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International Journal of Biological... Sep 2018Interconnected microporous biodegradable and biocompatible chitin/silk fibroin/TiO nanocomposite wound dressing with high antibacterial, blood clotting and mechanical...
Interconnected microporous biodegradable and biocompatible chitin/silk fibroin/TiO nanocomposite wound dressing with high antibacterial, blood clotting and mechanical strength properties were synthesized using freeze-drying method. The prepared nanocomposite dressings were characterized using SEM, FTIR, and XRD analysis. The prepared nanocomposite dressings showed high porosity above 90% with well-defined interconnected porous construction. Swelling and water uptake of the dressing were 93%, which is great for wound dressing applications. Haemostatic potential of the prepared dressings was studied and the results proved the higher blood clotting ability of the nanocomposites compared to pure components and commercially available products. Besides, cell viability, attachment and proliferation by MTT assay and DAPI staining on HFFF2 cell as a Human Caucasian Foetal Foreskin Fibroblast proved the cytocompatibility nature of the nanocomposite scaffolds with well improved proliferation and cell attachment. To determine the antimicrobial efficiencies, both disc diffusion method and colony counts were performed and results imply that nanocomposite scaffolds have high antimicrobial activity and could successfully inhibit the growth of E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans. Moreover, based on these results, the prepared chitin/silk fibroin/TiO nanocomposite dressing could serve as a kind of promising wound dressing with great antibacterial and antifungal properties.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Bandages; Candida albicans; Cell Line; Chitin; Escherichia coli; Fibroins; Humans; Nanocomposites; Staphylococcus aureus; Titanium
PubMed: 29782987
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.102 -
Journal of Indian Society of... 2018The platelet concentrate is a windfall in the field of regenerative therapy in periodontology. It accelerates wound healing by excellent neovascularization and promoting...
BACKGROUND
The platelet concentrate is a windfall in the field of regenerative therapy in periodontology. It accelerates wound healing by excellent neovascularization and promoting fast cicatricle tissue remodeling.
AIM
This study aims to evaluate clinically and histologically accelerated effect of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane and PRF matrix (PRFM) following depigmentation procedure.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Eleven individuals were divided into three groups after depigmentation procedure. PRF membrane and PRFM gel were prepared as per standard protocol. Group A and B received PRF membrane and PRFM gel followed by periodontal dressing, respectively, and the only periodontal dressing was placed in Group C. The individuals were evaluated for visual analog scale (VAS) and healing index (HI) on 3 and 5 day. Epithelization test and histologic analysis from punch biopsy were done on the 5 day. At 3 month, reevaluation was performed.
RESULTS
The intergroup statistical analysis in respect to VAS, HI, epithelization test, and histologic analysis showed a statistically significant results with < 0.001 in Groups A and B compared to Group C. Clinical evaluation of epithelization test and histologic analysis revealed better-wound healing and moderate to no inflammatory cell infiltrate in Groups A and B, respectively, as compared to Group C, which appeared more erythematous with dense inflammatory cells.
CONCLUSION
Thus, the application of PRF membrane and PRFM gel has shown a successful approach to protect the raw wound area of depigmented sites with better patient comfort and faster healing.
PubMed: 29769770
DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_342_17 -
Compendium of Continuing Education in... May 2018In type II sockets, the soft-tissue level is at or coronal to the cementoenamel junction, and part of the buccal plate is missing. In the esthetic zone, a patient with...
In type II sockets, the soft-tissue level is at or coronal to the cementoenamel junction, and part of the buccal plate is missing. In the esthetic zone, a patient with this type of situation often is not a good candidate for immediate implant placement until the osseous defect is repaired. Therefore, use of a conservative regenerative procedure to repair such a defective socket would be advantageous. The Cytocone procedure utilizes a nonresorbable dense polytetrafluorethylene (d-PTFE) barrier and modifies the classic "ice cream cone" technique to restore a buccal osseous defect without raising a labial flap. This article describes and illustrates the Cytocone procedure.
Topics: Adult; Bone Regeneration; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Female; Fluorocarbon Polymers; Humans; Occlusive Dressings; Surgical Flaps; Tooth Socket
PubMed: 29714495
DOI: No ID Found -
Clinical Oral Investigations Jun 2018Since its first use for the reconstruction of tissue defects in the oral cavity in 1985, human amniotic membrane (hAM) has been widely studied in the field of oral... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
Since its first use for the reconstruction of tissue defects in the oral cavity in 1985, human amniotic membrane (hAM) has been widely studied in the field of oral surgery. Despite the growing number of publications in this field, there is no systematic review or meta-analysis concerning its clinical applications, outcome assessments, and relevance in oral surgery. The aim of this review is to provide a thorough understanding of the potential use of hAM for soft and hard tissue reconstruction in the oral cavity.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic electronic and a manual literature search of the MEDLINE-PubMed database and Scopus database was completed. Patient, Intervention, Comparison and Outcomes (PICO) technique was used to select the relevant articles to meet the objective. Studies using hAM for oral reconstruction, and conducted on human subjects, were included in this survey.
RESULTS
A total of 17 articles were analyzed. Five areas of interest were identified as potential clinical application: periodontal surgery, cleft palate and tumor reconstruction, prosthodontics and peri-implant surgery. Overall, periodontal surgery was the only discipline to assess the efficacy of hAM with randomized clinical trials. The wide variability of preservation methods of hAM and the lack of objective measurements were observed in this study.
CONCLUSION
hAM is already used in the field of oral surgery. Despite this, there is weak clinical evidence demonstrating convincingly the benefit of hAM in this area compared to standard surgery.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Several studies now suggest the interest of hAM for periodontal tissue repair. Due to its biological and mechanical properties, hAM seems to be a promising treatment for wound healing in various areas of oral reconstruction. However, further randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm these preliminary results.
Topics: Amnion; Biological Dressings; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Oral Surgical Procedures
PubMed: 29682688
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2457-3 -
The International Journal of... 2018The purpose of this case report was to introduce a novel technique for de-epithelializing autogenous gingival graft that can be combined with coronally advanced flap for...
The purpose of this case report was to introduce a novel technique for de-epithelializing autogenous gingival graft that can be combined with coronally advanced flap for root coverage and soft tissue augmentation. This technique allows for easier, predictable harvesting of connective tissue of excellent quality and quantity without inclusion of undesirable submucosa or adipose tissues. Reduced surgical chair time and double protection of the donor site using the combination of cyanoacrylate and periodontal dressing allowed for uneventful postoperative healing.
Topics: Adult; Female; Gingiva; Gingival Recession; Humans; Laser Therapy; Male; Middle Aged; Surgical Flaps; Young Adult
PubMed: 29641630
DOI: 10.11607/prd.3587 -
Brazilian Oral Research Mar 2018The aim of this study is to evaluate the action of paramonochlorophenol associated with Furacin followed by calcium hydroxide (CH) dressing in the control of...
The aim of this study is to evaluate the action of paramonochlorophenol associated with Furacin followed by calcium hydroxide (CH) dressing in the control of inflammatory root resorption in cases of immediate tooth replantation with delayed endodontic treatment. A total of 28 incisors of 3 male dogs were extracted and replanted after 15 minutes, and randomly divided into 3 groups: Group I (n = 8) - endodontic treatment was performed before the extraction and replantation; Group II (n = 10) - endodontic treatment was performed 30 days after replantation and the root canal was filled with CH dressing; Group III (n = 10) - endodontic treatment was performed 30 days after replantation and root canals received temporary medication of paramonochlorophenol-Furacin followed by CH dressing. The animals were euthanized 90 days after replantation. The histomorphological events analyzed at the epithelial reattachment site were the intensity and extent of acute and chronic inflammatory processes, periodontal ligament (PDL) organization, the intensity and extent of acute and chronic inflammatory processes in the PDL space, root resorption, bone tissue, and ankylosis. Data were submitted to the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test for group comparison (α = 5%). In Groups I, II and III the periodontal ligament was regenerated and most of the resorption areas were repaired by newly formed cementum. The depth and extent of root resorption were significantly higher in Group II than in Group III. The use of paramonochlorophenol-furacin followed by CH dressing was more effective in controlling inflammatory root resorption after immediate tooth replantation.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Calcium Hydroxide; Chlorophenols; Dogs; Male; Medical Illustration; Nitrofurazone; Periodontal Ligament; Random Allocation; Reproducibility of Results; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Therapy; Root Resorption; Time Factors; Tooth Replantation; Tooth Root; Tooth, Nonvital; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29513885
DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107/2018.vol32.0007 -
Journal of Natural Science, Biology,... 2018The aim was to compare the gingival tissue response following placement of a light cure dressing (Barricaid) and a non-eugenol periodontal dressing (Coe-Pak) after...
AIM
The aim was to compare the gingival tissue response following placement of a light cure dressing (Barricaid) and a non-eugenol periodontal dressing (Coe-Pak) after periodontal flap procedure. This was carried out by evaluating plaque deposition underneath both the dressings, healing response and the patient preference for each.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 12 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis requiring surgery in at least two different quadrants were enrolled for this split-mouth study. After periodontal flap surgery, Coe-Pak was placed in the quadrant assigned to Group I and Barricaid was placed in the other quadrant assigned to Group II. Clinical parameters were recorded on day 7 and day 14. Patient comfort and pain levels were also evaluated by a questionnaire.
RESULTS
There were no statistically significant differences in wound healing and the clinical gingival parameters between two groups. The only significant difference was found in the plaque attached underneath the dressing, with Coe-Pak showing greater plaque accumulation than Barricaid. Seventy five (75) % of the patients preferred Barricaid over Coe-Pak, based on its appearance and taste.
CONCLUSION
The non-eugenol dressing seemed to retain more plaque on its undersurface than light-cure dressing. However, this did not have much influence on the healing outcome and clinical gingival parameters, which were optimal and comparable in both groups. The greater number of patients showed a preference for light cure dressing, based on its superior esthetics and taste.
PubMed: 29456396
DOI: 10.4103/jnsbm.JNSBM_75_17 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Nov 2017Alveolar bone resorption is a significant clinical problem. Bone loss in third molar region following extraction or surgical removal not only leads to periodontal...
Assessment of Regeneration of Bone in the Extracted Third Molar Sockets Augmented Using Xenograft (CollaPlug Zimmer) in Comparison with the Normal Healing on the Contralateral Side.
INTRODUCTION
Alveolar bone resorption is a significant clinical problem. Bone loss in third molar region following extraction or surgical removal not only leads to periodontal problems in second molar region but also it may lead to some serious problems like increased incidence of angle fractures. In order to reduce the risks following third molar surgery, the socket should be augmented with bone grafts. In recent days guided tissue regeneration is the most accepted and successful technique followed many authors and its efficacy has been proved.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Based upon our clinical experience, the use of bio absorbable collagen wound dressing such as CollaPlug has achieved quick healing and more primary wound coverage. Amongst the graft materials collagen is preferable due to its high biocompatibility and hemostatic ability. This study was done to assess the regeneration of bone in the extracted third molar sockets using xenograft (CollaPlug-Zimmer) which was compared with the normal healing on the contra lateral side. The assessment was done to analyze post-operative healing complications and to compare the bone density formed between control site and implant site radiologically.
CONCLUSION
On this basis of this study, the use of collaplugTN appears to be beneficial to the patient in postoperative wound healing and also for better bone formation. The use of this material was advantageous because of its simplicity of application cost effectiveness and availability. There is enhanced wound healing and early bone formation.
PubMed: 29284960
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_176_17 -
Journal of Endodontics Mar 2018Calcium hydroxide has been widely used to treat immature teeth to achieve periodontal healing and to promote the formation of an apical barrier. However, retrospective...
INTRODUCTION
Calcium hydroxide has been widely used to treat immature teeth to achieve periodontal healing and to promote the formation of an apical barrier. However, retrospective clinical studies have shown a high incidence of cervical root fractures with long-term calcium hydroxide dressing. The alkalinity of calcium hydroxide has been suggested to weaken the root. In vitro studies using ovine teeth show conflicting results on fracture strength of dentine, although different commercial products may have influenced the results. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 2 commercial products used in prior studies (Calasept Plus and UltraCal XS), as well as a new product (Calmix) that uses a nonaqueous vehicle that allows for a higher pH, on the fracture strength of dentine over time.
METHODS
A total of 330 lamb incisor teeth were collected and the canals prepared so that 3 commercial calcium hydroxide products as well as a positive control of pure calcium hydroxide slurry that filled the root canal from the open apex and a negative control of saline was tested. The teeth were loaded until fracture with a universal testing machine at time points 0, 3, 6, and 9 months and the force to fracture was calculated. The data were analyzed with Friedman analysis of variance and Mann-Whitney t tests.
RESULTS
No statistical differences were observed between the different calcium hydroxide products and the negative controls.
CONCLUSIONS
Thin and fragile roots could be the cause of fracture rather than the calcium hydroxide dressing.
Topics: Animals; Bandages; Calcium Chloride; Calcium Hydroxide; Dentin; Drug Combinations; Potassium Chloride; Sheep; Sodium Bicarbonate; Sodium Chloride; Time Factors; Tooth Fractures
PubMed: 29254817
DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.09.018 -
Journal of Clinical and Experimental... Oct 2017Presence of voids at root canal wall‒apical seal material interface gives rise to the entrapment of toxins and microorganisms, which might have a relationship with...
BACKGROUND
Presence of voids at root canal wall‒apical seal material interface gives rise to the entrapment of toxins and microorganisms, which might have a relationship with post treatment disease. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of different mixing (manual and ultrasonic) and placement (manual and manual in association with indirect ultrasonic) methods of Calcium-enriched Mixture (CEM) cement on the number and dimensions of voids in the apical plug in simulated apexification models.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A total of 80 human maxillary central incisors with mature apices were selected. After simulation of the open apices, the teeth were divided into 4 groups (n=20) based on the mixing and placement techniques of CEM cement: group 1, manual mixing‒manual placement; group 2, manual mixing‒manual placement in association with indirect ultrasonic technique; group 3, ultrasonic mixing‒manual placement; and group 4, ultrasonic mixing‒manual placement in association with indirect ultrasonic technique. The samples were placed within gypsum sockets in which the periodontal ligament was reconstructed with polyether impression material. After placement the apical plugs, a wet piece of cotton was placed on canal orifices, followed by dressing with Cavit. The samples were incubated at 37°C and 100% relative humidity for 7 days. Then the voids between the material and root canal walls were counted with the CBCT technique. The void dimensions were scored with the following scoring system: score 1, no voids; score 2, the void size less than half of the size of the evaluated cross-section; score 3, the void size larger than half of the size of the evaluated cross-section. Statistical analyses were carried out with chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests. Statistical significance was defined at <0.05.
RESULTS
The maximum (7) and minimum (2) number of voids were detected in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The difference between these two groups was statistically significant (<0.05). The differences in the number of voids between groups with similar mixing technique and different mixing techniques (i.e. groups 1 and 3 and groups 2 and 4) were not significant (>0.05). Void dimensions in all the study groups were in score 2 category and no score 3 was recorded in the study groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Under the limitations of the present study, manual placement in association with indirect ultrasonic technique was a proper technique to improve the quality of apical plug, considering the decrease in the number of voids. Apical plug, CEM cement, void.
PubMed: 29167715
DOI: 10.4317/jced.53236