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Materials Horizons Jul 2024With recent advancements in technology, the emission of electromagnetic radiation has emerged as a significant issue due to electromagnetic interferences. These... (Review)
Review
With recent advancements in technology, the emission of electromagnetic radiation has emerged as a significant issue due to electromagnetic interferences. These interferences include various undesirable emissions that can degrade the performance of equipment and structures. If left unresolved, these complications can create extra damage to the security operations and communication systems of numerous electronic devices. Various studies have been conducted to address these issues. In recent years, electrically conductive polypyrrole has gained a unique position because of its many advantageous properties. The absorption of microwaves and the electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding characteristics of electrically conductive polypyrrole can be described in relation to its great electrical conductivity with strong relaxation and polarization effects due to the existence of strong bonds or localized charges. In the present review, advancements in electromagnetic interference shielding with conjugated polypyrrole and its nanocomposites with metal oxides are discussed and correlated with various properties such as dielectric properties, magnetic properties, electrical conductivity, and microwave adsorption properties. This review also focuses on identifying the most suitable polypyrrole-based metal oxide nanocomposites for electromagnetic interference shielding applications.
PubMed: 38958665
DOI: 10.1039/d4mh00594e -
Journal of Asian Natural Products... Jul 2024Fuzheng Huayu recipe (FZHYR) is a Chinese patent medicine for the treatment of fibrosis. The effects of FZHYR on pulmonary fibrosis and macrophage polarization were...
Fuzheng Huayu recipe (FZHYR) is a Chinese patent medicine for the treatment of fibrosis. The effects of FZHYR on pulmonary fibrosis and macrophage polarization were investigated . FZHYR inhibited pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis and M2 polarization of macrophages in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis (BPF) of rat model. Differentially expressed genes were screened by high-throughput mRNA sequencing and GSEA showed that oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) was correlated with BPF. FZHYR inhibited expressions of and in lung tissues of BPF rats. These findings suggest that OXPHOS pathway serves as a possible target for pulmonary fibrosis therapy by FZHYR.
PubMed: 38958642
DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2024.2371050 -
Chemistry (Weinheim An Der Bergstrasse,... Jul 2024Novel fluorinated, pyrrolidinium-based dicationic ionic liquids (FDILs) as high-performance electrolytes in energy storage devices have been prepared, displaying...
Novel fluorinated, pyrrolidinium-based dicationic ionic liquids (FDILs) as high-performance electrolytes in energy storage devices have been prepared, displaying unprecedented electrochemical stabilities (up to 7 V); thermal stability (up to 370 °C) and ion transport (up to 1.45 mS cm‑1). FDILs were designed with a fluorinated ether linker and paired with TFSI/FSI counterions. To comprehensively asess the impact of the fluorinated spacer on their electrochemical, thermal, and physico-chemical properties, a comparison with their non-fluorinated counterparts was conducted. With a specific focus on their application as electrolytes in next-generation high-voltage lithium-ion batteries, the impact of the Li-salt on the characteristics of dicationic ILs was systematically evaluated. The incorporation of a fluorinated linker demonstrates significantly superior properties compared to their non-fluorinated counterparts, presenting a promising alternative towards next-generation high-voltage energy storage systems.
PubMed: 38958607
DOI: 10.1002/chem.202402004 -
Advanced Science (Weinheim,... Jul 2024Increasing evidence suggests the role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) in regulating antitumor immune effects and immunosuppression. RONS modify...
Increasing evidence suggests the role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) in regulating antitumor immune effects and immunosuppression. RONS modify biomolecules and induce oxidative post-translational modifications (oxPTM) on proteins that can alarm phagocytes. However, it is unclear if and how protein oxidation by technical means could be a strategy to foster antitumor immunity and therapy. To this end, cold gas plasma technology producing various RONS simultaneously to oxidize the two melanoma-associated antigens MART and PMEL is utilized. Cold plasma-oxidized MART (oxMART) and PMEL (oxPMEL) are heavily decorated with oxPTMs as determined by mass spectrometry. Immunization with oxidized MART or PMEL vaccines prior to challenge with viable melanoma cells correlated with significant changes in cytokine secretion and altered T-cell differentiation of tumor-infiltrated leukocytes (TILs). oxMART promoted the activity of cytotoxic central memory T-cells, while oxPMEL led to increased proliferation of cytotoxic effector T-cells. Similar T-cell results are observed after incubating splenocytes of tumor-bearing mice with B16F10 melanoma cells. This study, for the first time, provides evidence of the importance of oxidative modifications of two melanoma-associated antigens in eliciting anticancer immunity.
PubMed: 38958560
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404131 -
American Journal of Physiology.... Jul 2024Monocytes are innate immune cells that are continuously produced in bone marrow which enter and circulate the vasculature. In response to nutrient scarcity, monocytes...
Monocytes are innate immune cells that are continuously produced in bone marrow which enter and circulate the vasculature. In response to nutrient scarcity, monocytes migrate back to bone marrow where upon refeeding they are re-released back into the bloodstream to replenish the circulation. In humans, the variability in monocyte behavior in response to fasting and refeeding has not been characterized. To investigate monocyte dynamics in humans we measured blood monocyte fluctuations in 354 clinically healthy individuals after a 12-hour overnight fast and at 3- and 6-hours after consuming a mixed macronutrient challenge meal. Using cluster analysis, we identified three distinct monocyte behaviors. Group 1 was characterized by relatively low fasting monocyte counts that markedly increased after consuming the test meal. Group 2 was characterized by relatively high fasting monocyte counts which decreased after meal consumption. Group 3, like Group 1, was characterized by lower fasting monocyte counts but increased to a lesser extent after consuming the meal. While monocyte fluctuations observed in Groups 1 and 3 align with the current paradigm of monocyte dynamics in response to fasting and refeeding, the atypical dynamic observed in Group 2 does not. While generally younger in age, Group 2 subjects had lower whole-body carbohydrate oxidation rates, lower HDL-cholesterol levels, delayed postprandial declines in salivary cortisol, and reduced postprandial peripheral microvascular endothelial function. These unique characteristics were not explained by group differences in age, sex, or BMI. Taken together these results highlight distinct patterns of monocyte responsiveness to natural fluctuations in dietary fuel availability.
PubMed: 38958546
DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00158.2024 -
Advanced Science (Weinheim,... Jul 2024A novel FeMoO/MoO@MoS nanocomposite is synthesized for extremely sensitive detection of NH in the breath of kidney disease patients at room temperature. Compared to MoS,...
A novel FeMoO/MoO@MoS nanocomposite is synthesized for extremely sensitive detection of NH in the breath of kidney disease patients at room temperature. Compared to MoS, α-FeO/MoS, and MoO@MoS, it shows the optimal gas-sensing performance by optimizing the formation of FeMoO at 900 °C. The annealed FeMoO/MoO@MoS nanocomposite (FeMoO/MoO@MoS-900 °C) sensor demonstrates a remarkably high selectivity of NH with a response of 875% to 30 ppm NH and an ultralow detection limit of 3.7 ppb. This sensor demonstrates excellent linearity, repeatability, and long-term stability. Furthermore, it effectively differentiates between patients at varying stages of kidney disease through quantitative NH measurements. The sensing mechanism is elucidated through the analysis of alterations in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) signals, which is supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations illustrating the NH adsorption and oxidation pathways and their effects on charge transfer, resulting in the conductivity change as the sensing signal. The excellent performance is mainly attributed to the heterojunction among MoS, MoO, and FeMoO and the exceptional adsorption and catalytic activity of FeMoO/MoO@MoS-900 °C for NH. This research presents a promising new material optimized for detecting NH in exhaled breath and a new strategy for the early diagnosis and management of kidney disease.
PubMed: 38958529
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202405942 -
Journal of Cellular Physiology Jul 2024Autophagy is a lysosome-mediated self-degradation process of central importance for cellular quality control. It also provides macromolecule building blocks and... (Review)
Review
Autophagy is a lysosome-mediated self-degradation process of central importance for cellular quality control. It also provides macromolecule building blocks and substrates for energy metabolism during nutrient or energy deficiency, which are the main stimuli for autophagy induction. However, like most biological processes, autophagy itself requires ATP, and there is an energy threshold for its initiation and execution. We here present the first comprehensive review of this often-overlooked aspect of autophagy research. The studies in which ATP deficiency suppressed autophagy in vitro and in vivo were classified according to the energy pathway involved (oxidative phosphorylation or glycolysis). A mechanistic insight was provided by pinpointing the critical ATP-consuming autophagic events, including transcription/translation/interaction of autophagy-related molecules, autophagosome formation/elongation, autophagosome fusion with the lysosome, and lysosome acidification. The significance of energy-dependent fine-tuning of autophagic response for preserving the cell homeostasis, and potential implications for the therapy of cancer, autoimmunity, metabolic disorders, and neurodegeneration are discussed.
PubMed: 38958520
DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31366 -
Advanced Science (Weinheim,... Jul 2024Resistive switching memories have garnered significant attention due to their high-density integration and rapid in-memory computing beyond von Neumann's architecture....
Resistive switching memories have garnered significant attention due to their high-density integration and rapid in-memory computing beyond von Neumann's architecture. However, significant challenges are posed in practical applications with respect to their manufacturing process complexity, a leakage current of high resistance state (HRS), and the sneak-path current problem that limits their scalability. Here, a mild-temperature thermal oxidation technique for the fabrication of low-power and ultra-steep memristor based on Ag/TiO/SnO/SnSe/Au architecture is developed. Benefiting from a self-assembled oxidation layer and the formation/rupture of oxygen vacancy conductive filaments, the device exhibits an exceptional threshold switching behavior with high switch ratio exceeding 10, low threshold voltage of ≈1 V, long-term retention of >10 s, an ultra-small subthreshold swing of 2.5 mV decade and high air-stability surpassing 4 months. By decreasing temperature, the device undergoes a transition from unipolar volatile to bipolar nonvolatile characteristics, elucidating the role of oxygen vacancies migration on the resistive switching process. Further, the 1T1R structure is established between a memristor and a 2H-MoTe transistor by the van der Waals (vdW) stacking approach, achieving the functionality of selector and multi-value memory with lower power consumption. This work provides a mild-thermal oxidation technology for the low-cost production of high-performance memristors toward future in-memory computing applications.
PubMed: 38958519
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401915 -
Advanced Science (Weinheim,... Jul 2024Rechargeable Ca batteries offer the advantages of high energy density, low cost, and earth-abundant constituents, presenting a viable alternative to lithium-ion...
Rechargeable Ca batteries offer the advantages of high energy density, low cost, and earth-abundant constituents, presenting a viable alternative to lithium-ion batteries. However, using polymer electrolytes in practical Ca batteries is not often reported, despite its potential to prevent leakage and preserve battery flexibility. Herein, a Ca(BH)-based gel-polymer electrolyte (GPE) is prepared from Ca(BH) and poly(tetrahydrofuran) (pTHF) and tested its performance in Ca batteries. The electrolyte demonstrates excellent stability against Ca-metal anodes and high ionic conductivity. The results of infrared spectroscopy and H and B NMR indicate that the terminal ─OH groups of pTHF reacted with BH anions to form B─H─(pTHF) moieties, achieving cross-linking and solidification. Cyclic voltammetry measurements indicate the occurrence of reversible Ca plating/stripping. To improve the performance at high current densities, the GPE is supplemented with LiBH to achieve a lower overpotential in the Ca plating/stripping process. An all-solid-state Ca-metal battery with a dual-cation (Ca and Li) GPE, a Ca-metal anode, and a LiTiO cathode sustained >200 cycles, confirming their feasibility. The results pave the way for further developing lithium salt-free Ca batteries by developing electrolyte salts with high oxidation stability and optimal electrochemical properties.
PubMed: 38958510
DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308318 -
Molecular Cancer Therapeutics Jul 2024Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC), which has unique clinical characteristics, arises from benign endometriotic cysts, forming an oxidative stress environment due to...
Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC), which has unique clinical characteristics, arises from benign endometriotic cysts, forming an oxidative stress environment due to excess iron accumulation, and exhibits poor prognosis, particularly in advanced stages owing to resistance to conventional therapeutics. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death induced by lipid peroxidation and controlled by Hippo signaling. We hypothesized that overcoming ferroptosis resistance is an attractive strategy because OCCC acquires oxidative stress resistance during its development and exhibits chemoresistant features indicative of ferroptosis resistance. This study aimed to determine whether OCCC is resistant to ferroptosis and clarify the mechanism underlying resistance. Unlike ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma cells, OCCC cells were exposed to oxidative stress. However, OCCC cells remained unaffected by lipid peroxidation. Cell viability assays revealed that OCCC cells exhibited resistance to the ferroptosis inducer erastin. Moreover, Samroc analysis showed that the Hippo signaling pathway was enriched in OCCC cell lines and clinical samples. Furthermore, patients with low expression of nuclear Yes-associated protein 1(YAP1) exhibited a significantly poor prognosis of OCCC. Moreover, YAP1 activation enhanced ferroptosis in OCCC cell lines. Furthermore, suppression of zinc finger DHHC-type palmitoyltransferase 7 (ZDHHC7) enhanced ferroptosis by activating YAP1 in OCCC cell lines. Mouse xenograft models demonstrated that ZDHHC7 inhibition suppressed tumor growth via YAP1 activation by erastin treatment. In conclusion, YAP1 activation regulated by ZDHHC7 enhanced ferroptosis in OCCC. Thus, overcoming ferroptosis resistance is a potential therapeutic strategy for OCCC.
PubMed: 38958503
DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-24-0145