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Microorganisms Oct 2019The picture of dynamic interaction between oncogenic viruses and the vaginal bacteria-immune host milieu is incomplete. We evaluated the impact of , , and oncoviruses...
The picture of dynamic interaction between oncogenic viruses and the vaginal bacteria-immune host milieu is incomplete. We evaluated the impact of , , and oncoviruses on the vaginal Community State Types (CSTs) and host immune response in reproductive-age women. In our cohort, only and were detected and were associated with changes in the resident bacteria of CST I and IV ( < 0.05). increased in CST I while and increased in CST IV. Conversely, CST II and III showed an alteration of the immune response, with the decrease of Eotaxin, MCP-1, IL-7, IL-9, and IL-15 ( < 0.05), leading to reduced antiviral efficacy. An efficient viral clearance was observed only in women from CST I, dominated by . Our in vivo study begins to address the knowledge gap with respect to the role of vaginal bacteria and immune response in susceptibility to oncoviral infections.
PubMed: 31581600
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7100414 -
MSystems Jun 2019In the female genital ecosystem, the complex interplay between the host immune system and the resident microflora protects against urogenital pathogens, like is...
In the female genital ecosystem, the complex interplay between the host immune system and the resident microflora protects against urogenital pathogens, like is responsible for urethritis and cervicitis; however, most chlamydial infections are asymptomatic and, thus, not treated, potentially leading to severe reproductive sequelae. Here we investigated the interaction between the levels of selected immune mediators and the community state types of the cervical microbiota in -infected women. Cervical samples from 42 -positive women and 103 matched healthy controls were analyzed through the metagenomic analysis of the hypervariable region v4 of the 16S rRNA gene and the determination of lactoferrin, interleukin 1α (IL-1α), IL-6, alpha interferon (IFN-α), IFN-β, and IFN-γ by ELISA. Overall, infection was significantly associated with a microbiota dominated by anaerobic bacteria ( = 0.000002). In addition, a network of , , , , , and has been identified as a potential biomarker of infection through multiple statistical approaches. Again, chlamydial infection was significantly correlated with an increased production of lactoferrin, IL-6, IL-1α, IFN-α, and IFN-β ( < 0.05), whereas very low levels of IFN-γ were observed in -infected women, levels similar to those detected in healthy women. Our findings show a distinctive signature of genital infection, characterized by a specific bacterial network, constituted by anaerobes, as well as by increased levels of lactoferrin and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6, IFN-α, and IFN-β), accompanied by low levels of IFN-γ. To our knowledge, this is the first study that investigated the association of with the cervical levels of lactoferrin and selected inflammatory mediators and their correlation with the different community state types characterizing the female genital ecosystem. , known as the leading cause of bacterial sexually transmitted diseases, continues to be an important public health problem worldwide for its increasing incidence and the risk of developing severe reproductive sequelae, like pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility. Specifically, tend to persist in the female genital tract, leading to a chronic inflammatory state characterized by increased production of immune mediators responsible for tissue damage. Therefore, our study may help to broaden the knowledge on the complex interplay between the female genital microbiota and the host immune system in response to infection.
PubMed: 31164450
DOI: 10.1128/mSystems.00094-19 -
Anaerobe Apr 2018We describe 84 clinical isolates of Prevotella timonensis recovered between January 2007 and November 2016 at the University Hospital of Montpellier. They were...
We describe 84 clinical isolates of Prevotella timonensis recovered between January 2007 and November 2016 at the University Hospital of Montpellier. They were recovered from a variety of clinical samples, mostly of genital and wound origins. All isolates were isolated from a mixed aerobic and anaerobic microbiota. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 50 isolates showed 56% of beta-lactamase production and 40% of resistance to clindamycin. One strain was resistant to metronidazole.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Bacteroidaceae Infections; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross Infection; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Female; France; Hospitals, University; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Metronidazole; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Prevotella; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Young Adult
PubMed: 29307650
DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.01.002 -
Anaerobe Oct 2017Secnidazole, a 5-nitroimidazole with a longer half-life, is structurally related to metronidazole and tinidazole. For treatment of bacterial vaginosis (BV), secnidazole... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Secnidazole, a 5-nitroimidazole with a longer half-life, is structurally related to metronidazole and tinidazole. For treatment of bacterial vaginosis (BV), secnidazole is a suitable single-dose oral drug having a longer serum half-life than metronidazole. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility of vaginal isolates of facultative and anaerobic bacteria to secnidazole, metronidazole, tinidazole and clindamycin. A total of 605 unique BV-related bacteria and 108 isolates of lactobacilli recovered from the human vagina of US women during the years 2009-2015 were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by the agar dilution CLSI reference method to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The MIC (μg/mL) for secnidazole was similar to metronidazole and tinidazole for Anaerococcus tetradius (secnidazole: MIC 2; metronidazole: MIC 2; tinidazole: MIC 4), Atopobium vaginae (32; >128; 128), Bacteroides species (2; 2; 2), Finegoldia magna (2; 2; 4), Gardnerella vaginalis (128; 64; 32), Mageeibacillus indolicus (2; 2; 2), Megasphaera-like bacteria (0.5; 0.25; 0.5), Mobiluncus curtisii (128; >128; >128) and Mobiluncus mulieris (>128; >128; >128), Peptoniphilus lacrimalis (4; 4; 4) and Peptoniphilus harei (2; 2; 4), Porphyromonas species (0.25; 0.5; 0.25), Prevotella bivia (8; 8; 8), Prevotella amnii (2; 1; 2) and Prevotella timonensis (2; 2; 2). In this evaluation, 14 (40%) of 35 P. bivia, 5 (14%) of 35 P. amnii and 21 (58%) of 36 P. timonensis isolates were resistant to clindamycin with MIC values of >128 μg/mL. Secnidazole, like metronidazole, was superior to clindamycin for Prevotella spp., Bacteroides spp., Peptoniphilus spp., Anaerococcus tetradius and Finegoldia magna. Clindamycin had greater activity against Atopobium vaginae, Gardnerella vaginalis and Mobiluncus spp. compared to the nitroimidazoles. All 27 Lactobacillus crispatus, 26 (96%) of 27 L. jensenii, 5 (19%) of 27 L. gasseri and 18 (67%) of 27 L. iners isolates were susceptible to clindamycin (MIC ≤2) while the MIC for all lactobacilli tested was >128 μg/mL for secnidazole, metronidazole and tinidazole. Secnidazole has similar in vitro activity against the range of microorganisms associated with BV compared to metronidazole or tinidazole. Further, secnidazole spares lactobacilli, a characteristic which is desirable in drugs used to treat bacterial vaginosis.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Azoles; Bacteria; Clindamycin; Female; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; United States; Vaginosis, Bacterial
PubMed: 28522362
DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2017.05.005 -
Standards in Genomic Sciences Jun 2014Prevotella timonensis strain 4401737(T) is a member of the genus Prevotella, which contains anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria. It was isolated from a human breast...
Prevotella timonensis strain 4401737(T) is a member of the genus Prevotella, which contains anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria. It was isolated from a human breast abscess. In this work, we describe a set of features of this organism, together with the complete genome sequence and annotation. The 3,169,464 bp long genome contains 2,746 protein-coding genes and 56 RNA genes, including 3 or 4 rRNA operons.
PubMed: 25197502
DOI: 10.4056/sigs.5098948 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Apr 2007Gram-negative anaerobic rods were isolated from a human breast abscess. Based on genotypic and phenotypic characteristics, the novel strain belonged to the genus...
Gram-negative anaerobic rods were isolated from a human breast abscess. Based on genotypic and phenotypic characteristics, the novel strain belonged to the genus Prevotella. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed that it was closely related to Prevotella buccalis (94 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Prevotella salivae (90 %) and Prevotella oris (89.1 %). The major cellular fatty acid was C(14 : 0) (19.5 %). The new isolate represents a novel species in the genus Prevotella, for which the name Prevotella timonensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain 4401737(T) (=CIP 108522(T)=CCUG 50105(T)).
Topics: Abscess; Adult; Bacteroidaceae Infections; Breast; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Female; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; Prevotella; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 17392225
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.64609-0