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Histopathology Jun 2024Low-grade non-intestinal-type sinonasal adenocarcinoma (LGSNAC) is a rare heterogeneous and poorly characterised group of tumours, distinct from intestinal- and...
AIMS
Low-grade non-intestinal-type sinonasal adenocarcinoma (LGSNAC) is a rare heterogeneous and poorly characterised group of tumours, distinct from intestinal- and salivary-type neoplasms. Therefore, further characterisation is needed for clearer biological understanding and classification.
METHODS AND RESULTS
Clinical, histological and molecular characterisation of four cases of biphasic, low-grade adenocarcinomas of the sinonasal tract was performed. All patients were male, aged between 48 and 78 years, who presented with polypoid masses in the nasal cavity. Microscopically, virtually all tumours were dominated by tubulo-glandular biphasic patterns, microcystic, focal (micro)papillary, oncocytic or basaloid features. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed biphasic differentiation with an outer layer of myoepithelial cells. Molecular profiling revealed HRAS (p.G13R, p.Q61R) mutations, and concomitant AKT1 (p.E17K, p.Q79R) mutations in two cases. Two cases showed potential in-situ/precursor lesions adjacent to the tumour. Follow-up periods ranged from 1 to 30 months, with one case relapsing locally after 12 and > 20 years.
CONCLUSION
This study further corroborates a distinct biphasic low-grade neoplasm of the sinonasal tract with seromucinous differentiation. Although morphological and molecular features overlap with salivary gland epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma, several arguments favour categorising these tumours within the spectrum of LGSNAC.
PubMed: 38923026
DOI: 10.1111/his.15251 -
Current Oncology (Toronto, Ont.) Jun 2024Involvement of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is an important prognostic factor and is associated with a higher risk of...
The Effect of Hemithyroidectomy in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with an Exclusive Involvement of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve: A Retrospective Study with a Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.
BACKGROUND
Involvement of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is an important prognostic factor and is associated with a higher risk of recurrence. This study aimed to retrospectively analyze the outcomes of patients treated with hemithyroidectomy (HT) in PTC patients with an exclusive RLN invasion who could not tolerate staged surgery, did not wish to undergo another operation, or had other reasons.
METHODS
A retrospective review was conducted on 163 patients with PTC and exclusive RLN involvement at our institution between 2013 and 2019. Patients were divided into a total thyroidectomy (TT) group and HT group. The clinicopathologic factors and prognostic outcomes were compared between the two groups. A propensity score-matched analysis was carried out to reduce selection bias, with the following covariates: gender, age, tumor size, multifocality, central lymph node metastasis (CLNM), and RLN resection. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for a comparison of recurrence outcomes.
RESULTS
In the baseline data of the 163 PTC patients, tumor size ( < 0.001), multifocality ( = 0.011), CLNM ( < 0.001), and RLN resection ( < 0.008) in the TT and HT groups differed significantly, whereas age and gender did not differ between the two groups. The TT group reported significantly higher temporary and permanent hypoparathyroidism than the HT group ( < 0.001 and = 0.042, respectively). With 72-month median follow-up, 11 (6.7%) patients developed recurrence. After propensity score matching, 24 patients with HT and 43 patients with TT were included. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) in the matched samples showed no difference between the TT and HT groups ( = 0.092).
CONCLUSION
Our results indicate that HT may be a feasible treatment for PTC patients with exclusive RLN involvement in specific circumstances without significantly increasing the risk of recurrence. Performing a thorough preoperative examination is crucial to exclude multifocal tumors and lymph node metastasis before undergoing HT.
Topics: Humans; Male; Retrospective Studies; Female; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; Propensity Score; Thyroidectomy; Middle Aged; Adult; Thyroid Neoplasms; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Aged
PubMed: 38920748
DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31060265 -
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer... Jun 2024This study was designed to determine the role of BRAF V600E and TERT mutations in the incidence of neck lymph node (LN) metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid...
OBJECTIVE
This study was designed to determine the role of BRAF V600E and TERT mutations in the incidence of neck lymph node (LN) metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study, involving PTC patients at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. Data were obtained retrospectively based on medical records, except for BRAF V600E and TERT promoter mutations. Tumor tissue specimens of PTC's patients were transferred to the Integrated Laboratory of Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia. BRAF gene multiplication was performed with KOD One PCR Master Mix (Toyobo KMM-201), while TERT gene multiplication was performed with PCR Master Mix. Data analysis was performed with SPSS version 20. The data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the Chi-Square test.
RESULT
42 PTC patients were included in the study; 19 (45%) had BRAF mutation, 20 (48%) had TERT mutation, and 20 (48%) had LN metastases. BRAF V600E mutation was associated with LN metastasis [p<0.001, OR = 25.33 (95% CI 4.92 - 130.34)], while TERT mutation was not. Patients with BRAF+ and TERT- mutations were 18.00 times (95% CI 2.01 - 161.05) more likely to develop LN metastasis than patients with BRAF- and TERT-. Furthermore, the presence of TERT mutation along with BRAF mutation increased the risk to 60.00 (95% CI 4.72 - 763.04) higher than patients with BRAF- and TERT-.
CONCLUSION
BRAF mutation was associated with LN metastasis in PTC patients, but not TERT mutations. However, the presence of TERT mutation in PTC's patients with BRAF mutation increased the risk of LN metastasis.
Topics: Humans; Telomerase; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; Female; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Thyroid Neoplasms; Cross-Sectional Studies; Mutation; Adult; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; Prognosis; Follow-Up Studies; Carcinoma, Papillary; Indonesia; Biomarkers, Tumor
PubMed: 38918666
DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.6.2043 -
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer... Jun 2024Iodine intake can affect thyroid and breast cells, and urinary iodine concentration (UIC) is an effective biomarker for iodine intake.
UNLABELLED
Iodine intake can affect thyroid and breast cells, and urinary iodine concentration (UIC) is an effective biomarker for iodine intake.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to analyze the correlation between urinary iodine concentration in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) and breast cancer (BC) subjects.
METHODS
The study consisted of 80 subjects divided into case (20 DTC and 20 BC subjects) and control (40 subjects). Morning urine or spot urine was used for UIC measurement.
RESULTS
In thyroid cancer, UIC median patients and controls were 195.45 ± 133.61 µg/L and 145 ± 39.64 µg/L, respectively, with p =0.33. The UIC median of PTC subjects was significantly higher compared to FTC subjects, 227.12±130.98 μg/L versus 68.75±22.95 μg/L, p=0.00, and papillary thyroid cancer is closely related to a high iodine excretion in urine with contingency coefficient (c)=0.722. In BC patients, regardless of subtypes, breast cancer subjects showed a significantly lower iodine excretion level. The median of UIC patients and controls were 80.05 ± 38.24 µg/L and 144.25 ± 36.79 µg/L, respectively, p=0.000.
CONCLUSIONS
Iodine urine concentrations strongly correlate with the type of DTC histopathology, and in BC subjects, IUC was significantly lower compared to the control.
Topics: Humans; Female; Iodine; Thyroid Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms; Case-Control Studies; Middle Aged; Adult; Prognosis; Male; Follow-Up Studies; Carcinoma, Papillary; Adenocarcinoma, Follicular; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary
PubMed: 38918646
DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.6.1869 -
Surgery Jun 2024Predictors of long-term survival after resection of adenocarcinoma arising from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms are unknown. This study determines predictors of...
Predictors of long-term survival after resection of adenocarcinoma arising from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and derivation of a prognostic model: An international multicenter study (ADENO-IPMN study).
BACKGROUND
Predictors of long-term survival after resection of adenocarcinoma arising from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms are unknown. This study determines predictors of long-term (>5 years) disease-free survival and recurrence in adenocarcinoma arising from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and derives a prognostic model for disease-free survival.
METHODS
Consecutive patients who underwent pancreatic resection for adenocarcinoma arising from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms in 18 academic pancreatic centers in Europe and Asia between 2010 to 2017 with at least 5-year follow-up were identified. Factors associated with disease-free survival were determined using Cox proportional hazards model. Internal validation was performed, and discrimination and calibration indices were assessed.
RESULTS
In the study, 288 patients (median age, 70 years; 52% male) were identified; 140 (48%) patients developed recurrence after a median follow-up of 98 months (interquartile range, 78.4-123), 57 patients (19.8%) developed locoregional recurrence, and 109 patients (37.8%) systemic recurrence. At 5 years after resection, the overall and disease-free survival was 46.5% (134/288) and 35.0% (101/288), respectively. On Cox proportional hazards model analysis, multivisceral resection (hazard ratio, 2.20; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-4.60), pancreatic tail location (hazard ratio, 2.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.22-4.50), poor tumor differentiation (hazard ratio, 2.48; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-5.30), lymphovascular invasion (hazard ratio, 1.74; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-2.88), and perineural invasion (hazard ratio, 1.83; 95% confidence interval, 1.09-3.10) were negatively associated with long-term disease-free survival. The final predictive model incorporated 8 predictors and demonstrated good predictive ability for disease-free survival (C-index, 0.74; calibration, slope 1.00).
CONCLUSION
A third of patients achieve long-term disease-free survival (>5 years) after pancreatic resection for adenocarcinoma arising from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms. The predictive model developed in the current study can be used to estimate the probability of long-term disease-free survival.
PubMed: 38918108
DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2024.05.010 -
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical... Jun 2024Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their important roles in various cancers, including papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). The specific mechanisms by...
PURPOSE
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are increasingly recognized for their important roles in various cancers, including papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). The specific mechanisms by which the circLIF receptor subunit alpha (circLIFR, hsa_circ_0072309) influences PTC progression remain largely unknown.
METHODS
In our study, CircLIFR, miR-429, and TIMP2 levels were assessed using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The roles of circLIFR and miR-429 in PTC cells were determined using Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, wound healing, and Transwell assays. Western blotting was utilized to examine the levels of TIMP2. The direct interaction between circLIFR, TIMP2, and miR-429 was confirmed using dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation, and fluorescence in situ hybridization assays.
RESULTS
In PTC tissues and cells, a decrease in circLIFR and TIMP2 levels, accompanied by an increase in miR-429 levels, was observed. Overexpression of circLIFR or downregulation of miR-429 effectively suppressed the proliferation and migration of PTC cells. Conversely, the knockdown of circLIFR or overexpression of miR-429 had the opposite effect. Furthermore, circLIFR overexpression suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, circLIFR modulated TIMP2 expression by serving as a sponge for miR-429. Rescue experiments indicated that the antitumor effect of circLIFR could be reversed by miR-429.
CONCLUSION
This study confirmed circLIFR as a novel tumor suppressor delayed PTC progression through the miR-429/TIMP2 axis. These findings suggested that circLIFR held promise as a potential therapeutic target for PTC.
Topics: MicroRNAs; Humans; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; RNA, Circular; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; Thyroid Neoplasms; Mice; Animals; Disease Progression; Cell Proliferation; Mice, Nude; Cell Movement; Cell Line, Tumor; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Male; Mice, Inbred BALB C
PubMed: 38914806
DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05839-7 -
Frontiers in Oncology 2024Subcutaneous implantation is an unexpected complication of thyroid surgery. Our study aimed to analyze the clinical features and outcomes of implantation after thyroid...
Subcutaneous implantation is an unexpected complication of thyroid surgery. Our study aimed to analyze the clinical features and outcomes of implantation after thyroid surgery. We retrospectively searched for the patients with implants of thyroid tumor after surgery from our database prior to August 2023. The clinical and pathological data were reviewed. Six female patients with a mean age of 33.6 ± 13.3 years were enrolled in this study. There was a rare case with mucinous adenocarcinoma, three follicular thyroid carcinoma, and two papillary thyroid carcinoma. The case with primary enteric adenocarcinoma of thyroid with subcutaneous implantation was first reported. The patient with mucinous adenocarcinoma received six courses of TP regimen chemotherapy. Five cases received radioactive iodine therapy. After a mean of 69.5 months of follow-up, one case recurred in the lateral region, and no metastasis or recurrence happened in the other five cases. Although the implantation after thyroid surgery is uncommon, the cases serve as a reminder to take greater care to avoid implantation.
PubMed: 38912068
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1412466 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Jun 2024The primary nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma (NPPA) is extremely rare which accounts for less than 0.48% of all malignant neoplasms in the nasopharynx. The...
The primary nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma (NPPA) is extremely rare which accounts for less than 0.48% of all malignant neoplasms in the nasopharynx. The clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of NPPA have not been well described. We present 2 patients with NPPA that were treated with total endoscopic resection and radiotherapy at Vietnam National Cancer Hospital. Through these cases and reviewing of the literature, we provide deeper understanding of NPPA to highlight clinical pathological characteristics and the optimal treatment strategy for patients with pathologically confirmed NPPA. Our 2 cases were successfully treated and remained disease-free 4 years after treatment. The NPPA was usually an indolent tumor with polypoid appearance and slow growth rate and has a good prognosis. Surgical excision, including endonasal endoscopic excision with or without adjuvant radiotherapy, was most effective with a localized and operable tumor.
PubMed: 38910362
DOI: 10.1177/01455613241264440 -
World Journal of Surgical Oncology Jun 2024The aim of this study is to investigate the risk factors for lateral cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study is to investigate the risk factors for lateral cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).
METHODS
Clinicopathological data (age, gender, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, preoperative circulating tumor cells (CTCs), multifocal, maximum lesion diameter, invaded capsule, T stage, and lymph node metastasis) of 830 PTC patients diagnosed and treated in Meizhou People's Hospital from June 2021 to April 2023 were collected. The related factors of lateral cervical lymph node metastasis were analyzed.
RESULTS
There were 334 (40.2%), and 103 (12.4%) PTC patients with central lymph node metastasis, and lateral cervical lymph node metastasis, respectively. Compared with patients without lateral cervical lymph node metastasis, PTC patients with lateral cervical lymph node metastasis had a higher proportion of multifocal, maximum lesion diameter > 1 cm, invaded capsule, T3-T4 stage. Regression logistic analysis showed that male (odds ratio (OR): 2.196, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.279-3.769, p = 0.004), age < 55 years old (OR: 2.057, 95% CI: 1.062-3.988, p = 0.033), multifocal (OR: 2.759, 95% CI: 1.708-4.458, p < 0.001), maximum lesion diameter > 1 cm (OR: 5.408, 95% CI: 3.233-9.046, p < 0.001), T3-T4 stage (OR: 2.396, 95% CI: 1.241-4.626, p = 0.009), and invaded capsule (OR: 2.051, 95% CI: 1.208-3.480, p = 0.008) were associated with lateral cervical lymph node metastasis.
CONCLUSIONS
Male, age < 55 years old, multifocal, maximum lesion diameter > 1 cm, T3-T4 stage, and invaded capsule were independent risk factors for lateral cervical lymph node metastasis in PTC.
Topics: Humans; Male; Lymphatic Metastasis; Female; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; Thyroid Neoplasms; Adult; Prognosis; Follow-Up Studies; Lymph Nodes; Neck; Aged; Thyroidectomy; Neoplasm Staging; Young Adult
PubMed: 38907249
DOI: 10.1186/s12957-024-03455-w -
Medicine Jun 2024The incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has increased significantly in recent years, and for patients with metastatic and recurrent PTC, the options for...
The incidence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has increased significantly in recent years, and for patients with metastatic and recurrent PTC, the options for treatment currently available are insufficient. To date, the exact molecular mechanism underlying PTC is still not fully understood. 5-Methylcytosine (m5C) RNA methylation is associated with the prognosis of a variety of tumors. However, the molecular mechanisms and biomarkers associated with m5C in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of this disease have not been fully elucidated. Ten m5C regulators with significantly different expression levels were included in this study. Immune infiltration analysis revealed significant negative correlations between most of these regulators and regulatory T cells. TRDMT1, NSUN5, and NSUN6 had high weights and strong correlations in the protein-protein interaction network. Using gene ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and gene set enrichment analysis, 1489 differentially expressed genes were screened from The Cancer Genome Atlas messenger RNA matrix, indicating that these differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in various pathways and functions related to cancers. Four m5C regulators, NSUN2, NSUN4, NSUN6, and DNMT3B, were screened as prognostic markers by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analysis, and NSUN2 and NSUN6 were identified as risk factors for poor prognosis. We found that the prognostic prediction model constructed using the m5C regulators NSUN2, NSUN4, NSUN6, and DNMT3B showed good prognostic prediction ability and diagnostic ability. This model was applied to predict the survival probability of patients with PTC, the prediction ability of 5-year survival was the best. The multi-factor prognostic prediction model combined with the tumor node metastasis stage and risk score grouping showed better prognostic predictive power.
Topics: Humans; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; Prognosis; Thyroid Neoplasms; Biomarkers, Tumor; 5-Methylcytosine; Male; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Methylation; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38905403
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038623