-
Biomaterials Science Oct 2019Oxidative damage generated by various biochemical pathways can disrupt the oxidant/antioxidant balance in cells, causing slow wound healing and tissue regeneration; in...
Oxidative damage generated by various biochemical pathways can disrupt the oxidant/antioxidant balance in cells, causing slow wound healing and tissue regeneration; in this regard, a hydrogel dressing with antioxidant properties can promote wound healing; however, its design is still a challenge. Herein, a polydopamine/puerarin (PDA/PUE) nanoparticle-incorporated polyethylene glycol diacrylate hybrid hydrogel (PEG-DA/PDA/PUE) with antioxidant properties was prepared and used as a wound-healing material. Experimental observations indicated that the PEG-DA/PDA/PUE hydrogel possessed excellent swelling capacity and mechanical property. Moreover, the antioxidant capability was enhanced with an increase in the concentration of polydopamine/puerarin nanoparticles in the hydrogel. The hydrogel presented good cell proliferation and antioxidant activity, including a decrease in ROS and increase in the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity under oxidative stress conditions. Furthermore, the full-thickness skin-defect-regeneration process could be accelerated via the antioxidant hydrogel treatment. This study validated the potential applications of an antioxidant hydrogel for wound healing.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Biocompatible Materials; Cell Proliferation; Cells, Cultured; Dental Pulp; Hydrogels; Indoles; Isoflavones; Male; Nanoparticles; Periodontal Ligament; Polymers; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reactive Oxygen Species; Stem Cells; Wound Healing
PubMed: 31393463
DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00991d -
Journal of Indian Society of... 2019The platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has proven an immense role in angiogenesis and epithelization in a wound healing process. The present study aims to ascertain PRF's...
BACKGROUND
The platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has proven an immense role in angiogenesis and epithelization in a wound healing process. The present study aims to ascertain PRF's beneficial role in wound healing after depigmentation surgery.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 12 systemically healthy controls included were divided into two groups after scalpel depigmentation procedure. PRF was prepared according to Choukroun's standard protocol. Using split-mouth design after depigmentation, one group received PRF membrane, and in second group non-eugenol periodontal dressing was placed. The participants were evaluated for visual analog scale (VAS), healing index (HI) on 3 and 5 day. Epithelization test using toluidine blue and histological examination employing punch biopsy was done on the 5 day.
RESULTS
On statistical scale, VAS, HI, epithelization test, and histological findings were statistically significant in the two study groups. PRF group proved better epithelization test and inflammatory cell infiltration was less in PRF group which confirmed superior wound healing in the group.
CONCLUSION
PRF membrane postdepigmentation provided satisfactory patient comfort and enhanced the wound healing cascade.
PubMed: 31367132
DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_688_18 -
International Journal of Clinical... 2018Conservation of primary dentition is essential for maintenance of arch length, esthetic, mastication, speech and prevention of abnormal habits. The commonly supported...
INTRODUCTION
Conservation of primary dentition is essential for maintenance of arch length, esthetic, mastication, speech and prevention of abnormal habits. The commonly supported treatment for retaining carious primary molars with affected pulp is pulpotomy.
AIM
The study aims to evaluate clinically and radiographically the rates of success and efficacy of Biodentine™ as pulpotomy medicament exclusively on primary molars with physiological root resorption.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total number of 35 primary molars in stage three of formation were selected to undergo pulpotomy treatment. All teeth were restored with pediatric stainless-steel crowns.The clinical findings were evaluated at 1, 3, 6 and 12-month intervals and the radiographic follow-ups evaluations were done at 6 and 12 months. The resulting data were tabulated and statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS© for Windows version 20.0 (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). Mc Nemar test was conducted to evaluate the differences in results between months 6 and 12.
RESULTS
Periodontal ligament space (PLS) widening and alveolar bone lesion were not seen in any of the 35 cases, 9 teeth (25.7%) manifested pulp canal obliteration (PCO), and none of the cases showed signs of pathologic root resorption. The clinical and radiographic success rates in pulpotomy using Biodentine™ at 6 and 12 months were 100%.
CONCLUSION
Pulpotomies performed with Biodentine™ were entirely successful. This dressing material appears to be a serious pulpotomy agent in primary molars with root resorption. Nasseh HN, Noueiri BE, Pilipili C, Ayoub F. Evaluation of Biodentine Pulpotomies in Deciduous Molars with Physiological Root Resorption (Stage 3). Int J Clin Pediatr Dent., 2018;11(5):393-398.
PubMed: 30787552
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1546 -
The International Journal of... 2018This clinical study was conducted to evaluate the impact of different hemostatic treatments following palatal gingival harvesting on patient discomfort. Fifty patients... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
This clinical study was conducted to evaluate the impact of different hemostatic treatments following palatal gingival harvesting on patient discomfort. Fifty patients who needed a mucogingival surgery requiring gingival graft harvesting were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of five groups: (1) a control group in which only sutures were applied; (2) a cyanoacrylate group; (3) a periodontal dressing material group; (4) a hemostatic gelatin sponge group; and (5) a group in which the gelatin sponge and cyanoacrylate were combined. In the 2 weeks following the procedures, perception of pain, healing, consumption of drugs, and willingness to repeat the procedure were recorded through visual analog scale (VAS) by patients. Over the 2 weeks, lower pain (VAS) was found in all test groups compared to the control group (P < .01, value for time-group interaction). Notably, the gelatin sponge combined with cyanoacrylate group had very low pain (VAS ≤ 0.5 points) throughout the 14 days. The lowest healing scores at day 10 were associated with the control group (6.8 VAS points) in contrast to the four test groups (8.2 to 9.0 VAS points, P = .0001). Pain was inversely correlated with age (P < .05). Pain also depended on the apicocoronal dimension of the graft: the higher the graft, the more pain was experienced by the participants (0.4 VAS points per 1 mm, P < .05). Within the limitations of this study, palatal coverage appears to result in better outcomes when compared to suture alone. In particular, a double-layered protection of the palatal wound with a gelatin sponge combined with cyanoacrylate appeared to be the best option in reducing pain and postoperative discomfort.
Topics: Gingiva; Hemostatic Techniques; Humans; Pain, Postoperative; Postoperative Hemorrhage; Surgical Sponges
PubMed: 30304077
DOI: 10.11607/prd.3581 -
Contemporary Clinical Dentistry Sep 2018Zinc oxide-eugenol dressing is widely used in the dentistry field. Eugenol in wound dressing acts as an antibacterial and analgesic agent but known to cause...
INTRODUCTION
Zinc oxide-eugenol dressing is widely used in the dentistry field. Eugenol in wound dressing acts as an antibacterial and analgesic agent but known to cause hypersensitivity reaction and allergies. rhizome extract could perform as a substitute of eugenol as its active compounds have an anti-inflammation, antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial properties. It has also been shown to have proangiogenic and promote wound healing. This study aimed to discover the number of neovascular in the wound healing process after the application of zinc oxide and rhizome extract wound dressing.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Full-thickness excision wound of 6 mm × 6 mm was made in the dorsal of 32 Wistar strains Rattus norvegicus, before being equally divided into eight groups ( = 4): four control groups (C3, C5, C7, and C14) without any dressing and 4 treatment groups (T3, T5, T7, and T14) were dressed with zinc oxide and extract wound dressing. The rats consecutively sacrificed on day 3 (C3, T3), day 5 (C5, T5), day 7 (C7, T7), and day 14 (C14, T14) to observe the neovascular pattern and number using H and E staining. Obtained data were analyzed using ANOVA.
RESULTS
The neovascular growth in both control and treatment groups have the same pattern, while the number of neovascular in treatment groups significantly higher than the control groups ( < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Wound dressing combination of zinc oxide and extract can increase the number of neovascular in the wound healing process, while the optimum duration of application is 14 days.
PubMed: 30294168
DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_435_18 -
European Journal of Dentistry 2018Studies about the dispersion of hydroxyl ions through dentin of endodontically retreated teeth are scarce. The present study aims at examining the diffusion of calcium...
OBJECTIVE
Studies about the dispersion of hydroxyl ions through dentin of endodontically retreated teeth are scarce. The present study aims at examining the diffusion of calcium hydroxide by recording the pH changes of retreated root canal using two types of calcium hydroxide preparations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 45 recently extracted single-rooted mandibular first premolars were collected and cleaned from calculus and remains of periodontal tissue. The teeth so collected were stored in thymol 10% solution till use. During collection, teeth with cracks, open apices, and restorations were excluded. Root canal preparations were performed using Protaper rotary system files, till #F3 file. All canals were obturated using cold lateral condensation and zinc oxide-based sealer. After 7 days, all gutta-percha were removed and the canals were irrigated with normal saline. The teeth were then randomly distributed into three groups. Canals in Group I were kept empty without any dressing to serve as a negative control group, Canals in Group II were filled with a freshly prepared mixture of calcium hydroxide powder with normal saline solution, and Group III was filled with Metapex. Periodically, the calcium hydroxide material was removed and the pH was measured using pH meter at 7, 10, 14, and 30 days.
RESULTS
The pH values of Group II and III ranged between 9.2 and 11.2. This was found to be highly significant against the negative control group. After 7 and 10 days, freshly mixed Ca(OH) showed the higher pH than the creamy Metapex, and statistically the difference was highly significant after 10 days (<0.001). After 14 days, Metapex group pH was higher than freshly mixed Ca(OH), but it was not statistically significant as they reached nearly the same pH after 30 days (>0.05).
CONCLUSION
All Ca(OH) preparations had high pH around the roots after 7 and 10 days. Metapex continued to have higher pH after 14 days.
PubMed: 30147404
DOI: 10.4103/ejd.ejd_77_18 -
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Aug 2018Lumbar intervertebral disc herniation is a common cause of lower back and leg pain, with surgical intervention (e.g. discectomy to remove the herniated disc) recommended... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Lumbar intervertebral disc herniation is a common cause of lower back and leg pain, with surgical intervention (e.g. discectomy to remove the herniated disc) recommended after an appropriate period of conservative management, however the existing or increased breach of the annulus fibrosus persists with the potential of reherniation. Several prosthesis and techniques to reduce re-herniation have been proposed including implantation of an annular closure device (ACD) - Barricaid™ and an annular tissue repair system (AR) - Anulex-Xclose™. The aim of this meta-analysis is to assist surgeons determine a potential approach to reduce incidences of recurrent lumbar disc herniation and assess the current devices regarding their outcomes and complications.
METHODS
Four electronic full-text databases were systematically searched through September 2017. Data including outcomes of annular closure device/annular repair were extracted. All results were pooled utilising meta-analysis with weighted mean difference and odds ratio as summary statistics.
RESULTS
Four studies met inclusion criteria. Three studies reported the use of Barricaid (ACD) while one study reported the use of Anulex (AR). A total of 24 symptomatic reherniation were reported among 811 discectomies with ACD/AR as compared to 51 out of 645 in the control group (OR: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.20,0.56; I = 0%; P < 0.0001). Durotomies were lower among the ACD/AR patients with only 3 reported cases compared to 7 in the control group (OR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.13, 2.23; I = 11%; P = 0.39). Similar outcomes for post-operative Oswestry Disability Index and visual analogue scale were obtained when both groups were compared.
CONCLUSION
Early results showed the use of Barricaid and Anulex devices are beneficial for short term outcomes demonstrating reduction in symptomatic disc reherniation with low post-operative complication rates. Long-term studies are required to further investigate the efficacy of such devices.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Biomechanical Phenomena; Diskectomy; Female; Humans; Intervertebral Disc; Intervertebral Disc Displacement; Lumbar Vertebrae; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontal Dressings; Postoperative Complications; Prosthesis Design; Recovery of Function; Recurrence; Resins, Synthetic; Risk Factors; Time Factors; Total Disc Replacement; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 30115053
DOI: 10.1186/s12891-018-2213-5 -
Iranian Endodontic Journal 2018The aim of this study was to compare the antibacterial effects of two gels containing zinc oxide and zinc oxide/silver nanoparticles and a mixture of calcium hydroxide...
INTRODUCTION
The aim of this study was to compare the antibacterial effects of two gels containing zinc oxide and zinc oxide/silver nanoparticles and a mixture of calcium hydroxide and 0.12% chlorhexidine as intracanal medicaments in root canals contaminated with () at different time intervals.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
After preparation and culturing of in 132 single root teeth, the initial count of bacteria was performed. Then, different materials as intracanal medicaments were used in periods of 3, 7 and 14 days (group 1: calcium hydroxide with 0.12% CHX paste; group 2 zinc oxide nanoparticles gel; group 3: zinc oxide/silver nanoparticles gel; group 4: normal saline as the control group). After the specified time, intracanal medicament was removed and the final count of bacteria was performed. Antibacterial effect of materials was counted by measuring the percentage reduction in the colony counts (RCC). Data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics (Mean±SD) and multi-factorial analysis of variance (by taking into account the effect of the time factor on the dependent variable).
RESULTS
There were no statistically significant differences among mean RCC of different time intervals in each group (=0.09). However, the differences in mean RCC of different dressing materials were significant (<0.001). The effect of interaction between time and materials was significant (=0.015). Comparison of the antibacterial effects of experimental agents at different time intervals showed that the mean RCC in group 1 was higher than other groups (<0.001). The difference in antibacterial effect between groups 2 and 3 was not significant (>0.05). The minimum antibacterial effect was observed in group 4 (<0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS
The mixture of calcium hydroxide/chlorhexidine as an intracanal medicament was more effective than zinc oxide and zinc oxide/silver nanoparticles gels.
PubMed: 30083198
DOI: 10.22037/iej.v13i3.19866 -
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Jul 2018Minimally invasive techniques for lumbar discectomy have been recommended as superior to open techniques due to lower blood loss, lower rates of infection and shorter...
BACKGROUND
Minimally invasive techniques for lumbar discectomy have been recommended as superior to open techniques due to lower blood loss, lower rates of infection and shorter recovery. There are, however, concerns that this approach does not sufficiently remove the herniated nuclear material, thus leaving the patient susceptible to reherniation requiring reoperation. The purpose of this study was to examine the safety and viability of an annular closure device in limiting reherniation and reoperation in a cohort of patients undergoing minimally invasive lumbar discectomy with the assistance of an annular closure device.
METHODS
We retrospectively analysed the results from patients treated by a single surgeon between March 2011 and December 2017. All patients had been diagnosed with a large (≥ 5 mm) defect and were treated via minimally invasive surgical techniques. Outcomes included demographic data, the procedural duration and the rates of symptomatic reherniation and reoperation.
RESULTS
60 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 42 years (range: 19-66); mean BMI was 24.1 (range: 16.7-36.3). Mean surgical duration was 29 min (range: 16-50). Reoperation was required in 5% (3/60) of patients, although only 3% (2/60) experienced symptomatic reherniation at the index level. No other complications were reported.
CONCLUSIONS
In our study, the use of an annular closure device during minimally invasive lumbar discectomy in a population of patients with large herniations was associated with low rates of reherniation and reoperation at the index level. While more research is required, the results of this study demonstrate the safety and viability of the annular closure device as an adjunct to minimally invasive discectomy.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Bone-Anchored Prosthesis; Diskectomy, Percutaneous; Female; Humans; Intervertebral Disc; Intervertebral Disc Displacement; Lumbar Vertebrae; Male; Microsurgery; Middle Aged; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Periodontal Dressings; Prosthesis Design; Recurrence; Reoperation; Resins, Synthetic; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Time Factors; Total Disc Replacement; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 30053813
DOI: 10.1186/s12891-018-2178-4 -
The Open Dentistry Journal 2018Conventional periodontal treatment, performed quadrant by quadrant in multiple visits, was re-evaluated in the early 1990s when the full-mouth disinfection concept was... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Conventional periodontal treatment, performed quadrant by quadrant in multiple visits, was re-evaluated in the early 1990s when the full-mouth disinfection concept was introduced. Over the years, several modifications to the full-mouth disinfection approach have been suggested.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this article is to review the evolution of full-mouth disinfection during the past 20 years, to specify its indications and to consider the prospects for this approach.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
An electronic and manual search of the literature, ending in December 2016, was performed by two independent researchers. Only pivotal studies and randomized controlled clinical trials published in the English language that evaluated a new approach to full-mouth disinfection were selected.
RESULTS
According to the studies included in our analysis (21 articles), several modified full-mouth disinfection protocols have been designed including: full-mouth treatment without chlorhexidine, the extension of hygiene methods and an increase in the duration of post-treatment chlorhexidine use, the replacement of chlorhexidine with other antiseptics, supplementation with antibiotics or probiotics, full-mouth antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and one-stage full-mouth disinfection combined with a periodontal dressing.
CONCLUSION
Since 1995, several modifications have been suggested to improve the effectiveness of full-mouth disinfection. The majority of the studies demonstrate that the results obtained with full-mouth disinfection and its variants are equivalent to each other and to those obtained with the conventional quadrant method. Currently, the selection of this technique remains empirical and depends on the preferences of the practitioner and the patient. In the future, a patient-centered approach should be the best indication for the use of this technique.
PubMed: 29988213
DOI: 10.2174/1874210601812010435