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Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia... Aug 2008This is a case report of septic arthritis of the knee due to Prevotella loescheii, in a patient with advanced arthrosis. Two weeks beforehand he had undergone a dental...
This is a case report of septic arthritis of the knee due to Prevotella loescheii, in a patient with advanced arthrosis. Two weeks beforehand he had undergone a dental root extraction without antibiotic prophylaxis. His knee had become inflamed 48 hours after extraction and he was started on ibuprofen and steroid treatment (prescribed by his primary health care doctor). With a provisional diagnosis of septic arthritis, synovial fluid was taken for study. Antimicrobial therapy was commenced with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and the patient progressed satisfactorily. Prevotella loescheii was identified by anaerobic culture. A site of origin for the infection was never found. Joint infection is generally secondary to haematogenous dissemination of bacteria from habitual sites such as odontogenic locations. We suggest that patients with inflammatory arthropathies should be considered as candidates for antibiotic prophylaxis in oral surgery and invasive dental procedures. We suggest, in these cases, the use of antibiotic with spectrum against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
Topics: Aged; Arthritis, Infectious; Bacteroidaceae Infections; Humans; Knee Joint; Male; Prevotella; Tooth Extraction
PubMed: 18667985
DOI: No ID Found -
Bacteriologia, Virusologia,... 2004The aim of the study was to identify at species level the Prevotella strains from 30 pus samples collected by needle aspiration in patients with abscesses of fascial...
The aim of the study was to identify at species level the Prevotella strains from 30 pus samples collected by needle aspiration in patients with abscesses of fascial spaces of the face and neck. Microscopy of Gram-stained direct smear and cultures on selective and nonselective media incubated aerobically and anaerobically were performed in each pus specimen. All strains of Gram-negative strictly anaerobic bacilli were identified to genus and species level using conventional methods of diagnosis and the Rapid ID 32 A system (BioMérieux, Marcy-l'Etoile, France). The Prevotella isolates were recovered (alone or in association with other bacteria) in 46.6% of the investigated specimens and were represented in reverse order of frequency by the following species: P. melaninogenica, P. denticola, P. oralis and P. loescheii. In conclusion, the rate of Prevotella isolation was relatively high and the most frequently isolated species was P. melaninogenica (followed by P. denticola), while no P. intermedia was found.
Topics: Abscess; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Bacteroidaceae Infections; Child; Face; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neck; Prevotella; Prevotella melaninogenica
PubMed: 16938935
DOI: No ID Found -
Current Microbiology May 2006Prevotella intermedia and Prevotella nigrescens are often regarded as principal causes of acute dentoalveolar infection; however, other species within the genus are also...
Prevotella intermedia and Prevotella nigrescens are often regarded as principal causes of acute dentoalveolar infection; however, other species within the genus are also known to be associated with such infection. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro proteolytic activity of these different Prevotella species that have been implicated with dentoalveolar infection. A total of 234 strains were obtained from pus specimens from dentoalveolar infection and from the plaque of healthy volunteers. Prevotella loescheii, Prevotella oralis, Prevotella melaninogenica, Prevotella buccae, and Prevotella denticola were all shown to have a proteolytic activity (8.5-10.5 x 10(-8) A-units) lower than that of P. intermedia and P. nigrescens (21.1-23.5 x 10(-8) A-units). In the case of P. loescheii, P. melaninogenica, and P. intermedia, the level of proteolytic activity for clinical strains was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that recorded for commensal strains. Proteolytic activity for all species of Prevotella examined was inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide and phenymethylsulfonyl fluoride. This study suggests that Prevotella species associated with oral purulent infection produce cysteine and serine proteinases and that in certain species of Prevotella, the strains involved in infection exhibit higher proteolytic activity when compared with strains from healthy sites.
Topics: Bacteroidaceae Infections; Cysteine Endopeptidases; Humans; Periodontitis; Prevotella; Prevotella intermedia; Serine Endopeptidases
PubMed: 16586023
DOI: 10.1007/s00284-005-0261-1 -
Chemotherapy Mar 2005This study determined the beta-lactamase production and the antimicrobial resistance of 72 Prevotella species and 48 Porphyromonas species isolated from different...
BACKGROUND
This study determined the beta-lactamase production and the antimicrobial resistance of 72 Prevotella species and 48 Porphyromonas species isolated from different clinical specimens.
METHODS
All strains were identified using API 32 ID. The beta-lactamase production was determined by nitrocefin disks. E test strips of benzylpenicillin, ampicillin + sulbactam, cefoxitin, clindamycin, metronidazole and imipenem were tested for each strain.
RESULTS
Nineteen Prevotella melaninogenica, 18 Prevotella intermedia, 16 Prevotella denticola, 11 Prevotella loescheii and 8 Prevotella bivia strains were identified. Four were clindamycin resistant. The highest beta-lactamase production was found at a rate of 68.4% in P. melaninogenica species. Additionally, 33 Porphyromonas asaccharolytica and 15 Porphyromonas gingivalis strains were identified. None of them produced beta-lactamase.
CONCLUSION
In view of the emerging antibiotic resistance among anaerobes, the current local susceptibility profile of our Prevotella and Porphyromonas species will establish the basis for additional surveys tracing significant changes in the antimicrobial resistance of our clinical isolates.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Porphyromonas; Prevotella; Prospective Studies; beta-Lactamases; beta-Lactams
PubMed: 15722627
DOI: 10.1159/000084017 -
International Journal of Systematic and... May 2004Two bacterial strains, EHS11(T) and EPSA11(T), which were isolated from the human oral cavity, were characterized in terms of phenotypic and biochemical characteristics,... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Two bacterial strains, EHS11(T) and EPSA11(T), which were isolated from the human oral cavity, were characterized in terms of phenotypic and biochemical characteristics, cellular fatty acid profiles and phylogenetic position based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that each of the isolates belonged to a novel species of the genus Prevotella. Strain EHS11(T) was related to Prevotella loescheii (about 95 % similarity), whereas strain EPSA11(T) was related to Prevotella oris (about 94 % similarity). Both strains were obligately anaerobic, non-pigmented, non-spore-forming, non-motile, Gram-negative rods. The cellular fatty acid composition of strain EPSA11(T) was very similar to that of P. oris JCM 8540(T). On the other hand, the cellular fatty acid composition of strain EHS11(T) was significantly different from those of other Prevotella species. The predominant fatty acids in strain EHS11(T) are C(18 : 1)omega9c, C(16 : 0) and C(16 : 0) 3-OH, whereas other Prevotella species, except for P. loescheii JCM 8530(T), possess anteiso-C(15 : 0), iso-C(17 : 0) 3-OH and C(18 : 1)omega9c. The predominant fatty acids in P. loescheii JCM 8530(T) are anteiso-C(15 : 0), C(16 : 0) and C(18 : 1)omega9c. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments revealed a genomic distinction of strains EHS11(T) and EPSA11(T) from P. loescheii JCM 8530(T) and P. oris JCM 8540(T). On the basis of these data, two novel Prevotella species are proposed: Prevotella shahii sp. nov. and Prevotella salivae sp. nov. The type strains of P. shahii and P. salivae are EHS11(T) (=JCM 12083(T)=DSM 15611(T)) and EPSA11(T) (=JCM 12084(T)=DSM 15606(T)), respectively.
Topics: DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Fatty Acids; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Mouth; Phenotype; Phylogeny; Prevotella; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Species Specificity
PubMed: 15143039
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.02876-0 -
Clinical Orthopaedics and Related... Jan 2004Infection is a serious complication of total hip replacement. It has been proposed that 6% of all infections after total hip arthroplasty may be of dental origin through...
Infection is a serious complication of total hip replacement. It has been proposed that 6% of all infections after total hip arthroplasty may be of dental origin through hematogenous spread. However, no conclusive evidence that the mouth is a definitive source for infection of a total hip replacement has been reported. In the current case, Prevotella loeschii, a pigmented bacteroides species was identified in a total hip replacement. Prevotella loeschii is an organism which exclusively inhabits the dental region. Hematogenous spread of Prevotella loeschii may occur after penetration of the mucosal barrier in cases of endodontic or periodontic lesions, pericoronitis, or complications of tooth extraction. The involvement of Prevotella loescheii in an infection in a patient who had a total hip arthroplasty is strong evidence for the mechanism of a hematogenous infection from a dental source.
Topics: Adult; Bacteroidaceae Infections; Hip Prosthesis; Humans; Male; Prevotella; Prosthesis-Related Infections
PubMed: 15043121
DOI: 10.1097/00003086-200401000-00038 -
Medecine Tropicale : Revue Du Corps de... 2003The incidence of cutaneous ulcers was observed after the rainy season in Djibouti in 1997. Based on the study of epidemiologic, clinical, biological, and therapeutic...
The incidence of cutaneous ulcers was observed after the rainy season in Djibouti in 1997. Based on the study of epidemiologic, clinical, biological, and therapeutic features these lesion were classified as phagedenic ulcers. While direct examination showed numerous fusiform bacilli, cultures performed in one patient, led to isolation of numerous colonies of Prevotella loescheii. Though less common, two other anaerobic bacterial species were detected, i.e., Peptostreptococcus anaerobius and Peptostreptococcus sp.
Topics: Adolescent; Bacteroidaceae Infections; Child; Disease Outbreaks; Djibouti; Epidemiologic Studies; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Male; Peptostreptococcus; Prevotella; Rain; Seasons; Skin Ulcer
PubMed: 12910663
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Antimicrobial... Jan 2003Magainins are a family of potent antimicrobial cationic peptides that possess antimicrobial activity against a wide range of target organisms. In this study, the...
Magainins are a family of potent antimicrobial cationic peptides that possess antimicrobial activity against a wide range of target organisms. In this study, the antimicrobial activity of synthetic magainin-mimetic compounds MSI-751 and MSI-774 was investigated against the periodontal pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Eikenella corrodens, Prevotella loescheii and Prevotella intermedia. P. gingivalis was more susceptible to MSI-751 than to MSI-774, whereas the other oral pathogens showed little difference in susceptibility to the two compounds. MSI-751 exhibited a rapid, dose-dependent bactericidal effect on P. gingivalis. Electron microscopy of MSI-751-treated P. gingivalis revealed intact cell wall vesicles devoid of cell contents, suggesting perturbation of the cytoplasmic membrane by this compound, perhaps equivalent to formation of membrane-disruptive ion channels by magainin peptides. These studies demonstrate that synthetic magainin derivatives exhibit antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens by disruption of cell membrane integrity.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Periodontal Diseases; Xenopus laevis
PubMed: 12507842
DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(02)00275-3 -
Kansenshogaku Zasshi. the Journal of... Feb 2002From October 1988 to March 2001, 5 patients with 6 episodes of intracranial abscesses were admitted to Chiba-Children's Hospital. Average age when they were admitted was...
From October 1988 to March 2001, 5 patients with 6 episodes of intracranial abscesses were admitted to Chiba-Children's Hospital. Average age when they were admitted was 10 years and 1 month. Initial clinical symptoms were fever in 5 cases, and headache in 1 case. It took 21 days from the appearance of the initial symptoms to diagnose the intracranial abscess. Four out of 5 patients had underlying diseases that were prone to cause intracranial abscess. Two patients of these were cyanotic congenital heart diseases (tetralogy of Fallot and asplenic heart), and the other 2 were sinusitis. Computed tomography revealed that brain abscess was found in 5 cases, and subdural empyema in 1 case. There were 3 single and multiple abscesses each. The most common lesion was the temporal lobe. Eight bacterial strains were isolated from 5 cases. Five were streptococci (3 were Streptococcus milleri group, other 2 were Streptococcus oralis and microaerophilic Streptococcus) and 3 were anaerobes (Prevotella loescheii, Prevotella bivia and Fusobacterium nucleatum). Antimicrobial therapy was started with panipenem-betamiprone in 3 cases, imipenem-cilastatin, ceftriaxone, and ampicillin in the other cases resre ctinely. Duration of therapy ranged from 28 to 67 days (45 days, average). In 5 cases, drainage with craniotomy was performed in addition to antimicrobial therapy. One case was treated medically alone, but this was the only case with recurrence after 1 year 2 months. There were no serious complications such as intraventricular rupture of abscess. All patients had good outcomes, but mild neurological sequela was found in 1 case.
Topics: Bacteroidaceae Infections; Brain Abscess; Child; Empyema, Subdural; Female; Heart Defects, Congenital; Humans; Male; Prevotella; Streptococcal Infections
PubMed: 11905002
DOI: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.76.83 -
Clinical Microbiology and Infection :... Jun 1999OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the Rapid ID 32A system (bioMérieux, Marcy-l'Etoile, France) for the identification of anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli, excluding the Bacteroides...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the Rapid ID 32A system (bioMérieux, Marcy-l'Etoile, France) for the identification of anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli, excluding the Bacteroides fragilis group. METHODS: Five hundred and twenty-eight identified clinical isolates of non-B. fragilis group anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli were tested in the Rapid ID 32A system, and identifications were compared with those obtained with conventional biochemical tests and gas-liquid chromatography. RESULTS: The Rapid ID 32A system correctly identified 280 (60.9%) of the 460 isolates tested for which taxa were included in the database, without the need for additional testing. A further 97 (21.1%) isolates were correctly identified to species level following the performance of complementary tests recommended by the manufacturer. Fifty-nine (12.8%) isolates were identified at the genus level only, and 21 (4.6%) were misidentified at the species level. Three isolates of Prevotella were not identified by the system. Of the 68 isolates belonging to taxa not included in the database, no identification was obtained for 33 (48.5%), while 35 (51.5%) were misidentified. CONCLUSIONS: The Rapid ID 32A system provided a rapid and reliable method for the identification of non-B. fragilis group, anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli to the genus level, while the success of species-level identification varied with different taxa. There was poor discrimination between Fusobacterium nucleatum and F. necrophorum, between Porphyromonas asaccharolytica and Porphyromonas endodontalis, and between Prevotella buccalis, Prevotella denticola, Prevotella loescheii, Prevotella melaninogenica and Prevotella oralis. The need to perform conventional complementary tests on 149 (32.4%) of the 460 isolates compromised the usefulness of the system for rapid species identification.
PubMed: 11856276
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.1999.tb00150.x