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International Journal of STD & AIDS Apr 2024This study evaluated the presence of Epstein-Barr virus type 1 (EBV-1) DNA in patients living with HIV, before and after three different topical therapy protocols for...
BACKGROUND
This study evaluated the presence of Epstein-Barr virus type 1 (EBV-1) DNA in patients living with HIV, before and after three different topical therapy protocols for oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL).
METHODS
The sample consisted of five patients treated with topical solution of 25% podophyllin resin; six with 25% podophyllin resin plus 5% acyclovir cream; and four with 25% podophyllin resin plus 1% penciclovir cream. DNA was extracted from OHL scrapings and amplified by the PCR using specific primers for EBV-1 (EBNA-1).
RESULTS
Clinical healing of OHL lesions was observed across all treatment groups over time. At baseline, EBNA-1 was detected in all OHL lesions. After treatment, OHL samples from three patients treated with 25% podophyllin resin plus 5% acyclovir cream and from one patient treated with 25% podophyllin resin plus 1% penciclovir cream exhibited negative EBNA-1 viral gene encoding. Despite the clinical resolution of OHL, 11 patients (73.3%) showed EBNA-1 positivity immediately after the lesion disappeared. Three patients (20%) treated with podophyllin resin displayed both EBNA-1 positivity and a recurrence of OHL, in contrast to no recurrence in the other two groups.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest potential associations between treatment formulations, EBNA-1 persistence, and the recurrence of OHL lesions.
PubMed: 38606785
DOI: 10.1177/09564624241246298 -
Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and... 2024No single treatment is ideal for genital warts with high rate of resistance using conventional modalities as topical podophyllin; however, several intralesional... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
No single treatment is ideal for genital warts with high rate of resistance using conventional modalities as topical podophyllin; however, several intralesional immunotherapies are being tested nowadays, with variable results. In this study, we compared the safety and efficacy of treating resistant and recurrent genital warts by 2 intralesional immunotherapies [ antigen and measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine] and compared them with topical podophyllin.
PATIENTS/METHODS
A total of 45 patients with resistant or recurrent genital warts were enrolled in this study. Size and number of warts were detected in each patient, patients were divided into 3 groups. Group A injected with intralesional antigen. Group B with intralesional MMR vaccine. Group C were treated with topical 25% podophyllin. Patients received a session every 2 weeks for 3 treatment sessions.
RESULTS
With regard to the reduction in size and number of all warts, the best response was obtained in antigen group where 46.7% showed complete clearance and 40% showed partial response followed by MMR group and the last was the podophyllin group, with no significant difference between them. Complete clearance of mother warts was noticed in 86.7% of group, 53.3% in MMR group, and last 40% in podophyllin group, with a significantly better response in the group ( = .027).
CONCLUSION
Both intralesional antigen and MMR vaccine are simple, safe, and effective treatment options with comparable results and better response than topical podophyllin.
Topics: Humans; Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine; Male; Adult; Female; Injections, Intralesional; Antigens, Fungal; Condylomata Acuminata; Podophyllin; Young Adult; Candida; Adolescent; Middle Aged; Immunotherapy; Administration, Topical; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38497287
DOI: 10.1177/12034754241238012 -
Journal of Parasitic Diseases :... Mar 2024Therapeutic research is very important in the prevention and treatment of leishmaniasis due to problems such as drug resistance, scarring and disease recurrence. The aim...
Therapeutic research is very important in the prevention and treatment of leishmaniasis due to problems such as drug resistance, scarring and disease recurrence. The aim of this study was to determine how responds to the anti-leishmaniasis properties of podophyllotoxin and podophyllin. Cultured Leishmania promastigotes were exposed to different concentrations of podophyllotoxin and podophyllin for 24 and 48 h. Then, during the animal phase, Balb/c mice were experimentally injected with Leishmania promastigotes. After wounding, the effects of 0.5% podophyllotoxin and 25% podophyllin on reducing wound diameter and the number of amastigotes in the wound were evaluated. Podophyllotoxin and podophyllin were 83% and 59% lethal to promastigotes at the highest concentrations (200 µg/ml) and time (48 h). In the in vivo study, the mean lesion diameter at the end of treatment in the negative control group was 15.10 mm compared to 14.21 mm and 11.55 mm in the 25% podophyllin and 0.5% podophyllotoxin groups, respectively. Although both agents reduced the size of mice wounds and the number of amastigotes in the wounds, podophyllotoxin was more effective in this regard. Based on the results, podophyllotoxin and podophyllin can be used as leishmaniasis drugs after further research.
PubMed: 38440762
DOI: 10.1007/s12639-024-01654-6 -
Skinmed 2023Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive disease; relatively mild XP patients are sometimes designated as having pigmented xerodermoid or xerodermoid...
Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive disease; relatively mild XP patients are sometimes designated as having pigmented xerodermoid or xerodermoid pigmentosum (XP-V), a variant of XP. It is commonly associated with many long-standing skin conditions and tumors, including malignancies, management of which is necessary to prevent the progress of the disease. The objective of the study was to evaluate an innovative therapeutic treatment, beyond surgery, surgical excision, cryotherapy, electrocautery and curettage, or Mohs surgery, for the management of skin tumors in XP.This was a prospective therapeutic interventional study comprising 50 patients with XP-V. Age of subjects ranged from 2 to 50 years, with a mean age of 18 years. Several measures were evaluated in part one of this study, and a number of others (as reviewed in part one) were successful in prophylaxis of skin tumors in XP as well as in treating earlier stigmata of XP; however, these measures were notably less successful in treating well-developed skin tumors in XP patients, and 18 of the 50 patients evaluated in part one had well-developed tumors (total 22 lesions) refractory to treatments. Podophyllin 25% in 100-mL tincture of benzoin was applied topically to lesions until complete resolution was documented in 18 patients with XP complications, such as keratoacanthoma (KA), basal cell carcinoma, or squamous cell carcinoma. Topical podophyllin 25% in benzoin was a less destructive alternative treatment for skin cancer and KA in XP patients.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Child, Preschool; Child; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Xeroderma Pigmentosum; Benzoin; Podophyllin; Skin Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Keratoacanthoma; DNA Repair
PubMed: 37945359
DOI: No ID Found -
Skinmed 2023Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive disease; relatively mild XP patients are sometimes designated as having pigmented xerodermoid or xerodermoid...
Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal recessive disease; relatively mild XP patients are sometimes designated as having pigmented xerodermoid or xerodermoid pigmentosum (XP-V), a variant of XP. It is commonly associated with many long-standing skin conditions and tumors, including malignancies, management of which is necessary to prevent the progress of the disease. The objective of the study was to report the use of a number of innovative therapeutic and prophylactic treatments, beyond surgery, such as topical 5-fluorouracil, topical imiquimod, other topical immunomodulators, or photodynamic therapy, in treating skin eruptions and their complications in XP patients. This was a prospective therapeutic interventional study in which 50 patients with XP-V were evaluated. Age of subjects ranged from 2 to 50 years with a mean age of 18 years. This study was divided into two parts. In part one, patients were treated by applying topical zinc sulfate 25% twice daily on entire face for 2 months, then once daily for several months or years. In another instance, two women were treated with heat dermabrasion with needle diathermy on the entire face under local anesthesia, followed by application of trichloroacetic acid 35% peeling in a single session. In part two, topical podophyllin 25% was used as therapy for 18 patients, all of whom had XP complications, such as keratoacanthoma, basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell cancers. Podophyllin was applied to the lesions until complete resolution was documented. All patients treated with topical zinc sulfate 25% responded well as determined by clearance of actinic keratoses (ActK) and small malignant lesions, minimization of pigmented freckles, prevention of new lesions, and ceased progress of eruptions. Heat dermabrasion administered in a single session resulted in the clearance of pigmented freckles, ActK, and small tumors, and cessation of new eruptions during follow-up that continued for up to 6 years.
Topics: Humans; Female; Adolescent; Child, Preschool; Child; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Xeroderma Pigmentosum; Skin Neoplasms; Trichloroacetic Acid; Zinc Sulfate; Dermabrasion; Hot Temperature; Podophyllin; Keratosis, Actinic; Melanosis
PubMed: 37945358
DOI: No ID Found -
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational... 2023Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a benign papular skin infection caused by Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV). Over the past 30 years, the incidence of MK has continued to...
Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a benign papular skin infection caused by Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV). Over the past 30 years, the incidence of MK has continued to increased association with sexually transmitted infections and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The incidence of MC in HIV patients is quite high at 5-8%. Until now there is no standard therapy used for the treatment of MC in patients with HIV. In HIV patients, anti retro viral therapy (ARV) is the main therapy with several other additional therapies such as cantaridin, chemical peeling agents such as glycolic acid (20-70%) and trichloroacetic acid (20-100%), cryosurgery, electrosurgery, incision, lactic acid, laser surgery, podophyllin, retinoic acid, and urea. There have been no studies regarding the administration of topical 20% glycolic acid in MC patients. We report a case of MC in an HIV patient who was treated with 20% topical glycolic acid after failing treatment with topical tretinoin. The diagnosis was made clinically, cytologically, and histopathologically, a white mass was found on compression of the lesion and Henderson-Paterson bodies. The lesions on the face, arms, and legs were given glycolic acid lotion 20% which was applied once a day at night. The lesions started to show responses to the treatment at week 6th as some of the MC papules became hyperpigmented macules. The side effects of therapy that appeared were itching and hyperpigmentation. Topical 20% glycolic acid can be used for MC therapy with minimal side effects, easy to apply and safe.
PubMed: 37794945
DOI: 10.2147/CCID.S423304 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,...
Topics: Humans; Irritants; Podophyllin; Dermatology; Dermatitis, Irritant; Iatrogenic Disease
PubMed: 37317734
DOI: 10.25259/IJDVL_72_2023 -
Journal of Medical Case Reports Apr 2023Topical anesthetics are commonly used over the counter, and one of the adverse effects of these medications is methemoglobinemia, which is a serious and life-threatening...
BACKGROUND
Topical anesthetics are commonly used over the counter, and one of the adverse effects of these medications is methemoglobinemia, which is a serious and life-threatening condition.
CASE PRESENTATION
We describe a 25-year-old Persian male presenting with generalized weakness, dizziness, headache, and cyanosis. In addition, he had genital warts starting 3 weeks ago, which were self-treated with podophyllin, resulting in itching and pain. He used over-the-counter topical anesthetics, including benzocaine and lidocaine, to reduce the symptoms. According to the lab data, signs and symptoms of methemoglobinemia and hemolysis were diagnosed. Considering the hemolysis, ascorbic acid was used for treatment. The patient was discharged after 5 days with normal arterial blood gas and pulse oximetry and no signs and symptoms.
CONCLUSION
This case highlights that self-administration of some topical anesthetics may lead to potentially fatal conditions.
Topics: Male; Humans; Adult; Benzocaine; Methemoglobinemia; Anesthetics, Local; Lidocaine; Hemolysis; Methylene Blue
PubMed: 37076913
DOI: 10.1186/s13256-023-03898-x -
International Journal of STD & AIDS Aug 2023Many therapeutic modalities are available for treating genital warts; however, the effectiveness of both diphenylcyclopropenone and podophyllin is still controversial. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Many therapeutic modalities are available for treating genital warts; however, the effectiveness of both diphenylcyclopropenone and podophyllin is still controversial.
AIM
To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of diphenylcyclopropenone and podophyllin in treating genital warts.
METHODS
This study included 57 patients, divided randomly into two groups. Group (A): diphenylcyclopropenone ( = 29). Group (B): podophyllin 25% ( = 28). In group (A), sensitization was done with 2% diphenylcyclopropenone. Then, after 1 or 2 weeks, treatment started with a weekly application of diphenylcyclopropenone solutions ranging between 0.001 and 1% until clearance, or for a maximum of 10 sessions. In group (B), podophyllin 25% was applied weekly until clearance or for a maximum of 6 weeks.
RESULTS
Higher clearance was achieved in group A, with 19 of 29 (65.5%) patients, than in group B, with 9 of 28 (32.1%) (-value = 0.004). Also, effectiveness increases with young age in group A. Shorter wart duration was associated with better response in both groups (-value = 0.005). No serious adverse effects occurred in either group. No recurrence was detected in group A, while seven patients (77.8%) had recurrence in group B after 1 year of follow up.
CONCLUSION
Diphenylcyclopropenone shows a higher success rate than podophyllin in treating genital warts and a lower recurrence rate.
Topics: Humans; Condylomata Acuminata; Cyclopropanes; Podophyllin; Warts
PubMed: 37018551
DOI: 10.1177/09564624231169330