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Lakartidningen Oct 1990
Topics: Amdinocillin Pivoxil; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Pivampicillin; Risk Factors
PubMed: 2232985
DOI: No ID Found -
Lakartidningen Jul 1990
Topics: Amdinocillin; Amdinocillin Pivoxil; Ampicillin; Carnitine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Pivampicillin
PubMed: 2398759
DOI: No ID Found -
Tidsskrift For Den Norske Laegeforening... Jun 1990
Review
Topics: Amdinocillin; Amdinocillin Pivoxil; Ampicillin; Carnitine; Humans; Pivampicillin
PubMed: 2195708
DOI: No ID Found -
Lancet (London, England) Jun 1990
Topics: Ampicillin; Ampicillin Resistance; Bangladesh; Dysentery, Bacillary; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Pivampicillin; Shigella dysenteriae
PubMed: 1972232
DOI: 10.1016/0140-6736(90)91488-v -
Infection 1990In a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study 36 patients aged 16-77 years who had been carriers of nontyphi Salmonella species for 10-21 weeks were given the... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial
In a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study 36 patients aged 16-77 years who had been carriers of nontyphi Salmonella species for 10-21 weeks were given the combination pivampicillin/pivmecillinam or placebo for four weeks in order to eradicate the carrier state. 34/36 patients who fulfilled the criteria for inclusion in the study were evaluable for efficacy, 16 in the pivampicillin/pivmecillinam group and 18 in the placebo group. Seven patients in the pivampicillin/pivmecillinam group had to terminate the treatment after 10-25 days because of adverse reactions, mainly exanthema and nausea. After therapy 8/16 patients treated with pivampicillin/pivmecillinam and 4/18 patients treated with placebo had negative stool cultures for Salmonella species during a mean follow-up time of 13 and 20 weeks, respectively. No abnormalities could be found in those patients who did not respond to therapy except for earlier cholecystectomy in two patients, both in the pivampicillin/pivmecillinam group.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amdinocillin; Amdinocillin Pivoxil; Ampicillin; Carrier State; Convalescence; Double-Blind Method; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pivampicillin; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Salmonella; Salmonella Infections
PubMed: 2194971
DOI: 10.1007/BF01642105 -
Le Chirurgien-dentiste de France Mar 1990
Clinical Trial
Topics: Adult; Aged; Ampicillin; Analysis of Variance; Chi-Square Distribution; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Diseases; Multicenter Studies as Topic; Pivampicillin
PubMed: 2201490
DOI: No ID Found -
Biochemical Medicine and Metabolic... Feb 1990The fate of supplemental carnitine was studied in human subjects treated with drugs known to cause carnitine deficiency. Six children were treated with pivampicillin and...
The fate of supplemental carnitine was studied in human subjects treated with drugs known to cause carnitine deficiency. Six children were treated with pivampicillin and equimolar L-carnitine for 7 days. On the last day of treatment, the plasma levels of total and free carnitine were decreased, but acylcarnitine levels were increased. A 12-fold increase in urinary excretion of acylcarnitines was found; it increased from 188.5 +/- 82.7 to 2218.4 +/- 484.1 mumole/day, and 84% was pivaloylcarnitine. Free carnitine excretion was reduced. Ten epileptic children on chronic valproate treatment received equimolar carnitine for a 2-week period. Plasma carnitine levels were elevated on the last day of treatment. A 3.4-fold increase in urinary acylcarnitines was found, but most of the excreted carnitines were free (64.5-fold increases). These data show that pivalate is readily converted to carnitine esters, in contrast to the limited conversion of valproate to acylcarnitines in humans.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ampicillin; Carnitine; Child; Cholesterol; Chromatography, Gas; Diabetes Mellitus; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Female; Humans; Hydroxybutyrates; Lipids; Male; Pivampicillin; Triglycerides; Valproic Acid; Xenobiotics
PubMed: 2106908
DOI: 10.1016/0885-4505(90)90005-l -
Sexually Transmitted Diseases 1990Pivampicillin and doxycycline were compared in the treatment of chlamydial urethritis in 80 heterosexual men. The trial was carried out in a double-blind, comparative... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Comparative Study
Pivampicillin and doxycycline were compared in the treatment of chlamydial urethritis in 80 heterosexual men. The trial was carried out in a double-blind, comparative parallel group fashion. Forty patients were treated with 700 mg of pivampicillin twice daily and another 40 with 200 mg of doxycycline on the first day and thereafter with 100 mg of doxycycline and one placebo tablet daily. Both treatments lasted for 9 days. Follow-up examinations were carried out 2 weeks (14-16 days) and 4 weeks (26-30 days) after the start of treatment. Altogether five (12.5%) of the forty pivampicillin-treated patients were clinical failures and three (7.5%) still harbored Chlamydia trachomatis after treatment. The corresponding figures for the doxycycline-treated patients were two (5.1%) and one (2.6%). The difference between the treatment results of the two groups did not reach statistical significance.
Topics: Ampicillin; Chlamydia Infections; Double-Blind Method; Doxycycline; Humans; Male; Pivampicillin; Research Design; Urethritis
PubMed: 2305332
DOI: No ID Found -
Scandinavian Journal of Infectious... 199024 patients (4-65 years old; median age 29 years) excreting shigella bacteria greater than 8 weeks were treated with the combination pivampicillin (0.25 g)/pivmecillinam...
24 patients (4-65 years old; median age 29 years) excreting shigella bacteria greater than 8 weeks were treated with the combination pivampicillin (0.25 g)/pivmecillinam (0.20 g), 2 tablets 3 times a day for 14 days. 23/24 patients (96%) were culture negative after treatment. The one patient that did not respond to treatment carried a strain with intermediate sensitivity to mecillinam and resistance to ampicillin. It is concluded that pivampicillin/pivmecillinam is effective for patients excreting shigella bacteria.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amdinocillin; Amdinocillin Pivoxil; Ampicillin; Ampicillin Resistance; Carrier State; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Combinations; Dysentery, Bacillary; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pivampicillin; Shigella
PubMed: 2259872
DOI: 10.3109/00365549009027108 -
Scandinavian Journal of Infectious... 1990Ofloxacin is highly active against common respiratory pathogens including Haemophilus influenzae and Branhamella catarrhalis and has clinically applicable activity... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Comparative Study
Ofloxacin is highly active against common respiratory pathogens including Haemophilus influenzae and Branhamella catarrhalis and has clinically applicable activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sputum, lung tissue and bronchial mucosal concentrations of ofloxacin equal or, in most cases significantly exceed the MICs of such pathogens. These in vitro attributes are reflected in the results of the worldwide ofloxacin clinical trial program which achieved overall response rates of 98% in lower respiratory tract infections, 83% in pneumonias and 87% to 95%, in open and comparative studies respectively, in patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (CB). Overall bacterial eradication rates ranged from 70% for pneumococci and 84.5% for B. catarrhalis to 88.5% for H. influenzae. In lower respiratory infection ofloxacin gave equal or superior clinical results to amoxycillin or erythromycin therapy together with an overall bacterial eradication rate of 100%. Clinical results comparable with standard agents were also obtained in pneumonia, cure rates ranging from 77-89% at various dosages. Eradication rates proved greatest for H. influenzae (92%) and were satisfactory for Klebsiella spp. (80%), although less so for pneumococci (73%). Bacteriological eradication rates in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis ranged from 68% for pneumococcal infections, to 85% in B. catarrhalis and 94% in H. influenzae infections. Ofloxacin compared favourably with pivampicillin, co-trimoxazole and doxycycline clinically. A daily oral ofloxacin dose of 400 mg produced a good clinical response in 92% of patients or more. The available clinical data therefore substantially confirm the claim of ofloxacin to offer an effective alternative in many forms of acute bacterial respiratory infection, especially where H. influenzae and B. catarrhalis are involved.
Topics: Bronchitis; Chronic Disease; Humans; Ofloxacin; Pneumonia; Remission Induction; Respiratory Tract Infections
PubMed: 2218424
DOI: No ID Found