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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces May 2024Polypropylene (PP) mesh is commonly used in repairing abdominal wall hernia (AWH). However, the use of synthetic prosthesis comes with the risk of developing a...
Polypropylene (PP) mesh is commonly used in repairing abdominal wall hernia (AWH). However, the use of synthetic prosthesis comes with the risk of developing a prosthetic infection, resulting in delayed healing, secondary surgery, and potentially increased mortality. To address these issues, a facile surface functionalization strategy for PP mesh based on phytic acid (PA) and polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) was constructed through a one-step co-deposition process, referred to as the PA/PHMG coating. The development of PA/PHMG coating is mainly attributed to the surface affinity of PA and the electrostatic interactions between PA and PHMG. The PA/PHMG coating could be completed within 4 h under mild conditions. The prepared PA/PHMG coatings on PP mesh surfaces exhibited desirable biocompatibility toward mammalian cells and excellent antibacterial properties against the notorious "superbug" methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and tetracycline-resistant (TRE). The PA/PHMG-coated PP meshes showed killing ratios of over 99% against MRSA in an infected abdominal wall hernia repair model. Furthermore, histological and immunohistochemical analysis revealed a significantly attenuated degree of neutrophil infiltration in the PA/PHMG coating group, attributed to the decreased bacterial numbers alleviating the inflammatory response at the implant sites. Meanwhile, the pristine PP and PA/PHMG-coated meshes showed effective tissue repair, with the PA/PHMG coating group exhibiting enhanced angiogenesis compared with pristine PP meshes, suggesting superior tissue restoration. Additionally, PP meshes with the highest PHMG weight ratio (PA/PHMG(3)) exhibited excellent long-term robustness under phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) immersion with a killing ratio against MRSA still exceeding 95% after 60 days of PBS immersion. The present work provides a facile and promising approach for developing antibacterial implants.
Topics: Polypropylenes; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Surgical Mesh; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Animals; Escherichia coli; Herniorrhaphy; Abdominal Wall; Coated Materials, Biocompatible; Mice; Hernia, Abdominal; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
PubMed: 38739862
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02151 -
International Journal of Biological... Jun 2024The utilization of bioderived flame retardants in biodegradable poly (lactic acid) (PLA) has profound practical implications for extending the widespread application of...
The utilization of bioderived flame retardants in biodegradable poly (lactic acid) (PLA) has profound practical implications for extending the widespread application of PLA composites and protecting the environment. Nevertheless, there are still certain challenges that require prompt attention, especially the ineffectiveness of bio-based flame retardants and their deterioration of the mechanical properties of PLA. This work introduced triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC), which has multiple epoxy functions, into the self-assembly process of phytic acid (PA) and chitosan (CS). The epoxy-modified bioderived flame retardant PA@CS-TGIC (PCT) was well dispersed in the PLA matrix and had a strong interfacial adhesion, while also TGIC had a synergistic char-forming effect. By compounding epoxy-modified ammonium polyphosphate (MAPP), 3%PCT/MAPP-PLA composites may reach a LOI value of 28.8 % and UL-94 V-0 rating. Simultaneously, the melting droplets had been considerably reduced. Tensile strength of the 3%PCT/MAPP-PLA composites was 67.0 MPa, 10.8 % higher than that of pure PLA. This work paves a new avenue for the development of PLA composites with robust mechanical and flame retardant properties.
Topics: Flame Retardants; Polyesters; Tensile Strength; Chitosan; Phytic Acid; Triazines
PubMed: 38734338
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132260 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024Lima beans () and adzuki beans () are some of the most nutritious underutilized pulses that are significant in being used as basic ingredients for the preparation of...
Lima beans () and adzuki beans () are some of the most nutritious underutilized pulses that are significant in being used as basic ingredients for the preparation of various food products. The present study aimed to determine the impact of soaking and germination on nutritional and bioactive components, in vitro protein digestibility, reducing power, metal chelating capacity, antioxidant activity, and anti-nutritional components of lima and adzuki beans. The findings showed that during the germination treatment, the in vitro protein digestibility of lima and adzuki beans increased by 14.75 and 10.98%, respectively. There was an increase in the antioxidant activity of lima beans by 33.48% and adzuki beans by 71.14% after 72 h of germination, respectively. The reducing power assay of lima and adzuki beans indicated an increase of 49.52 and 36.42%, respectively, during germination. Similarly, the flavonoid and metal chelating activity increased in lima and adzuki beans after 72 h of germination. In contrast, the anti-nutrients, such as phytic acid, tannin content, and trypsin inhibitor activity, decreased significantly < 0.05 after 72 h of germination. These results are encouraging and allow for utilizing the flour obtained from the germinated beans in functional bakery products, which can contribute to eradicating protein deficiency among some population groups. At the same time, promoting soaking and germination of the beans as a way to enhance the nutritional quality and reduce anti-nutrients can contribute to the interest in these underutilized pulses. They could be seen as an additional tool to improve food security.
PubMed: 38731793
DOI: 10.3390/foods13091422 -
Food Research International (Ottawa,... Jun 2024Biogenic nanoparticles are promising carriers to deliver essential minerals. Here, calcium-enriched polyphosphate nanoparticles (CaPNPs) with a Ca/P molar ratio > 0.5...
Biogenic nanoparticles are promising carriers to deliver essential minerals. Here, calcium-enriched polyphosphate nanoparticles (CaPNPs) with a Ca/P molar ratio > 0.5 were produced by Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 in the growth medium containing 1.08 g/L CaCl, and had nearly spherical morphologies with a wide size distribution of 5-75 nm and strongly anionic surface properties with an average ζ-potential of -39 mV, according to dynamic light-scattering analysis, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The ex-vivo ligated mouse ileal loop assays found that calcium in CaPNPs was readily available to intestinal absorption via both ion channel-mediated and endocytic pathways, specifically invoking macropinocytic internalization, lysosomal degradation, and transcytosis. Rat oral pharmacokinetics revealed that CaPNPs had a calcium bioavailability approximately 100 % relative to that of CaCl and more than 1.6 times of that of CaCO. CaPNPs corrected the retinoic acid-induced increase in serum calcium, phosphorus, and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, and decrease in serum osteocalcin, bone mineral content/density, and femoral geometric parameters with an efficacy equivalent to CaCl and markedly greater than CaCO. In contrast to CaCl, CaPNPs possessed desirable resistance against phytate's antagonistic action on calcium absorption in these ex vivo and in vivo studies. Overall, CaPNPs are attractive as a candidate agent for calcium supplementation, especially to populations on high-phytate diets.
Topics: Animals; Nanoparticles; Polyphosphates; Biological Availability; Mice; Phytic Acid; Calcium; Male; Microalgae; Rats; Intestinal Absorption; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
PubMed: 38729691
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114321 -
ACS Applied Bio Materials May 2024Medical implants are constantly facing the risk of bacterial infections, especially infections caused by multidrug resistant bacteria. To mitigate this problem, gold...
Phytic Acid-Promoted Deposition of Gold Nanoparticles with Grafted Cationic Polymer Brushes for the Construction of Synergistic Contact-Killing and Photothermal Bactericidal Coatings.
Medical implants are constantly facing the risk of bacterial infections, especially infections caused by multidrug resistant bacteria. To mitigate this problem, gold nanoparticles with alkyl bromide moieties (Au NPs-Br) on the surfaces were prepared. Xenon light irradiation triggered the plasmon effect of Au NPs-Br to induce free radical graft polymerization of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), leading to the formation of poly(DMAEMA) brush-grafted Au NPs (Au NPs--PDM). The Au NPs--PDM nanocomposites were conjugated with phytic acid (PA) via electrostatic interaction and van der Waals interaction. The as-formed aggregates were deposited on the titanium (Ti) substrates to form the PA/Au NPs--PDM (PAP) hybrid coatings through surface adherence of PA and the gravitational effect. Synergistic bactericidal effects of contact-killing caused by the cationic PDM brushes, and local heating generated by the Au NPs under near-infrared irradiation, conferred strong antibacterial effects on the PAP-deposited Ti (Ti-PAP) substrates. The synergistic bactericidal effects reduced the threshold temperature required for the photothermal sterilization, which in turn minimized the secondary damage to the implant site. The Ti-PAP substrates exhibited 97.34% and 99.97% antibacterial and antiadhesive efficacy, respectively, against () and (), compared to the control under antimicrobial assays. Furthermore, the as-constructed Ti-PAP surface exhibited a 99.42% reduction in the inoculated under assays. In addition, the PAP coatings exhibited good biocompatibility in the hemolysis and cytotoxicity assays as well as in the subcutaneous implantation of rats.
Topics: Gold; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Metal Nanoparticles; Phytic Acid; Materials Testing; Staphylococcus aureus; Escherichia coli; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Particle Size; Animals; Surface Properties; Coated Materials, Biocompatible; Cations; Polymers; Titanium
PubMed: 38727030
DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00237 -
AAPS PharmSciTech May 2024The primary factor underlying the virulence of Candida albicans is its capacity to form biofilms, which in turn leads to recurrent complications. Over-the-counter...
The primary factor underlying the virulence of Candida albicans is its capacity to form biofilms, which in turn leads to recurrent complications. Over-the-counter antifungal treatments have proven ineffective in eliminating fungal biofilms and the inflammatory cytokines produced during fungal infections. Chitosan nanoparticles offer broad and versatile therapeutic potential as both antifungal agents and carriers for antifungal drugs to combat biofilm-associated Candida infections. In our study, we endeavoured to develop chitosan nanoparticles utilising chitosan and the antifungal crosslinker phytic acid targeting C. albicans. Phytic acid, known for its potent antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties, efficiently crosslinks with chitosan. The nanoparticles were synthesised using the ionic gelation technique and subjected to analyses including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and zeta potential analysis. The synthesised nanoparticles exhibited dimensions with a diameter (Dh) of 103 ± 3.9 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.33, and zeta potential (ZP) of 37 ± 2.5 mV. These nanoparticles demonstrated an antifungal effect with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 140 ± 2.2 µg/mL, maintaining cell viability at approximately 90% of the MIC value and reducing cytokine levels. Additionally, the nanoparticles reduced ergosterol content and exhibited a 62% ± 1.2 reduction in biofilm susceptibility, as supported by colony-forming unit (CFU) and XTT assays-furthermore, treatment with nanoparticles reduced exopolysaccharide production and decreased secretion of aspartyl protease by C. albicans. Our findings suggest that the synthesised nanoparticles effectively combat Candida albicans infections. In vivo studies conducted on a mouse model of vaginal candidiasis confirmed the efficacy of the nanoparticles in combating fungal infections in vivo.
Topics: Chitosan; Biofilms; Nanoparticles; Antifungal Agents; Animals; Candida albicans; Mice; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Phytic Acid; Female; Candidiasis; Particle Size; Drug Carriers; Cross-Linking Reagents; Cytokines
PubMed: 38724834
DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02829-3 -
International Journal of Biological... Jun 2024Here, a novel multifunctional coating containing bio-based phytic acid (PA), L-glutamic acid (L-Glu), and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) is constructed by a simple soaking...
Here, a novel multifunctional coating containing bio-based phytic acid (PA), L-glutamic acid (L-Glu), and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) is constructed by a simple soaking strategy, giving cotton fabrics excellent flame retardancy, washability, and antibacterial properties. The coating layer on the cotton surface was prepared via the electrostatic and hydrogen bonding between PA and L-Glu, accompanied by the interface polymerization between PA, L-Glu, and TMC. Among them, the limiting oxygen index value of the treated cotton fabrics (C and C-TMC) was as high as 40 %. During the vertical flammability test, both C and C-TMC cotton showed self-extinguished behavior with a short damaged length (≤50 mm). Remarkably, the LOI of C-TMC sustained a high value (30 %) even after 300 laundering cycles, maintaining its self-extinguishing behavior in the vertical combustion test. Additionally, in the cone calorimetry test, peak heat release rate and total heat release of treated cotton were lower than control cotton. Surprisingly, after 30 or 60 laundering cycles, the C-TMC cotton exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans due to the continuous exposure of PA and L-Glu. Moreover, the coating layer on the cotton surface had little impact on the mechanical properties and feel of the fabric.
Topics: Phytic Acid; Cotton Fiber; Flame Retardants; Amino Acids; Candida albicans; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Textiles; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
PubMed: 38719000
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132135 -
Mikrochimica Acta May 2024A multifunctional surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) platform integrating sensitive detection and drug resistance analysis was developed for Gram-positive...
A sandwich-structured multifunctional platform based on self-assembled TiCT@Au NPs films, antibiotics, and silent region SERS probe for the capture, determination, and drug resistance analysis of Gram-positive bacteria.
A multifunctional surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) platform integrating sensitive detection and drug resistance analysis was developed for Gram-positive bacteria. The substrate was based on self-assembled TiCT@Au NPs films and capture molecule phytic acid (IP6) to achieve specific capture of Gram-positive bacteria and different bacteria were analyzed by fingerprint signal. It had advantages of good stability and homogeneity (RSD = 8.88%). The detection limit (LOD) was 10 CFU/mL for Staphylococcus aureus and 10 CFU/mL for MRSA, respectively. A sandwich structure was formed on the capture substrate by signal labels prepared by antibiotics (penicillin G and vancomycin) and non-interference SERS probe molecules (4-mercaptobenzonitrile (2223 cm) and 2-amino-4-cyanopyridine (2240 cm)) to improve sensitivity. The LOD of Au NPs@4-MBN@PG to S. aureus and Au NPs@AMCP@Van to MRSA and S. aureus were all improved to 10 CFU/mL, with a wide dynamic linear range from 10 to 10 CFU/mL (R ≥ 0.992). The SERS platform can analyze the drug resistance of drug-resistant bacteria. Au NPs@4-MBN@PG was added to the substrate and captured MRSA to compare the SERS spectra of 4-MBN. The intensity inhomogeneity of 4-MBN at the same concentrations of MRSA and the nonlinearity at the different concentrations of MRSA revealed that MRSA was resistant to PG. Finally, the SERS platform achieved the determination of MRSA in blood. Therefore, this SERS platform has great significance for the determination and analysis of Gram-positive bacteria.
Topics: Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Gold; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Titanium; Metal Nanoparticles; Limit of Detection; Staphylococcus aureus; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Vancomycin; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Penicillin G; Gram-Positive Bacteria
PubMed: 38713444
DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06387-0 -
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science Aug 2024Aerogels, as a unique porous material, are expected to be used as insulation materials to solve the global environmental and energy crisis. Using chitosan, citric acid,...
Aerogels, as a unique porous material, are expected to be used as insulation materials to solve the global environmental and energy crisis. Using chitosan, citric acid, pectin and phytic acid as raw materials, an all-biomass-based aerogel with high modulus was prepared by the triple strategy of ionic, physical and chemical cross-linking through directional freezing technique. Based on this three-dimensional network, the aerogel exhibited excellent compressive modulus (24.89 ± 1.76 MPa) over a wide temperature range and thermal insulation properties. In the presence of chitosan, citric acid and phytic acid, the aerogel obtained excellent fire safety (LOI value up to 31.2%) and antibacterial properties (antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli reached 81.98% and 67.43%). In addition, the modified aerogel exhibited excellent hydrophobicity (hydrophobic angle of 146°) and oil-water separation properties. More importantly, the aerogel exhibited a biodegradation rate of up to 40.31% for 35 days due to its all-biomass nature. This work provides a green and sustainable strategy for the production of highly environmentally friendly thermal insulation materials with high strength, flame retardant, antibacterial and hydrophobic properties.
Topics: Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Gels; Chitosan; Citric Acid; Biomass; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Porosity; Phytic Acid; Pectins; Cross-Linking Reagents; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Surface Properties; Particle Size; Temperature
PubMed: 38710124
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.138 -
International Journal of Biological... Jun 2024Theranostic antibacterial wound dressing is highly recommended in practical applications. The conventional methods of integrating diagnostic and therapeutic functions...
Theranostic antibacterial wound dressing is highly recommended in practical applications. The conventional methods of integrating diagnostic and therapeutic functions have the disadvantages of complicated preparation, mutual interference, inability to effectively broad spectrum antibacterial property, and easy to induce drug-resistant bacteria. Herein, a pH and light-responsive theranostic antibacterial hydrogel is developed by biopolymers polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyaniline (PANI), and cross-linking with phytic acid (PA), which is widely present in rice bran. The biological polymer-based conductive hydrogel enables timely diagnosis and photothermal sterilization in-situ for wound healing. Because PANI is highly sensitive to pH changes in the bacterial microenvironment, the hydrogel can detect bacterial infections at concentrations as low as 10 CFU/mL. Subsequently, PANI absorbs near-infrared light to achieve on-demand exothermic sterilization (under 808 nm irradiation for 20 min, the killing ratios for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli reached almost 100 %). In addition, the hydrogel can monitor the intensity of joint movement to avoid wound re-tearing sensitively. In vitro cytotoxicity and hemocompatibility experiments and in vivo full-thickness infected wound model indicate that the hydrogel has good biocompatibility, antibacterial ability, and can accelerate the wound healing effectively. This work will promote the development of wearable electronic devices and precision medicine.
Topics: Phytic Acid; Wound Healing; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Hydrogels; Oryza; Staphylococcus aureus; Animals; Escherichia coli; Biopolymers; Theranostic Nanomedicine; Mice; Humans; Polyvinyl Alcohol; Aniline Compounds
PubMed: 38705314
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132080