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Revista Latinoamericana de Microbiologia 1984
Comparative Study
Topics: Antiviral Agents; DNA Viruses; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Enterovirus; Nalidixic Acid; Oxolinic Acid; Piromidic Acid
PubMed: 6097977
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Antimicrobial... May 1984In order to investigate the comparative activity of agents of the nalidixic acid series, cultures of nalidixic acid sensitive strains of E. coli were exposed to the...
In order to investigate the comparative activity of agents of the nalidixic acid series, cultures of nalidixic acid sensitive strains of E. coli were exposed to the drugs in an in-vitro model that simulates the hydrokinetic aspects of the treatment of bacterial cystitis. Intrinsic activity, as judged by the response to a single dose of drug and resistance as judged by response to a repeat dose, were investigated. All seven compounds tested in this way were able to inhibit bacterial growth for considerable periods of time even when the peak concentration achieved was as low as 10 mg/l. However, resistance emerged readily, particularly to nalidixic acid, pipemidic acid and piromidic acid. Norfloxacin was the most active of the seven compounds tested and was the only one to which resistance did not emerge at the concentrations tested. However, when two nalidixic acid resistant strains were tested in the bladder model, norfloxacin resistance was observed to emerge with one strain, but not with the other.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary; Cystitis; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Escherichia coli; Nalidixic Acid; Norfloxacin; Quinolines
PubMed: 6234274
DOI: 10.1093/jac/13.suppl_b.43 -
Il Farmaco; Edizione Scientifica Feb 1984The synthesis and antibacterial activities of 1-ethyl-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-pyrrolidinyl)quinoline-3-carboxylic acid are reported. The new analog of nalidixic acid has...
Researches on antibacterial and antifungal agents. II - Synthesis of 1-ethyl-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-pyrrolidinyl)quinoline-3-carboxylic acid, a novel highly active, broad-spectrum antibacterial agent related to piromidic acid.
The synthesis and antibacterial activities of 1-ethyl-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-pyrrolidinyl)quinoline-3-carboxylic acid are reported. The new analog of nalidixic acid has been prepared by standard procedure starting from 1-(3-aminophenyl)pyrrole; it showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and exhibited much higher activity than nalidixic, pipemidic and piromidic acids. The synthesis of 1-ethyl-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-8-(1-pyrrolyl)quinoline-3-carboxylic acid is also described; this acid was inactive when tested as antibacterial agent.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Antifungal Agents; Blastomyces; Candida albicans; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Enterobacteriaceae; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nicotinic Acids; Piromidic Acid; Proteus; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pyrrolidines
PubMed: 6425079
DOI: No ID Found -
Nephron 1984
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Nicotinic Acids; Piromidic Acid; Urinary Tract Infections
PubMed: 6717708
DOI: 10.1159/000183215 -
Hinyokika Kiyo. Acta Urologica Japonica Oct 1983The relationship between the concentrations of various antimicrobial agents in the genital organs of male rats, serum, liver and kidney after oral administration,... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The relationship between the concentrations of various antimicrobial agents in the genital organs of male rats, serum, liver and kidney after oral administration, intramuscular infusion and i.v. infusion were systematically compared and studied. The concentration of Ampicillin in human prostatic tissues after intramuscular infusion was also measured. The drug concentration in the prostatic tissues after oral administration of nalidixic acid (20 mg/kg) was highest 21.5 micrograms/g (2-hour value) which was about 4 times the serum level, followed by chloramphenicol, Cefalexin, Ampicillin, piromidic acid and erythromycin. The concentration of Ampicillin and Cefaloridine in the prostatic tissues after intramuscular infusion was high, but the concentration of Cefazolin, was low after both intramuscular infusion and i.v. infusion. The drug concentration in the prostatic tissues after i.v. infusion of Cefaloridine, Erythromycin, and Ampicillin was high. The concentration of Erythromycin was high only after i.v. infusion. The concentration of both Chloramphenicol and Gentamicin in the blood, and in the prostatic tissues were low. Of the drugs tested, the concentration of Ampicillin in human prostatic tissues was the highest being about 8 micrograms/g at 60 minutes after intramuscular infusion, which was about 40% of its concentration in the blood. The concentrations of antimicrobial agents in the epididymis and testis of the rats were low. Even the relatively high values were only about 10% of the concentration in the blood. The concentration of nalidixic acid in the prostatic tissues was 4 times as high as that of Piromidic acid. In summary, the antimicrobial agents showing high concentrations in the prostatic tissues were nalidixic acid by oral administration, Ampicillin and Cefaloridine by intramuscular infusion, and i.v. infusion, which showed relatively high concentrations in the blood. Irrespective of the route of administration, the concentrations of Chloramphenicol and Gentamicin in the male genitals were low. The drug concentration in the testis was very low irrespective of the chemotherapeutic and administration form. This seems to signify the presence of the so-called blood-testis barrier to protect the important function of spermatogenesis.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Epididymis; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Injections, Intravenous; Kidney; Liver; Male; Prostate; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Testis
PubMed: 6681499
DOI: No ID Found -
Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift... May 1983Within 30 months the diagnosis of drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis was made in ten patients with acute onset of renal failure of clinically unknown cause.... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Within 30 months the diagnosis of drug-induced acute interstitial nephritis was made in ten patients with acute onset of renal failure of clinically unknown cause. Allergenic substances were discovered to be antibiotics, pyrazol and indol derivatives, piromidic acid and chlorazanil. In contrast to the known course of methicillin nephritis the clinical signs were undramatic. Non-oliguric renal failure predominated, sometimes with leucocyturia, microhaematuria and moderate proteinuria. Intermittent haemodialysis was necessary in half the cases. Renal function developed favourably without further specific treatment, however, plasma creatinine did not return to normal levels in most cases. Percutaneous renal biopsy was the definitive diagnostic step. Indications for biopsy in cases of unclear acute renal failure should thus be handled liberally in order to prevent continued drug exposure with the danger of irreversible renal failure.
Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chlorobenzenes; Female; Humans; Indoles; Male; Methicillin; Middle Aged; Nephritis, Interstitial; Pyrazoles; Triazines
PubMed: 6840011
DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1069641 -
Presse Medicale (Paris, France : 1983) May 1983
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Aged; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nicotinic Acids; Piromidic Acid
PubMed: 6222321
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Antimicrobial... Jun 1982
Topics: Enterobacteriaceae; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nalidixic Acid; Nicotinic Acids; Piromidic Acid; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 7107550
DOI: 10.1093/jac/9.6.493 -
Annali Dell'Istituto Superiore Di Sanita 1982
Comparative Study
Topics: Bacteria; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nalidixic Acid; Nicotinic Acids; Pipemidic Acid; Piromidic Acid
PubMed: 7187832
DOI: No ID Found -
Nephron 1982
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Aspirin; Biopsy; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Kidney; Middle Aged; Nephritis, Interstitial; Nicotinic Acids; Piromidic Acid
PubMed: 7177284
DOI: 10.1159/000182810