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The Journal of Antimicrobial... Nov 2000Kinetics of inactivation by the detergent spermicide benzalkonium chloride (BZK) of Chlamydia trachomatis and of a panel of DNA viruses [herpes simplex virus hominis...
In vitro inactivation of Chlamydia trachomatis and of a panel of DNA (HSV-2, CMV, adenovirus, BK virus) and RNA (RSV, enterovirus) viruses by the spermicide benzalkonium chloride.
Kinetics of inactivation by the detergent spermicide benzalkonium chloride (BZK) of Chlamydia trachomatis and of a panel of DNA viruses [herpes simplex virus hominis type 2 (HSV-2), cytomegalovirus (CMV), adenovirus (ADV) and BK virus (BKV)] and RNA [respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and enterovirus (ENV)] were established in accordance with a standardized in vitro protocol. After a 5 min incubation, inactivation of >95% of HSV-2 and CMV was obtained at a concentration of 0.0025% (w/v) (25 Ig/L); concentrations as low as 0.0005%, 0.0050% and 0.0125%, induced a 3.0 log10 reduction in infectivity of HSV-2 and CMV, RSV and ADV, respectively. After a 60 min incubation, concentrations of 0.0125% and 0.050% provided a 3.0 log10 reduction in infectivity of ENV and BKV, respectively. These features indicate that sensitivity to BZK was very high (HSV-2 and CMV) or high (RSV) for enveloped viruses, intermediate (ADV) or low (ENV and BKV) for non-enveloped viruses. Furthermore, BZK had marked antichlamydial activity, showing >99% killing after only a 1 min incubation at a concentration of 0.00125%. BZK demonstrates potent in vitro activity against the majority of microorganisms causing sexually transmitted infectious diseases, including those acting as major genital cofactors of human immunodeficiency virus transmission. These attributes qualify BZK as a particularly attractive candidate for microbicide development.
Topics: Adenoviridae; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; BK Virus; Benzalkonium Compounds; Chlamydia trachomatis; Cytomegalovirus; DNA Viruses; Enterovirus; Herpesvirus 2, Human; Humans; RNA Viruses; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses; Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral; Spermatocidal Agents
PubMed: 11062186
DOI: 10.1093/jac/46.5.685 -
Cancer Research Jun 1965
Topics: Animals; Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; Embryo, Mammalian; Embryo, Nonmammalian; Fibroblasts; HeLa Cells; Humans; Kidney; Ligases; Mice; Phosphotransferases; Polyomavirus; Rabbits; Research; Simplexvirus; Thymidine Kinase; Thymidine Monophosphate; Tissue Culture Techniques; Vaccinia virus
PubMed: 14347562
DOI: No ID Found -
Archiv Fur Die Gesamte Virusforschung 1965
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Herpesviridae Infections; Mice; Polyomavirus; Research; Simplexvirus; Stomatitis; Stomatitis, Aphthous; Vesicular Stomatitis; Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus; Vesiculovirus; Viral Interference
PubMed: 14269255
DOI: No ID Found -
Federation Proceedings. Translation... 1964
Topics: Chick Embryo; Fibroblasts; Polyomavirus; RNA; RNA, Bacterial; Research; Saccharomyces; Sendai virus; Simplexvirus; Tissue Culture Techniques; Virus Cultivation; Virus Replication
PubMed: 14215313
DOI: No ID Found -
Nature Aug 1964
Topics: Herpes Simplex; Immunization; Neoplasms; Polyomavirus; Research; Sarcoma; Sarcoma, Experimental; Simplexvirus; Tissue Culture Techniques; Virus Cultivation
PubMed: 14207292
DOI: 10.1038/203772a0 -
Journal of the National Cancer Institute May 1964
Topics: Adenoviridae; Allergy and Immunology; Animals; Chickenpox; Cricetinae; Measles virus; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Experimental; Oncogenic Viruses; Orthomyxoviridae; Paramyxoviridae Infections; Reoviridae; Research; Rubella; Simian virus 40; Simplexvirus; Tissue Culture Techniques; Transplantation; Transplantation Immunology; Vaccinia virus; Vertebrates; Virus Diseases; Viruses
PubMed: 14170129
DOI: No ID Found -
National Cancer Institute Monograph May 1964
Topics: Blood; Chromosomes; Humans; Leukemia; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukemia, Radiation-Induced; Male; Oncogenic Viruses; Radiation Effects; Research; Simian virus 40; Simplexvirus
PubMed: 14147138
DOI: No ID Found -
Virology Mar 1963
Topics: Herpes Simplex; In Vitro Techniques; Interferons; Polyomavirus; Simplexvirus; Tissue Culture Techniques
PubMed: 13948364
DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(63)90072-2 -
Progress in Medical Virology.... 1963
Review
Topics: Animals; Avian Sarcoma Viruses; Bacteriophages; Cell Biology; Chick Embryo; Chlamydophila psittaci; Enterovirus; Haplorhini; Kidney; Measles virus; Newcastle disease virus; Orthomyxoviridae; Poliovirus; Polyomavirus; Radiation Effects; Research; Rous sarcoma virus; Simplexvirus; Tissue Culture Techniques; Ultraviolet Rays; Vesicular Stomatitis; Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus; Virus Cultivation; Viruses
PubMed: 14157339
DOI: No ID Found -
Progress in Experimental Tumor Research 1963
Review
Topics: Acetone; Animals; Avian Sarcoma Viruses; Benzene; Benzopyrenes; Carcinogens; Humans; Influenza A virus; Methylcholanthrene; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Experimental; Oncogenic Viruses; Orthomyxoviridae; Polyomavirus; Rous sarcoma virus; Simplexvirus; Skin Neoplasms; Turpentine; Vaccinia virus; Viruses
PubMed: 14150243
DOI: 10.1159/000385962