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A New Pandemic of the XXIst Century: The Growing Crisis of Adolescent Depression in the Digital Age.Medical Science Monitor : International... Jun 2024In a reality dominated by social media and affected by the recent COVID-19 pandemic, the mental health of people in various age groups has undoubtedly suffered,... (Review)
Review
In a reality dominated by social media and affected by the recent COVID-19 pandemic, the mental health of people in various age groups has undoubtedly suffered, especially among young people. Statistics confirm that adolescent depression is a significant health problem and is the most common cause of disability in this age group. Research shows the multifactorial basis of this disease entity, placing particular emphasis on the genetic, environmental, and biological background. A family history of depression can increase the risk of developing depression by 4-fold. A teenager, being part of many systems, such as family, school community, and social media co-user, is exposed to many stressors. Maturing youth have a very demanding educational plan to implement, and depression causes a decline in cognitive functions, which are so important in acquiring knowledge. Among many patients, an additional risk is self-harm and suicide, which are part of the clinical picture of depressive disorders. Suicide accounts for about one-third of mortality among youth. We draw attention to the need to increase educational and psychoeducational impacts on adolescent depression, as it is a huge health problem that has an impact on all areas of a young person's life. The trend of depression among adolescents is constantly increasing. The aim of this article is to review the global causes and consequences of the growing number of cases of depression, self-harm, and suicide among children and adolescents, as well as contemporary approaches to management.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; COVID-19; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Mental Health; Pandemics; SARS-CoV-2; Self-Injurious Behavior; Social Media; Suicide; Child
PubMed: 38900715
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.944838 -
Revue Medicale Suisse Jun 2024Despite chronic primary pain being recognized as a disease in the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), individuals suffering from it...
Despite chronic primary pain being recognized as a disease in the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), individuals suffering from it are still too frequently met with a certain skepticism. This skepticism can detrimentally affect their healthcare journey, social life, and economic stability. This article outlines part of the legal evolution regarding the recognition of chronic pain as well as the current insurance-related provisions in Switzerland. With a thorough understanding of this system, physicians can reduce frustration and disputes as well as promoting decision-making processes. The article concludes by highlighting the tools that physicians can use to navigate procedures related to disability insurance effectively.
Topics: Humans; Chronic Pain; Switzerland; Insurance, Disability; Disabled Persons; International Classification of Diseases
PubMed: 38898753
DOI: 10.53738/REVMED.2024.20.879.1190 -
Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine Jun 2024To examine the association between physical activity, neck circumference, and cardiovascular disease risk in older wheelchair users.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the association between physical activity, neck circumference, and cardiovascular disease risk in older wheelchair users.
DESIGN
A cross-sectional study.
SUBJECTS/PATIENTS
Sixty-one Korean wheelchair users aged 50 years and older.
METHODS
Physical activity was assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Neck circumference was measured with a tape ruler. Cardiovascular disease risk was evaluated by calculating the Framingham risk score (FRS) for estimating 10-year cardiovascular disease risk, which was classified as low-moderate (19% or less) or high risk (20% or more).
RESULTS
The FRS for 10-year cardiovascular disease risk was inversely related to physical activity (beta [SE] = -0.213 (0.103), p = 0.043) and positively related to neck circumference (beta [SE] = 1.331 ± 0.419, p = 0.003). Binary logistic regression showed that those with low physical activity (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 4.256 (1.188~15.243), p = 0.026) or a large neck circumference (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] = 3.645 (1.172~11.338), p = 0.025) had a higher risk for high cardiovascular disease risk compared with those with high physical activity or normal neck circumference.
CONCLUSION
The current study findings suggest that an intervention targeting physical inactivity and upper-body obesity should be implemented to reduce cardiovascular disease risk in older wheelchair users.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Neck; Cross-Sectional Studies; Wheelchairs; Aged; Cardiovascular Diseases; Motor Activity; Risk Factors; Heart Disease Risk Factors; Exercise; Surveys and Questionnaires; Disabled Persons
PubMed: 38898678
DOI: 10.2340/jrm.v56.35279 -
Historia, Ciencias, Saude--Manguinhos 2024This text presents the partial results of ongoing research into deafness in history teaching and historiography between 2015 and 2022. The study problematizes the place...
This text presents the partial results of ongoing research into deafness in history teaching and historiography between 2015 and 2022. The study problematizes the place of disabled people in top-ranking periodicals (the top two categories in Brazil) and in pedagogical projects on degree courses in history (with and without teacher-training certification) at the University of São Paulo and the State University of Campinas. These universities were chosen because they topped the ranking in a survey conducted by Folha de S.Paulo newspaper. The study observes how the Brazilian Inclusion Law (law 13.146, of July 6, 2015) is incorporated into the initial training of these professionals.
Topics: Humans; Brazil; Historiography; Deafness; Universities; History, 21st Century; Disabled Persons
PubMed: 38896751
DOI: 10.1590/S0104-59702024000100028 -
Ciencia & Saude Coletiva Jun 2024The objective of this study was to assess the performance of primary health care (PHC) services for disability prevention, detection and assistance in the state of São...
The objective of this study was to assess the performance of primary health care (PHC) services for disability prevention, detection and assistance in the state of São Paulo. The study included 2739 health services, from 514 municipalities. 128 organizational quality indicators of the QualiAB instrument referring to the evaluative dimension "Attention to disability in primary health care services". The association of health care performance score of each domain with independent variables, health assessment, and support network were tested using of multiple linear regression. The performance percentage was 61.6% for all domains, 73.6% for structure (inputs and human resources), 68.7% for qualification of prenatal care, 56.1% for qualification of child health care, 55.8% for prevention of disabilities related to chronic conditions, and 53.9% for attention to people with disabilities and caregivers. There was a significant association with variables related to the type of service and participation in service evaluations. PHC services still perform incipient actions for the prevention, surveillance and diagnosis of disabilities as well as for comprehensive care for people with disabilities.
Topics: Brazil; Primary Health Care; Humans; Disabled Persons; Quality Indicators, Health Care; Linear Models; Health Services for Persons with Disabilities
PubMed: 38896664
DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232024296.00732023 -
Child: Care, Health and Development Jul 2024The daily physical activity (PA) patterns of children and adolescents are intricate and ambiguous, with varying effects on myopia resulting from different combinations...
BACKGROUND
The daily physical activity (PA) patterns of children and adolescents are intricate and ambiguous, with varying effects on myopia resulting from different combinations of PA. This study aims to scrutinize the spectrum of PA patterns among children and adolescents and assess their impact on myopia.
METHODS
Data sourced from the 2014 National Student Physical Fitness Survey (Tianjin segment) encompassed PA records and visual acuity measurements of participants. Latent Class Analysis and a generalized linear model were employed to investigate the relationship between PA categories and visual acuity across different educational stages.
RESULTS
The study comprised 6465 primary and middle school students, among whom 50.13% were male. PA patterns were categorized into high (27.16%), medium (29.88%) and low visual acuity regulation groups (13.97%) and the nonmainstream group (28.99%). Following adjustments for sex, age, region and BMI, the medium visual acuity regulation group exhibited a lower risk of myopia (OR = 0.617, 95% CI = 0.424-0.897, p = 0.012; OR = 0.654, 95% CI = 0.438-0.976, p = 0.038) compared to the nonmainstream group among junior and senior middle school students.
CONCLUSION
The efficacy of diverse PA patterns in mitigating myopia risk varies across educational stages and is influenced by sex-specific factors. It is imperative to advance myopia management strategies by emphasizing tailored PA interventions, discerning between PA patterns and delivering timely guidance and interventions tailored to distinct educational stages and sexes.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Child; Myopia; Exercise; Adolescent; Visual Acuity; Latent Class Analysis; Students; Risk Factors; Cross-Sectional Studies
PubMed: 38895956
DOI: 10.1111/cch.13296 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024An easy-to-use and reliable tool is essential for gait assessment of people with gait pathologies. This study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the OneStep...
An easy-to-use and reliable tool is essential for gait assessment of people with gait pathologies. This study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the OneStep smartphone application compared to the C-Mill-VR+ treadmill (Motek, Nederlands), among patients undergoing rehabilitation for unilateral lower extremity disability. Spatiotemporal gait parameters were extracted from the treadmill and from two smartphones, one on each leg. Inter-device reliability was evaluated using Pearson correlation, intra-cluster correlation coefficient (ICC), and Cohen's d, comparing the application's readings from the two phones. Validity was assessed by comparing readings from each phone to the treadmill. Twenty-eight patients completed the study; the median age was 45.5 years, and 61% were males. The ICC between the phones showed a high correlation (r = 0.89-1) and good-to-excellent reliability (ICC range, 0.77-1) for all the gait parameters examined. The correlations between the phones and the treadmill were mostly above 0.8. The ICC between each phone and the treadmill demonstrated moderate-to-excellent validity for all the gait parameters (range, 0.58-1). Only 'step length of the impaired leg' showed poor-to-good validity (range, 0.37-0.84). Cohen's d effect size was small (d < 0.5) for all the parameters. The studied application demonstrated good reliability and validity for spatiotemporal gait assessment in patients with unilateral lower limb disability.
Topics: Humans; Male; Smartphone; Middle Aged; Female; Lower Extremity; Mobile Applications; Adult; Gait; Gait Analysis; Reproducibility of Results; Disabled Persons; Exercise Test; Aged
PubMed: 38894386
DOI: 10.3390/s24113594 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024Because of the absence of visual perception, visually impaired individuals encounter various difficulties in their daily lives. This paper proposes a visual aid system...
Because of the absence of visual perception, visually impaired individuals encounter various difficulties in their daily lives. This paper proposes a visual aid system designed specifically for visually impaired individuals, aiming to assist and guide them in grasping target objects within a tabletop environment. The system employs a visual perception module that incorporates a semantic visual SLAM algorithm, achieved through the fusion of ORB-SLAM2 and YOLO V5s, enabling the construction of a semantic map of the environment. In the human-machine cooperation module, a depth camera is integrated into a wearable device worn on the hand, while a vibration array feedback device conveys directional information of the target to visually impaired individuals for tactile interaction. To enhance the system's versatility, a Dobot Magician manipulator is also employed to aid visually impaired individuals in grasping tasks. The performance of the semantic visual SLAM algorithm in terms of localization and semantic mapping was thoroughly tested. Additionally, several experiments were conducted to simulate visually impaired individuals' interactions in grasping target objects, effectively verifying the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed system. Overall, this system demonstrates its capability to assist and guide visually impaired individuals in perceiving and acquiring target objects.
Topics: Humans; Wearable Electronic Devices; Visually Impaired Persons; Algorithms; Hand Strength; Self-Help Devices; Visual Perception; Semantics; Male
PubMed: 38894383
DOI: 10.3390/s24113593 -
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024The inability to see makes moving around very difficult for visually impaired persons. Due to their limited movement, they also struggle to protect themselves against... (Review)
Review
The inability to see makes moving around very difficult for visually impaired persons. Due to their limited movement, they also struggle to protect themselves against moving and non-moving objects. Given the substantial rise in the population of those with vision impairments in recent years, there has been an increasing amount of research devoted to the development of assistive technologies. This review paper highlights the state-of-the-art assistive technology, tools, and systems for improving the daily lives of visually impaired people. Multi-modal mobility assistance solutions are also evaluated for both indoor and outdoor environments. Lastly, an analysis of several approaches is also provided, along with recommendations for the future.
Topics: Humans; Self-Help Devices; Visually Impaired Persons
PubMed: 38894363
DOI: 10.3390/s24113572 -
BMC Geriatrics Jun 2024Physical disability is an important cause of affecting the quality of life in the elderly. The association between standing height and physical disability is less...
BACKGROUND
Physical disability is an important cause of affecting the quality of life in the elderly. The association between standing height and physical disability is less studied.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to investigate the possible link between standing height and physical disability among U.S. adults aged 60 years and older.
METHODS
The cross-sectional data were obtained from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015-2018. Physical disability was assessed by six questions: "Have serious difficulty hearing (SDH)?", "Have serious difficulty seeing (SDS)?", "Have serious difficulty concentrating (SDC)?", "Have serious difficulty walking (SDW)?", "Have difficulty dressing or bathing (DDB)?" and "Have difficulty doing errands alone (DDEA)?". Responses to these questions were "yes" or "no". Answer yes to one of the above six questions was identified as physical disability. Standing height (cm) was measured with an altimeter. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to examine the possible link between standing height and physical disability after adjustment for all covariates.
RESULTS
A total of 2624 participants aged ≥ 60 years were included in our study, including 1279 (48.7%) females and 1345 (51.3%) males. The mean age of participants was 69.41 ± 6.82 years. After adjusting for all potential confounders, the inverse relationship between standing height and all physical disability (APD) was statistically significant (OR = 0.976, 95%CI:0.957-0.995). In addition, among six types of physical disability (SDH, SDS, SDC, SDW, DDB, DDEA), standing height was also a protective factor for SDW (OR = 0.961, 95%CI:0.939-0.983) and DDEA (OR = 0.944, 95%CI:0.915-0.975) in the full-adjusted model.
CONCLUSION
The cross-sectional population based study demonstrates that standing height is a protective factor for physical disability among U.S. adults aged 60 years and older.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Aged; Cross-Sectional Studies; Middle Aged; Nutrition Surveys; United States; Disabled Persons; Body Height; Aged, 80 and over; Standing Position; Disability Evaluation
PubMed: 38890578
DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05100-3