. The use of the mixed cultures demonstrated high degradation performance for hydrocarbons range n-alkanes (C10-C35). Six microbial isolates from the CSTR were characterized and species identification was confirmed by sequencing the 16S rRNA genes. The partial 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that 5 strains were closely related to Aeromonas punctata (Aeromonas caviae), Bacillus cereus, Ochrobactrum intermedium, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Rhodococcus sp. The 6th isolate was affiliated to genera Achromobacter. Besides, the treated wastewater could be considered as non toxic according to the phytotoxicity test since the germination index of Lepidium sativum ranged between 57 and 95%. The treatment provided satisfactory results and presents a feasible technology for the treatment of hydrocarbon-rich wastewater from petrochemical industries and petroleum refineries.
Topics: Bacteria; Biodegradation, Environmental; Bioreactors; Hydrocarbons; Industrial Waste; Microbial Consortia; Petroleum; Toxicity Tests; Waste Disposal, Fluid; Water Purification
PubMed: 21419572
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.02.057 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Sep 2011Two Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming strains, designated 08RB2639(T) and 08RB2781-1, were isolated from a sheep (Ovis aries) and a domestic boar (Sus scrofa...
Two Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming strains, designated 08RB2639(T) and 08RB2781-1, were isolated from a sheep (Ovis aries) and a domestic boar (Sus scrofa domestica), respectively. By 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the isolates revealed identical sequences and were shown to belong to the Alphaproteobacteria. They exhibited 97.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Ochrobactrum rhizosphaerae PR17(T), O. pituitosum CCUG 50899(T), O. tritici SCII24(T) and O. haematophilum CCUG 38531(T) and 97.4 % sequence similarity with O. cytisi ESC1(T), O. anthropi LMG 3331(T) and O. lupini LUP21(T). The recA gene sequences of the two isolates showed only minor differences (99.5 % recA sequence similarity), and strain 08RB2639(T) exhibited the highest recA sequence similarity with Ochrobactrum intermedium CCUG 24694(T) (91.3 %). The quinone system was ubiquinone Q-10, with minor amounts of Q-9 and Q-11, the major polyamines were spermidine, putrescine and sym-homospermidine and the major lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine, with moderate amounts of the Ochrobactrum-specific unidentified aminolipid AL2. The major fatty acids (>20 %) were C₁₈:₁ω7c and C₁₉:₀ cyclo ω8c. These traits were in excellent agreement with the assignment of the isolates to the genus Ochrobactrum. DNA-DNA relatedness and physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation from other members of the genus Ochrobactrum. Hence, it is concluded that the isolates represent a novel species, for which the name Ochrobactrum pecoris sp. nov. is proposed (type strain 08RB2639(T) = DSM 23868(T) = CCUG 60088(T) = CCM 7822(T)).
Topics: Animals; Animals, Domestic; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Cluster Analysis; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Fatty Acids; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Ochrobactrum; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Polyamines; Quinones; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Rec A Recombinases; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Sheep; Sus scrofa
PubMed: 20952542
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.027631-0 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Jul 2010A Gram-staining-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterial strain, Ca-34(T), was isolated from nodules of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) in Pakistan and...
A Gram-staining-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterial strain, Ca-34(T), was isolated from nodules of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) in Pakistan and studied for its taxonomic affiliation. The almost full-length 16S rRNA gene sequence showed highest similarities to those of strains of the genus Ochrobactrum. Based on results of MALDI-TOF MS and 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (98.6 %), strain Ca-34(T) and Ochrobactrum intermedium LMG 3301(T) are phylogenetic neighbours; the two strains shared DNA-DNA relatedness of 64 %. The fatty acid profile [predominantly C(18 : 1)omega7c (67.7 %) and C(19 : 0) cyclo omega8c (19.6 %)] also supported the genus affiliation. Metabolically, strain Ca-34(T) differed from other type strains of Ochrobactrum in many reactions and from all type strains in testing positive for gelatin hydrolysis and in testing negative for assimilation of alaninamide and l-threonine. Based on phenotypic and genotypic data, we conclude that strain Ca-34(T) represents a novel species, for which we propose the name Ochrobactrum ciceri sp. nov. (type strain Ca-34(T) =DSM 22292(T) =CCUG 57879(T)).
Topics: Base Sequence; Cicer; Fatty Acids; Molecular Sequence Data; Ochrobactrum; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
PubMed: 19684324
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.013987-0 -
Indian Journal of Microbiology Jun 2009Microbial communities in coastal subsurface sediments play an important role in biogeochemical cycles. In this study microbial communities in tidal subsurface sediments...
Microbial communities in coastal subsurface sediments play an important role in biogeochemical cycles. In this study microbial communities in tidal subsurface sediments of Balramgari in the state of Orissa, India were investigated using a culture independent approach. Two 16S rDNA cloned libraries were prepared from the closely located (100 m along the coast) subsurface sediment samples. Library I sediment samples had higher organic carbon content but lower sand percentage in comparison to Library II. A total of 310 clone sequences were used for DOTUR analysis which revealed 51 unique phylotypes or operational taxonomic units (OTUs) for both libraries. The OTUs were affiliated with 13 major lineages of domain bacteria including Proteobacteria (α, β, δ and λ), Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes and TM7. We encountered few pathogenic bacteria such as Aeromonas hydrophila and Ochrobactrum intermedium, in sediment from Library I. ∫-LIBSHUFF comparison depicts that the two libraries were significantly different communities. Most of the OTUs from both libraries possessed ≥85% to <97% similarity to RDP database sequences depicting the putative presence of new species, genera and phylum. This work revealed the complex and unique bacterial diversity from coastal habitat of Balramgari and shows that, in coastal habitat a variability of physical and chemical parameter has a prominent impact on the microbial community structure.
PubMed: 23100766
DOI: 10.1007/s12088-009-0034-9 -
Journal of Microbiology, Immunology,... Apr 2008Ochrobactrum intermedium is an opportunistic human pathogen found in immunocompromised individuals. We report the case of a north Indian patient with non-ulcer dyspepsia...
Ochrobactrum intermedium is an opportunistic human pathogen found in immunocompromised individuals. We report the case of a north Indian patient with non-ulcer dyspepsia whose gastric biopsy revealed the presence of O. intermedium, along with Helicobacter pylori. Further description of O. intermedium was performed with 16S rRNA (1500 nucleotides) and RecA (1065 nucleotides) gene sequencing, and the identity and phylogenetic affiliation of the isolate was confirmed by 100% nucleotide similarity with O. intermedium LMG3301. Further investigation is required in order to evaluate the link between H. pylori and O. intermedium in the gastric niche.
Topics: Adult; Bacterial Proteins; Dyspepsia; Gram-Negative Aerobic Rods and Cocci; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; India; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Ochrobactrum; Phylogeny; Stomach; Urease
PubMed: 18473108
DOI: No ID Found -
Systematic and Applied Microbiology Mar 2008The genetic diversity and phylogenetic interrelationships among 106 Ochrobactrum strains (O. anthropi: 72, O. intermedium: 22, O. tritici: 5, O. oryzae: 2, O....
The genetic diversity and phylogenetic interrelationships among 106 Ochrobactrum strains (O. anthropi: 72, O. intermedium: 22, O. tritici: 5, O. oryzae: 2, O. grignonense: 2, O. gallinifaecis: 1, O. lupini: 2), the type strains of the eight Brucella species and other closely related taxa were studied by recA and rrs gene (16S rRNA) comparative sequence analysis. Both markers correctly delineated the various Ochrobactrum species; however, resolution at the subspecies level was considerably higher in the recA gene-based approach. Phylogenetic analyses using neighbor-joining, parsimony, and maximum likelihood algorithms generated trees with similar topologies but the overall branching order, and also the order of the subclades, were not stable in either assay, which could be explained by generally high recA and rrs sequence similarities. Ochrobactrum and Pseudochrobactrum formed separate clades distinct from other Alphaproteobacteria with Bartonella, Agrobacterium, and Rhizobium as the closest relatives. O. gallinifaecis was the most distinct member, when compared to the type species O. anthropi, with rrs and recA similarities of 96.2% and 81.4%. Brucella species were indistinguishable, exhibiting high rrs and recA gene similarities of 98.6% and 85.5% compared with Ochrobactrum intermedium. At the protein level, all RecA sequences among the various Ochrobactrum species and between Ochrobactrum and Brucella were highly similar with only a few amino acid substitutions. O. anthropi and O. tritici were indistinguishable by means of their RecA proteins. A set of initially biochemically classified strains did not cluster within their assigned species and they either grouped within other known species or grouped as potential novel Ochrobactrum species. In further investigations, these strains were reclassified and described as novel species. In summary, Ochrobactrum is a highly diverse genus comprising several novel species. We recommend recA- in addition to rrs gene-analysis for correct species allocation and subtyping of novel Ochrobactrum isolates.
Topics: Brucella; Cluster Analysis; DNA, Bacterial; Genes, rRNA; Genetic Variation; Humans; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Ochrobactrum; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Rec A Recombinases; Sequence Analysis; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
PubMed: 18222618
DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2007.10.004 -
Journal of Medical Microbiology Jan 2008Ochrobactrum anthropi, Ochrobactrum intermedium and Brucella spp. are phenotypically and genetically closely related pathogens that may cause disease with similar...
Ochrobactrum anthropi, Ochrobactrum intermedium and Brucella spp. are phenotypically and genetically closely related pathogens that may cause disease with similar clinical presentation. Consequently, difficulties in their identification and differentiation have been reported. In this study, a sensitive recA gene-based multi-primer single-target PCR (MP-ST-PCR) was developed that allowed the specific detection and differentiation of these clinically relevant pathogens. The specificity of the assay was evaluated using a representative panel of 50 O. anthropi and 16 O. intermedium strains and the type strains of all Brucella spp. Detection limits for purified DNA from O. anthropi, O. intermedium and Brucella melitensis were 100, 10 and 100 fg, respectively. Brucella DNA was also successfully detected in various clinical specimens from a human patient with culture-proven brucellosis and from a Brucella-infected sheep and its aborted fetuses. The sensitivity of the MP-ST-PCR was comparable to that of an evaluated in-house Brucella real-time PCR assay. The developed assay closes a diagnostic gap and provides a simple but robust tool for the sensitive detection and correct identification of O. anthropi, O. intermedium and Brucella spp.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Brucella; Brucellosis; DNA Primers; DNA, Bacterial; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Humans; Ochrobactrum; Ochrobactrum anthropi; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Rec A Recombinases; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sheep
PubMed: 18065669
DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.47507-0 -
Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases... 2007A systemic disease occurred in a wild population of the common vole Microtus arvalis in South Moravia (Czech Republic) during the years 1999-2003. Acute infections were...
A systemic disease occurred in a wild population of the common vole Microtus arvalis in South Moravia (Czech Republic) during the years 1999-2003. Acute infections were characterized by edema of extremities, occasionally with colliquating abscesses, arthritis, lymphadenitis, perforations of the skin resulting from colliquated abscesses, orchitis, and peritoneal granulomas. From the clinical samples, small Gram-negative coccobacilli were isolated and identified as Ochrobactrum intermedium by API 20NE and colistin sensitivity profiles. However, subsequent rrs (16S rRNA) and recA (recombinase A) gene sequencing analysis of two isolates (CCM 4915=CAPM 6434; CCM 4916=CAPM 6435) identified them as Brucella sp. with sequence identities of 100% to other Brucella spp. Analysis of the omp2a/b genes confirmed the two isolates as Brucella. In AMOS polymerase chain reaction (PCR), a 2000-bp fragment was generated that was not seen in other brucellae. Experimental infection of outbred ICR mice with these isolates resulted in a mortality rate of 50%. Based on the results of the molecular investigations and the mortality observed in experimentally infected mice we conclude that the epizootic was caused by Brucella sp. and not by Ochrobactrum intermedium. The study demonstrates the limitations of commercial biochemical test systems in accurately differentiating among Ochrobactrum and Brucella.
Topics: Animals; Arvicolinae; Blood; Brucella; Brucellosis; Czech Republic; Female; Lymph Nodes; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Molecular Sequence Data; Ochrobactrum; Rodent Diseases
PubMed: 18021023
DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2007.0143