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Diseases of the Esophagus : Official... Mar 2022Esophageal stricture is the most common delayed sequelae of aerodigestive tract corrosive injuries. Early endoscopic dilatation is an integral part of corrosive injury...
Esophageal stricture is the most common delayed sequelae of aerodigestive tract corrosive injuries. Early endoscopic dilatation is an integral part of corrosive injury management. Self-dilatation of the esophagus is effective in preventing stricture recurrence. In this prospective study, we included patients with corrosive aerodigestive tract injury from January 2009 to December 2020. We analyzed the outcome of the endoscopic dilatation and self-dilatation treatments administered to patients with a corrosive esophageal stricture. Among 295 patients, 164 had an esophageal injury, 73 had esophago-gastric injury, 55 had a gastric injury, and 3 had the pharyngeal injury. Of the 295 patients, 194 (81.85%) underwent dilatation, and 13 patients with diffuse esophageal injury underwent upfront surgery. Successful dilatation was performed in 169 (87.11%) patients. Of the 68 patients undergoing self-dilatation, 63 patients achieved nutritional autonomy by 28 days. Early endoscopic dilatation effectively prevents surgery, and self-dilatation appears promising to prevent recurrent esophageal stricture.
Topics: Burns, Chemical; Caustics; Dilatation; Esophageal Stenosis; Esophagus; Humans; Prospective Studies; Tertiary Care Centers
PubMed: 35022679
DOI: 10.1093/dote/doab096 -
Clinical Otolaryngology : Official... Mar 2022
Topics: Adult; Catha; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pharyngeal Diseases
PubMed: 35007399
DOI: 10.1111/coa.13911 -
Auris, Nasus, Larynx Aug 2022Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) is performed as a surgical treatment at the oropharyngeal level for obstructive sleep apnea, but there are problems with variations in...
OBJECTIVE
Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) is performed as a surgical treatment at the oropharyngeal level for obstructive sleep apnea, but there are problems with variations in treatment effects and postoperative complications. Therefore, to improve those, we have devised and put into practice the so-called CWICKs, which is a modified version of barbed reposition pharyngoplasty as a surgical method. We outline the procedure of CWICKs and report the treatment results in comparison with the conventional UPPP.
METHODS
CWICKs are surgeries that use resorbable wound closure devices to pull the posterior palatal arch outward and elevate it anteriorly and superiorly to maintain an open upper airway during sleep at the soft palate level. We compared the therapeutic effects of 46 patients evaluated by polysomnography before and after surgery among CWICKs performed in our department between January 2015 and December 2019 and 91 patients who underwent UPPP in our department between January 2000 and December 2008.
RESULTS
In 46 patients who underwent CWICKs, significant improvement was observed before and after surgery using the apnea hypopnea index (AHI), obstructive apnea index (OAI), ration of each sleep stage, and SpO2 level > 90%. The improvement rate of AHI was 68.4%, and the surgical success rate was 58.7%. Postoperative patient satisfaction was also good, and significant improvement in subjective sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale) and subjective sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) was observed before and after surgery. No postoperative complications such as dysphagia or scar stenosis were observed in any of the patients in the CWICKs group. Compared with the 91 cases of UPPP, which is the conventional method, there was no significant difference in the improvement rate of AHI (p = 0.199), but the improvement rate of OAI had significantly improved (p = 0.013). Regarding the postoperative sleep stage, In the CWICKs group, a significant decrease in stage 1 and a significant increase in stage 2, stage 3, and stage rapid eye movement were observed, whereas in the UPPP group, no significant improvement in stage 3 was observed. Multivariate analysis of surgical success did not show an association with surgical methods (CWICKs or UPPP). On the other hand, an association was shown with age (<45), palatine tonsil size (≥3 / 5), high MPH (≥14 mm), and OAI rate (> 1/3).
CONCLUSION
The treatment outcome of CWICKs was equal to or better than that of the conventional UPPP. Future follow-up is required for long-term prognosis, but no serious postoperative complications, such as dysphagia or scar stenosis, have been observed. CWICKs are considered to be minimally invasive, simple, and effective surgical procedures with few complications.
Topics: Cicatrix; Constriction, Pathologic; Deglutition Disorders; Humans; Palate, Soft; Pharynx; Postoperative Complications; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Sleepiness; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34991916
DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2021.11.015 -
Le Mali Medical 2022Mastoiditis is a complication of otitis media and is defined as inflammation (usually infectious) of the mastoid air cells. Its incidence is 1.2 cases per 100,000 in...
INTRODUCTION
Mastoiditis is a complication of otitis media and is defined as inflammation (usually infectious) of the mastoid air cells. Its incidence is 1.2 cases per 100,000 in children under 15 years of age, with a higher incidence in infants and a slight male predominance.
OBSERVATION
This was a 15-year-old girl, a student living in Bamako, with a history of recurrent otitis suppurativa since childhood. The onset of symptoms was seven weeks after her admission, marked by a left purulent otorrhea of medium abundance of progressive onset associated with unquantified fever, anterior rhinorrhea and hypoacusis without vertigo or tinnitus. The general examination on admission revealed a vigilant patient with a fair general condition, the conjunctiva were well stained with a temperature of 39°c and good hemodynamic constants. The ENT clinical examination revealed a cervico-facial and left retro auricular swelling without disappearance of the retro auricular groove with pre-toric and latero-cervical extension, painful to palpation, firm consistency, skin in front of it with an infiltrated aspect (figure 1). Left otoscopy revealed an obstructive inflammatory stenosis of the external auditory canal (EAC). Cervical CT scan revealed a large phlegmonous abscess in the laterocervix and left pharynx measuring 108 x 58.5 mm (Figure 2 a and b). The patient had received intravenous (IV) bi-antibiotic therapy and effective anticoagulation with low molecular weight heparin. The evolution was marked at one week after the cervicotomy by a significant regression of the left laterocervical swelling and of the clinical and biological inflammatory syndrome.
CONCLUSION
The diagnostic and therapeutic delay of chronic otitis media and ear washing can have often serious complications. In front of any latero-cervical mass in a context of otitis, it is necessary to think of a Bezold abscess. The management is well codified according to the literature.
PubMed: 38196258
DOI: No ID Found -
Zhurnal Voprosy Neirokhirurgii Imeni N.... 2021Occlusive carotid artery disease is still one of the major causes of ischemic stroke in the world. Progression of severe carotid stenosis may lead to critical stenosis...
BACKGROUND
Occlusive carotid artery disease is still one of the major causes of ischemic stroke in the world. Progression of severe carotid stenosis may lead to critical stenosis and vascular occlusion. Nevertheless, there is still no pure definition of the concept of critical occlusive carotid artery disease.
OBJECTIVE
To define the role of CT-angiography in assessment of critical occlusive carotid artery disease.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
We analyzed data of 405 patients who underwent preoperative precise assessment of carotid arteries and subsequent surgical treatment for the period from 2016 to 2019. Contrast-enhanced CT-angiography (Philips Ict scanner, 256 slices) was made after previous ultrasound. Contrast agent injection rate was 4-5 ml/sec. CT angiography data were assessed according to a specialized protocol.
RESULTS
Critical occlusive carotid artery disease was observed in 128 (31.6%) cases including critical stenosis (24.94%), near-occlusion (5.92%) and local occlusion (0.74%). Critical stenosis was characterized by local narrowing ≥90% and normal diameter of distal arterial segment. In case of near-occlusion, local critical stenosis was accompanied by narrowing of distal arterial segment. In case of local occlusion, distal collateral supply of internal carotid artery occurred through atypically originating ascending pharyngeal artery. Patients with near-occlusion and local occlusion of internal carotid artery had no signs of ICA hypoplasia and intracranial stenoses. All elements of circle of Willis were observed in 70% of patients.
CONCLUSION
State of distal segment of internal carotid artery can be considered as a differential diagnostic criterion for critical occlusive carotid disease variants. CT-angiography provides all necessary data and can be recommended for precise preoperative assessment.
Topics: Angiography; Carotid Artery Diseases; Carotid Artery, Internal; Carotid Stenosis; Computed Tomography Angiography; Humans
PubMed: 34951758
DOI: 10.17116/neiro20218506137 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Jun 2024We aimed to summarize the surgical treatment for pharyngolaryngeal stenosis and discuss prognosis in patients with Behcet's disease. Six cases of pharyngolaryngeal...
We aimed to summarize the surgical treatment for pharyngolaryngeal stenosis and discuss prognosis in patients with Behcet's disease. Six cases of pharyngolaryngeal stenosis caused by Behcet's disease were analyzed retrospectively. All underwent surgical treatment for pharyngolaryngeal stenosis after systematic medical treatment. The follow-up time for the 6 patients was between 1 and 12 years. Four of the 6 patients underwent adhesiolysis as their first procedure. Two of these 4 experienced recurrence of stenosis within 6 months and underwent flap repair as their second procedure. The remaining two patients underwent flap reconstruction as their first procedure and maintained good swallowing function. Three of the 6 patients underwent preoperative tracheotomy because of dyspnea. Tracheal decannulation was successful in all patients. None of the patients experienced recurrence after their final surgical procedure and all recovered to a near-normal condition. Pharyngolaryngeal stenosis caused by Behcet's disease is a rare but severe complication; surgical intervention should be considered in patients with dysphagia after systematic medical treatment.
Topics: Humans; Behcet Syndrome; Male; Adult; Retrospective Studies; Female; Pharyngeal Diseases; Laryngostenosis; Constriction, Pathologic; Middle Aged; Surgical Flaps; Deglutition Disorders; Recurrence; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult; Tracheotomy
PubMed: 34814770
DOI: 10.1177/01455613211053427 -
Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021Respiratory disorder is a disease with a very high incidence, in which obstructive apnea-hypopnea syndrome is the most harmful. It has become a common and frequently...
BACKGROUND
Respiratory disorder is a disease with a very high incidence, in which obstructive apnea-hypopnea syndrome is the most harmful. It has become a common and frequently occurring disease, which seriously influences the health of the affected population. The pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is numerous. With the continuous research on OSAHS disease, it has been found that one of its main pathogeneses is caused by the anatomical characteristics of upper airway obstruction induced during sleep. The narrowing and collapse of any plane can affect the ventilation of the upper respiratory tract. In recent years, with the deepening of research, the importance of the upper respiratory tract obstruction as a source of the disease has attracted increasing attention. Nasal stenosis can cause increased nasal resistance, increased pharyngeal inhalation negative pressure, soft palate collapse, and narrow pharyngeal cavity, resulting in open mouth breathing, which can be the initiating factor of the upper airway obstruction. With the development and popularization of nasal endoscopy technology, domestic and foreign scholars have reported more on the treatment of rhinogenic OSAHS with nasal cavity expansion, but they are different. There is still more controversy; the main controversy centered on the effective rate of surgical treatment and the improvement of objective indicators. Therefore, this study performed individualized nasal cavity expansion for patients with OSAHS who are mainly rhinogenic, from subjective symptoms, objective indicators, and effective rate of surgery. . Conduct research and analysis to provide references for the clinical treatment of such patients. For patients with the obstructive apnea-hypopnea syndrome with nasal congestion, individualized nasal cavity expansion was performed to study the clinical effect of nasal cavity expansion in the treatment of OSAHS. This article mainly screens cases through big data and selects a large hospital in China to perform individualized nasal cavity expansion surgery to treat 43 adult OSAHS patients with nasal congestion.
RESULTS
There are uploaded sleep monitoring, nasal reflex, nasal resistance, and nasal symptoms before and after surgery.
CONCLUSION
Spirometer examination records, along with apnea-hypopnea index and minimum arterial blood oxygen saturation, the minimum cross-sectional area of the nasal cavity, nasal cavity volume, nasal airway resistance, total nasal respiratory volume, and other information. Also we fill in the nasal obstruction symptom assessment scale, sleepiness scale, and study and analyze the surgical effect of nasal cavity expansion.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Nasal Cavity; Nasal Obstruction; Nose; Sleep; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
PubMed: 34804458
DOI: 10.1155/2021/6926509 -
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and... Dec 2021Treatment of locally advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers often requires total laryngectomy with partial pharyngectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy. Dysphagia is...
Treatment of locally advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers often requires total laryngectomy with partial pharyngectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy. Dysphagia is common after such aggressive treatment which is often under reported, but adversely affects the quality of life in these patients. The cause for this dysphagia is loss of pharyngeal mucosa, fibrosis, disruption of constrictors and loss of skeletal support to soft tissues. In this study 32 patients treated by laryngectomy with partial pharyngectomy and adjuvant radiotherapy underwent fibreoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing at 6 and 12 weeks after completion of treatment. Majority of them had delayed transit of bolus, dryness and edema and 6 of them had pharyngeal stenosis, 2 had fibrotic band and 2 had adynamic pharyngeal segments. These findings were the cause of dysphagia. The frequency of occurrence of the above findings and their association with extent of resection of pharyngeal mucosa and adjuvant treatment have been documented. Bilateral neck dissection, post operative chemotherapy with radiotherapy and use of myocutaneous flap for the reconstruction of neopharynx were found to cause severe dysphagia in our series. Some of these patients benefitted by swallowing therapy, diet modifications and nasogastric feeding. Therefore early identification of cause of dysphagia in these patients and timely intervention to facilitate rehabilitation can improve the quality of life and reduce the long term morbidity in these patients.
PubMed: 34692453
DOI: 10.1007/s12070-020-01873-2 -
Respirology Case Reports Nov 2021A 66-year-old woman was hospitalized for recurrent pneumonia twice in 1 year. After treatment for pneumonia, chronic coughing, sputum and low-grade fever continued, so...
A 66-year-old woman was hospitalized for recurrent pneumonia twice in 1 year. After treatment for pneumonia, chronic coughing, sputum and low-grade fever continued, so she was referred and admitted to our hospital for investigation. Chest computed tomography revealed a lung infiltrative shadow and diffuse centrilobular micronodules. Histological findings from transbronchial lung biopsy showed chronic inflammation and giant cells in the bronchiole. These findings were compatible with diffuse aspiration bronchiolitis (DAB), which is characterized by chronic inflammation of the bronchioles caused by recurrent aspiration of foreign bodies. Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed stenosis of the oesophageal entrance, which was thought to be caused by radiation therapy for hypopharyngeal cancer 20 years before. Antibiotic treatment ameliorated the centrilobular nodule shadow. After discharge, there was no recurrence. This is the first case report of DAB resulting from oesophageal stenosis associated with hypopharyngeal cancer and will serve as an educational case.
PubMed: 34631103
DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.855 -
Genes Sep 2021Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) is associated with abnormal differentiation of the first and second pharyngeal arches, occurring during fetal development. Features of... (Review)
Review
Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) is associated with abnormal differentiation of the first and second pharyngeal arches, occurring during fetal development. Features of TCS include microtia with conductive hearing loss, slanting palpebral fissures with possibly coloboma of the lateral part of lower eyelids, midface hypoplasia, micrognathia as well as sporadically cleft palate and choanal atresia or stenosis. TCS occurs in the general population at a frequency of 1 in 50,000 live births. Four subtypes of Treacher Collins syndrome exist. TCS can be caused by pathogenic variants in the , , and genes. Genetically, the gene contains 27 exons which encodes the Treacle protein. In , over 200 pathogenic variants have been identified, of which most are deletions leading to a frame-shift, that result in the formation of a termination codon. In the presented article, we review the genetics and phenotype of TCS as well as the management and surgical procedures utilized for treatment.
Topics: Choanal Atresia; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; Humans; Mandibulofacial Dysostosis; Nuclear Proteins; Phosphoproteins; Syndrome
PubMed: 34573374
DOI: 10.3390/genes12091392