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Bulletin of Experimental Biology and... Jan 2008The morphology and structure of erythrocyte cytoskeleton and local mechanical characteristics in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and donors were studied by atomic...
The morphology and structure of erythrocyte cytoskeleton and local mechanical characteristics in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and donors were studied by atomic force microscopy. Poikilocytosis and anisocytosis, spatial reorganization of the cytoskeleton (loosening and condensation of the actin-spectrin network), and modification of local mechanical properties of erythrocytes were characteristic of diabetics. These results indicate significant heterogeneity of erythrocyte population in the patients, most likely due to the presence of erythrocytes of different age groups, which can promote the development of diabetes complications (angiopathy).
Topics: Aged; Cytoskeleton; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Elasticity; Erythrocyte Deformability; Erythrocyte Membrane; Erythrocytes; Humans; Microscopy, Atomic Force; Middle Aged; Surface Properties; Young Adult
PubMed: 19024015
DOI: 10.1007/s10517-008-0036-3 -
Haematologica Mar 2008beta-thalassemia is one of the most common genetic diseases in the world and requires extensive therapy. Lentiviral-mediated gene therapy has been successfully exploited...
BACKGROUND
beta-thalassemia is one of the most common genetic diseases in the world and requires extensive therapy. Lentiviral-mediated gene therapy has been successfully exploited in the treatment of beta-thalassemia and showed promise in clinical application. Using a human beta-globin transgenic mouse line in a beta-thalassemia diseased model generated with a lentiviral-mediated approach, we investigate the stable therapeutic effect on a common thalassemia syndrome.
DESIGN AND METHODS
Human beta-globin gene lentiviral vector was constr ucted, followed by subzonal microinjection into single-cell embryos of beta(IVS-2-654)-thalassemia mice to generate a transgenic line. Human beta-globin gene expression was examined with RT-PCR, Western-blotting and ELISA. The hematologic parameters and tissue pathology were investigated over time in founder mice and their off-spring.
RESULTS
Transgenic mice with stable expression of the lentivirus carrying human beta-globin gene were obtained. A marked improvement in red blood cell indices and a dramatic reduction in red blood cell anisocytosis, poikilocytosis and target cells were observed. Nucleated cell proportion was greatly decreased in bone marrow, and splenomegaly with extramedullary hematopoiesis was ameliorated. Iron deposition in liver was also reduced. There was a two-fold increase in the survival rate of the beta(IVS-2-654) mice carrying human beta-globin transgene. Significantly, the germline integration of the lentiviral construct was obtained and stable hematologic phenotype correction was observed over the next two generations of the transgenic mice.
CONCLUSIONS
The generation of human beta-globin transgenic mice in a beta(IVS-2-654)-thalassemia mouse mediated with lentiviral vectors provides a useful model and offers an attractive means to investigate the transgenic stable therapeutic effect in beta-thalassemia.
Topics: Animals; Bone Marrow; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Genetic Therapy; Genetic Vectors; Germ-Line Mutation; Globins; Humans; Lentivirus; Liver; Male; Mice; Mice, Mutant Strains; Mice, Transgenic; Microinjections; Mutagenesis, Insertional; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Spleen; Virus Integration; beta-Thalassemia
PubMed: 18268280
DOI: 10.3324/haematol.12010 -
Toxicology and Industrial Health Apr 2007Benzene exposure from vehicular sources and its health impact are relatively unexplored in India. We have investigated in this study hematology and lymphocyte subsets of...
Benzene exposure from vehicular sources and its health impact are relatively unexplored in India. We have investigated in this study hematology and lymphocyte subsets of 25 petrol pump attendants, 25 automobile service station workers and 35 controls matched for age, sex and socioeconomic conditions. The participants were non-smoking males of Kolkata (former Calcutta) in eastern India. Compared with controls, the workers had 3.8- times more trans,trans-muconic acid in urine, suggesting higher level of benzene exposure. The exposed subjects had decreased erythrocyte, hemoglobin, lymphocyte and platelet levels, but increased neutrophil, band cells, RBC aniso-poikilocytosis and target cells. In addition, CD4+, CD8+ and CD19+ cells were decreased by 37, 20 and 47% respectively, but CD 16+ 56+ NK cells were increased by 20%. P-selectin expression on platelet surface of the workers was significantly elevated (P < 0.05), indicating upregulation of platelet activity. In summary, the study revealed high level of benzene exposure from vehicular sources in India, and the exposed subjects had hematological and immunological alterations.
Topics: Adult; Air Pollutants, Occupational; Benzene; Blood Platelets; Humans; India; Male; Middle Aged; Occupational Exposure; P-Selectin; Sorbic Acid; Vehicle Emissions
PubMed: 18220159
DOI: 10.1177/0748233707080907 -
Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi Dec 2007Idiopathic myelofibrosis is a type of chronic myeloproliferative disorders characterized by splenomegaly, a leukoerythroblastic blood picture, teardrop poikilocytosis,... (Review)
Review
Idiopathic myelofibrosis is a type of chronic myeloproliferative disorders characterized by splenomegaly, a leukoerythroblastic blood picture, teardrop poikilocytosis, in various degrees of bone marrow fibrosis and extramedullary hematopoiesis. In this paper, the biological characters and pathogenesis of idiopathic myelofibrosis such as mutation of tyrosine kinase receptor, mutation of GABA transporter 1, JAK2 mutation and c-MPl mutation, as well as other pathogenesis related with idiopathic myelofibrosis were reviewed.
Topics: GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Humans; Janus Kinase 2; Mutation; Primary Myelofibrosis; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Receptors, Thrombopoietin
PubMed: 18088495
DOI: No ID Found -
European Journal of Haematology Mar 2008A congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia (CDA) was recognised in a French Caucasian male patient. Blood smears showed a pronounced aniso-poikilocytosis. Bone marrow light...
A congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia (CDA) was recognised in a French Caucasian male patient. Blood smears showed a pronounced aniso-poikilocytosis. Bone marrow light microscopy showed signs of dyserythropoesis, but no internuclear chromatin bridges. Electron microscopy disclosed erythroblast nuclei with the Swiss cheese aspect and the presence of cytoplasmic organelles, assessing the diagnosis of CDA I. The presence of internuclear chromatin bridges may thus be missing in CDA I. The patient proved to be homozygous for the Arg1042Trp mutation in codanin-1 (the 'Bedouin mutation'). By the age of 25, the patient's vision started to deteriorate as a result of retinal angioid streaks and macular abnormalities. Evolution was controlled and the patient, being nearly 50 yr old now, still has a partial use of his eyes. This second case of retinal angioid streaks reported in CDA I adds to the non-haematological features likely to be associated with this condition.
Topics: Amino Acid Substitution; Anemia, Dyserythropoietic, Congenital; Angioid Streaks; Arginine; Bone Marrow Cells; Child; Glycoproteins; Homozygote; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nuclear Proteins; Tryptophan
PubMed: 18081704
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2007.01004.x -
Nigerian Journal of Medicine : Journal... 2007To investigate the in-vivo effects of intravenous administration of sodium meglumine diatrizoate on some haematological parameters in a Nigerian population. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
To investigate the in-vivo effects of intravenous administration of sodium meglumine diatrizoate on some haematological parameters in a Nigerian population.
METHODS
Blood samples were collected before and one hour after intravenous injection of sodium-meglumine diatrizoate from 50 subjects undergoing intravenous urography examinations who had no history of and laboratory confirmed diseases that may affect haematological parameters. Standard laboratory methods were used to assay the haemoglobin concentration (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), total white blood cell (WBC) count and differentials and blood film for any morphological changes in the red blood cells (RBC). Comparisons were made between the mean values of these haematological parameters before and one hour post injection using paired t-test for any statistically significant differences.
RESULTS
There were statistically significant reductions in the mean values of Hb concentration and the neutrophil count one hour post injection compared with their pretest values (p < 0.05). The lymphocytes were also significantly increased post injection compared to the pretest values whereas 70% of the erythrocytes were morphologically altered from their approximately 100% normocytic shape at pre-test.
CONCLUSION
Intravenous administration of sodium-meglumine diatrizoate causes in-vivo reduction in Hb concentration and neutrophil count in humans as well as poikilocytosis of the erythrocytes. Some of these effects have the potential of triggering or exacerbating crisis in a sickle cell anaemia subject which is endemic in our locality. Caution should therefore be exercised in the choice and administration of radiological contrast agents to sickle cell subjects. Preparations that are iso-osmolar with plasma and have less probability in precipitating crises should be preferred instead.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anemia, Sickle Cell; Child; Contrast Media; Diatrizoate Meglumine; Erythrocytes; Female; Hemoglobins; Humans; Lymphocytes; Male; Middle Aged; Neutrophils; Pilot Projects
PubMed: 18080596
DOI: 10.4314/njm.v16i4.37338 -
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination... Sep 2007This study reports significant alterations in various haematological parameters such as red and white blood corpuscles counts, haemoglobin content and packed cell volume...
This study reports significant alterations in various haematological parameters such as red and white blood corpuscles counts, haemoglobin content and packed cell volume in adult Swiss albino mice orally administered with diluted distillery soil leachate (5%-20%) for 30 days. Soil leachate also affected red blood cell morphology (poikilocytosis). The haematology of exposed mice improved in the reversal groups. Present study infers contamination potential of distillery soil leachate in the groundwater.
Topics: Alcoholic Beverages; Animals; Erythrocytes; Erythrocytes, Abnormal; Food-Processing Industry; Hematologic Tests; Industrial Waste; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 17676255
DOI: 10.1007/s00128-007-9225-4 -
Annales de Biologie Clinique 2007We report the case of a 59 year old man presenting a regenerative microcytic hypochromic anaemia. The investigations revealed the presence of haemoglobin H, suggesting...
We report the case of a 59 year old man presenting a regenerative microcytic hypochromic anaemia. The investigations revealed the presence of haemoglobin H, suggesting abnormalities in the alpha-globin chains synthesis. Alpha-thalassemia was thus suspected. The patient had no personal or familial history. The association with aniso-poïkilocytosis and a marked iron overload (ferritinemia > 1,500 microg/L) suggested a myelodysplastic syndrome, which was confirmed with a bone marrow aspiration. The pattern was consistent with the Acquired alpha-Thalassemia-Myelodysplastic Syndrome (ATMDS). About a hundred cases are listed worldwidely and collected in an international registry. The causes of ATMDS are ignored, but recent reports indicate that the ATRX gene may be implicated in the pathogenesis. ATRX is a chromatin-associated protein, involved in the transcription of several genes. The alpha globin genes could be one of the targets of the ATRX protein.
Topics: Anemia, Refractory; Erythrocytes; Hemochromatosis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; alpha-Thalassemia
PubMed: 17627922
DOI: No ID Found -
Romanian Journal of Morphology and... 2007Atherosclerosis is a complex process that affects specific tissues of the vasculature, susceptible to developing atherosclerosis. >From 10 patients with atherosclerosis,...
Atherosclerosis is a complex process that affects specific tissues of the vasculature, susceptible to developing atherosclerosis. >From 10 patients with atherosclerosis, between 50-70 years, peripheral blood was prelevated and after the technical procedures the blood cells were studied using the electron microscopy. The most characteristic morphological modifications were observed in agranulocytes and platelets. The granulocytes polymorphs showed insignificant ultrastructural changes, and the erythrocytes presented weak anizocytosis and poikilocytosis.
Topics: Aged; Atherosclerosis; Blood Cells; Blood Platelets; Erythrocytes; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Leukocytes; Male; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Middle Aged; Myocardial Ischemia; Stroke
PubMed: 17502950
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Environmental Biology Oct 2006Comparative toxicological studies of textile dye wastewater (untreated and treated) on a freshwater fish, Gambusia affinis, revealed a marked reduction in mortality and... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Comparative toxicological studies of textile dye wastewater (untreated and treated) on a freshwater fish, Gambusia affinis, revealed a marked reduction in mortality and cytotoxic effects on RBCs, measured as reduction in their counts and percent changes in their shape (poikilocytosis) and variation in their size (anisocytosis)}, after subjecting them to both physicochemical and biological treatments. On comparing the data of mortality and the cytotoxic effects on RBCs, we found poikilocytosis is a better indicator for toxicity measurement of both untreated as well as treated wastewater, especially at their lowest concentrations where percent mortality was found to be either nil or lowerer than the percentage of poikilocytic RBCs. Although percent reduction in RBC counts and changes in their size (anisocytosis) indicated toxic effects of wastewaters, but EC5o values for RBC counts were usually higher than those for poikilocytosis and mortality, and non-calculable for anisocytosis suggesting their lesser sensitivity to pollutants. In view of these findings, we recommend monitoring of toxic effects of wastewaters during fish bioassay on both mortality and variation in RBC shape.
Topics: Animals; Biological Assay; Coloring Agents; Cyprinodontiformes; Cytotoxins; Erythrocytes; Industrial Waste; Textile Industry; Toxicity Tests; Waste Disposal, Fluid; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Water Purification
PubMed: 17405321
DOI: No ID Found