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Journal of Nanobiotechnology Jun 2024Cancer recurrence following surgical resection is a major cause of treatment failure. Finding effective methods to prevent postoperative recurrence and wound infection...
BACKGROUND
Cancer recurrence following surgical resection is a major cause of treatment failure. Finding effective methods to prevent postoperative recurrence and wound infection is an important component of successful surgery. With the development of new nanotechnology, more treatment options have been provided for postoperative adjuvant therapy. This study presents an innovative hydrogel system that stimulates tumoricidal immunity after surgical resection of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and prevents cancer relapse.
RESULTS
The hydrogel system is based on the excellent photothermal conversion performance of single-atom platinum (CN-Pt) along with the delivery and release of the chemotherapy drug, gemcitabine (GEM). The system is coated onto the wound surface after tumor removal with subsequent near-infrared (NIR) photothermal therapy, which efficiently induces necroptosis of residual cancer cells, amplifies the levels of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and increases the number of M1 macrophages. The significantly higher levels of phagocytic macrophages enhance tumor immunogenicity and sensitize cancer cells to CD8 + T-cell immunity to control postoperative recurrence, which has been verified using an animal model of postoperative lung cancer recurrence. The CN-Pt-GEM-hydrogel with NIR can also inhibit postoperative wound infection.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings introduce an alternative strategy for supplementing antitumor immunity in patients undergoing resection of NSCLC tumors. The CN-Pt-GEM-hydrogel with the NIR system also exhibits good biosafety and may be adaptable for clinical application in relation to tumor resection surgery, wound tissue filling, infection prevention, and recurrence prevention.
Topics: Animals; Lung Neoplasms; Mice; Deoxycytidine; Hydrogels; Gemcitabine; Humans; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Necroptosis; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Cell Line, Tumor; Immunotherapy; Photothermal Therapy; Wound Infection; Macrophages; Mice, Inbred C57BL; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes
PubMed: 38902678
DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02568-4 -
Lasers in Medical Science Jun 2024This review aims to assess the efficacy and safety of laser therapy in managing scars resulting from cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) repair surgeries, as well as to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
This review aims to assess the efficacy and safety of laser therapy in managing scars resulting from cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) repair surgeries, as well as to determine the optimal timing for intervention. A systematic search was conducted across four databases using a predefined search strategy. Studies included were randomized controlled trials, non-randomized studies, and case series focusing on laser therapy for CL/P scars. Data extraction and analysis were performed using Revman Software. A total of two randomized controlled trials, four non-randomized studies, and three case series were included in the analysis. The fractional CO laser was the most commonly utilized type of laser. Following laser therapy, there was a significant decrease in Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) scores by 4.05 (95% CI, 2.10-5.99). Meta-analysis revealed that laser treatment groups exhibited a significantly lower mean VSS score (1.3; 95% CI, 0.02-2.67) compared to control groups. Moreover, initiating laser therapy intervention at one month postoperatively resulted in a significantly lower VSS score compared to initiation at three months postoperatively (difference of 1.70; 95% CI, 1.33-2.08). No severe complications were reported. Laser therapy demonstrates effectiveness and safety in improving CL/P scars, with earlier intervention yielding greater benefits.
Topics: Humans; Cicatrix; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate; Laser Therapy; Lasers, Gas; Low-Level Light Therapy; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38902432
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04082-3 -
Advances in Skin & Wound Care Jul 2024To investigate the effects of tub bathing on the skin and bilirubin levels of newborns receiving tunnel and light-emitting diode phototherapy. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effects of tub bathing on the skin and bilirubin levels of newborns receiving tunnel and light-emitting diode phototherapy.
METHODS
In this randomized controlled trial, hospitalized newborns diagnosed with hyperbilirubinemia treated with a tunnel or light-emitting diode device were randomly assigned to either the experimental (bath) or control (no bath) groups using a computer program. The skin integrity moisture balance of all groups was recorded using the Newborn Skin Condition Score at 6, 12, and 24 hours after phototherapy, and their total serum bilirubin measurements were evaluated.
RESULTS
A statistically significant difference was observed in the babies' total serum bilirubin levels; this decrease was the highest in the experimental groups. Further, the skin integrity-moisture balance was higher in the experimental groups than in the control groups; it was highest in the tunnel-experimental group and lowest in the tunnel control group.
CONCLUSIONS
These results show that bathing is effective in reducing total bilirubin levels. This study adds to the evidence on skin integrity and moisture balance in newborns who were bathed during phototherapy.
Topics: Humans; Infant, Newborn; Phototherapy; Baths; Bilirubin; Female; Male; Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal; Treatment Outcome; Jaundice, Neonatal; Skin
PubMed: 38899824
DOI: 10.1097/ASW.0000000000000163 -
Journal of Periodontal Research Jun 2024To assess the impact of non-surgical periodontitis treatment over conventional dermatological treatment on the severity and extent of psoriasis in patients affected by...
AIM
To assess the impact of non-surgical periodontitis treatment over conventional dermatological treatment on the severity and extent of psoriasis in patients affected by comorbid psoriasis and periodontitis.
METHODS
Seventy-four patients affected by both psoriasis and Stages I-IV periodontitis were randomized to receive either Steps 1-2 (non-surgical) of periodontal therapy (test group; n = 37) or no treatment (control group; n = 37). The two groups were balanced in terms of psoriasis medications, with the majority of the included patients undergoing biologics (74.0%) as monotherapy, while minor proportions were under systemic medications (13.7%) or none/topical/phototherapy (12.3%). The psoriasis area severity index (PASI) was regarded as the primary outcome. The body surface area (BSA) and the dermatology life quality index (DLQI) were additionally considered as dermatological outcomes. Probing pocket depth, recession depth, clinical attachment level periodontal inflamed surface area, and [full mouth plaque score] etc, periodontal inflamed surface area, and full-mouth plaque and bleeding scores (FMPS/FMBS) were also measured.
RESULTS
Periodontal therapy in the test group led to statistically significant lower PASI scores at 10 weeks (mean = 3.15; standard deviation [SD] = 3.78) compared to the control group (mean = 7.11; SD = 6.09) (mean difference [MD] = -4.0; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -6.3, -1.6; p = .001). The test group also showed improvements in BSA (MD = -4.3) and periodontal parameters compared to the control group. DLQI only showed a non-statistically significant tendency (MD = -2.0).
CONCLUSION
Steps 1-2 of periodontal therapy showed an additional effect over conventional dermatological treatment in reducing the severity and extent of psoriasis (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT05311501).
PubMed: 38899599
DOI: 10.1111/jre.13314 -
Journal of Evidence-based Medicine Jun 2024Narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) has been recommended as first-line therapy for early-stage mycosis fungoides (MF) in international guidelines. NB-UVB can be used as...
Effectiveness of narrowband ultraviolet B monotherapy versus combination therapy with systemic agents in patients with early-stage mycosis fungoides and the association with plaque lesions.
OBJECTIVE
Narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) has been recommended as first-line therapy for early-stage mycosis fungoides (MF) in international guidelines. NB-UVB can be used as monotherapy or part of a multimodality treatment regimen. There is limited evidence on the effectiveness and optimal patients of NB-UVB in combination with systemic therapies in MF. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of the combination versus NB-UVB monotherapy in early-stage MF and if plaque lesion status was related to these effects.
METHODS
This observational cohort study included 247 early-stage MF patients who had received NB-UVB combined with systemic therapies vs. NB-UVB monotherapy from 2009 to 2021. The primary outcome was partial or complete response. Overall response rate and median time to response were calculated. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using the Cox model.
RESULTS
In 139 plaque-stage patients, the response rate for combination therapy group was higher than that of monotherapy group (79.0% vs. 54.3%, p = 0.006). The adjusted HR for combination therapy compared with NB-UVB monotherapy was 3.11 (95% CI 1.72-5.63). The combination therapy group also showed shorter time to response (4 vs. 6 months, p = 0.002). In 108 patch-stage patients, the response rate and time to response in two treatment groups showed no significant difference. There was therefore an observed interaction with patients' plaque lesion status for the effect size of NB-UVB combination therapy. No serious adverse events were observed.
CONCLUSIONS
Adding systemic treatments to NB-UVB did not improve the treatment outcome of patch-stage patients, but it surpassed NB-UVB monotherapy for early-stage patients with plaques.
PubMed: 38898743
DOI: 10.1111/jebm.12623 -
Small (Weinheim An Der Bergstrasse,... Jun 2024Pyroptosis, an inflammatory cell death, plays a pivotal role in activating inflammatory response, reversing immunosuppression and enhancing anti-tumor immunity. However,...
Pyroptosis, an inflammatory cell death, plays a pivotal role in activating inflammatory response, reversing immunosuppression and enhancing anti-tumor immunity. However, challenges remain regarding how to induce pyroptosis efficiently and precisely in tumor cells to amplify anti-tumor immunotherapy. Herein, a pH-responsive polydopamine (PDA) nanocluster, perfluorocarbon (PFC)@octo-arginine (R)-1-Hexadecylamine (He)-porphyrin (Por)@PDA-gambogic acid (GA)-cRGD (R-P@PDA-GC), is rationally design to augment phototherapy-induced pyroptosis and boost anti-tumor immunity through a two-input programmed cascade therapy. Briefly, oxygen doner PFC is encapsulated within R linked photosensitizer Por and He micelles as the core, followed by incorporation of GA and cRGD peptides modified PDA shell, yielding the ultimate R-P@PDA-GC nanoplatforms (NPs). The pH-responsive NPs effectively alleviate hypoxia by delivering oxygen via PFC and mitigate heat resistance in tumor cells through GA. Upon two-input programmed irradiation, R-P@PDA-GC NPs significantly enhance reactive oxygen species production within tumor cells, triggering pyroptosis via the Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway and releasing numerous inflammatory factors into the TME. This leads to the maturation of dendritic cells, robust infiltration of cytotoxic CD8 T and NK cells, and diminution of immune suppressor Treg cells, thereby amplifying anti-tumor immunity.
PubMed: 38898735
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401397 -
Skin Research and Technology : Official... Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic; Hypopigmentation; Hyperpigmentation; Female; Intense Pulsed Light Therapy; Male; Adult; Treatment Outcome; Child; Adolescent; Inflammation
PubMed: 38898372
DOI: 10.1111/srt.13823 -
The Journal of Dermatological Treatment Dec 2024To evaluate the efficacy of Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treating non-invasive extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD).
PURPOSE
To evaluate the efficacy of Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treating non-invasive extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A 77-year-old male patient with non-invasive EMPD was treated with MMS followed by PDT. Preoperative fluorescence localization using 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) was performed to determine the surgical scope. MMS was conducted under lumbar anesthesia with intraoperative frozen-section pathology. Postoperative PDT was administered weekly for three sessions.
RESULTS
The patient achieved negative surgical margins after two rounds of intraoperative pathology. Postoperative follow-up over two years showed no recurrence, and the patient did not experience significant adverse reactions.
CONCLUSION
The combination of MMS and PDT was effective in treating non-invasive EMPD, demonstrating favorable clinical outcomes and no recurrence over the two-year follow-up period.
Topics: Humans; Male; Aged; Mohs Surgery; Paget Disease, Extramammary; Photochemotherapy; Aminolevulinic Acid; Skin Neoplasms; Photosensitizing Agents; Treatment Outcome; Combined Modality Therapy; Margins of Excision
PubMed: 38897607
DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2024.2368066 -
Acta Biomaterialia Jun 2024Antimicrobial phototherapy has gained recognition as a promising approach for addressing bacterial biofilms, however, its effectiveness is often impeded by the robust...
Antimicrobial phototherapy has gained recognition as a promising approach for addressing bacterial biofilms, however, its effectiveness is often impeded by the robust physical and chemical defenses of the biofilms. Traditional antibacterial nanoplatforms face challenges in breaching the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) barrier to efficiently deliver photosensitizers deep into biofilms. Moreover, the prevalent hypoxia within biofilms restricts the success of oxygen-reliant phototherapy. In this study, we engineered a soft mesoporous organosilica nanoplatform (SMONs) by incorporating polyethylene glycol (PEG), catalase (CAT), and indocyanine green (ICG), forming SMONs-PEG-CAT-ICG (SPCI). We compared the antimicrobial efficacy of SPCI with more rigid nanoplatforms. Our results demonstrate that SPCI's unique flexible mechanical properties enable it to navigate through biofilm barriers, markedly enhancing ICG penetration in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilms. Notably, in a murine subcutaneous MRSA biofilm infection model, SPCI showed superior biofilm penetration and pharmacokinetic benefits over its rigid counterparts. The embedded catalase in SPCI effectively converts excess HO present in infected tissues into O, alleviating hypoxia and significantly boosting the antibacterial performance of phototherapy. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments confirm that SPCI surpasses traditional rigid nanoplatforms in overcoming biofilm barriers, offering improved treatment outcomes for infections associated with bacterial biofilms. This study presents a viable strategy for managing bacterial biofilm-induced diseases by leveraging the unique attributes of a soft mesoporous organosilica-based nanoplatform. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This research introduces an innovative antimicrobial phototherapy soft nanoplatform that overcomes the inherent limitations posed by the protective barriers of bacterial biofilms. By soft nanoplatform with flexible mechanical properties, we enhance the penetration and delivery of photosensitizers into biofilms. The inclusion of catalase within this soft nanoplatform addresses the hypoxia in biofilms by converting hydrogen peroxide into oxygen in infected tissues, thereby amplifying the antibacterial effectiveness of phototherapy. Compared to traditional rigid nanoplatforms, this flexible nanoplatform not only promotes the delivery of therapeutic agents but also sets a new direction for treating bacterial biofilm infections, offering significant implications for future antimicrobial therapies.
PubMed: 38897337
DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.06.018 -
Journal of Controlled Release :... Jun 2024Cyanine derivatives are organic dyes widely used for optical imaging. However, their potential in longitudinal optoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy remains...
Cyanine derivatives are organic dyes widely used for optical imaging. However, their potential in longitudinal optoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy remains limited due to challenges such as poor chemical stability, poor photostability, and low photothermal conversion. In this study, we present a new structural modification for cyanine dyes by introducing a strongly electron-withdrawing group (barbiturate), resulting in a new series of barbiturate-cyanine dyes (BC810, BC885, and BC1010) with suppressed fluorescence and enhanced stability. Furthermore, the introduction of BC1010 into block copolymers (PEG-b-PCL) induces aggregation-caused quenching, further boosting the photothermal performance. The photophysical properties of nanoparticles (BC1010-NPs) include their remarkably broad absorption range from 900 to 1200 nm for optoacoustic imaging, allowing imaging applications in NIR-I and NIR-II windows. The combined effect of these strategies, including improved photostability, enhanced nonradiative relaxation, and aggregation-caused quenching, enables the detection of optoacoustic signals with high sensitivity and effective photothermal treatment of in vivo tumor models when BC1010-NPs are administered before irradiation with a 1064 nm laser. This research introduces a barbiturate-functionalized cyanine derivative with optimal properties for efficient optoacoustics-guided theranostic applications. This new compound holds significant potential for biomedical use, facilitating advancements in optoacoustic-guided diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
PubMed: 38897293
DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.06.037