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Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver... Jun 2024Recent research has shown that Western-style diets have been associated with an increased risk of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Our aim was to examine the link...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Recent research has shown that Western-style diets have been associated with an increased risk of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Our aim was to examine the link between an anti-inflammatory diet and the maintenance of IBD remission, as well as to assess the potential therapeutic advantages of this dietary approach in preserving IBD remission.
METHODS
The inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to a total of 189 individuals with IBD, with 21 individuals not meeting the criteria. Therefore, 168 eligible patients were enrolled in the study and allocated to either an anti-inflammatory diet or a regular diet, based on their personal preference.
RESULTS
A cohort of 168 IBD adult patients was recruited for the study: 88 patients with ulcerative colitis and 80 with Crohn's disease. The intervention group received an anti-inflammatory diet consisting of the removal of red and processed meat, fried foods, high-lactose foods, fast food, white bread, sugar, and vegetable oils rich in omega-6 for a period of 1 year. The clinical response was maintained in 80 patients (95.2%) in the intervention group and in 72 patients (85.7%) in the control group (p-value=0.036). Although not statistically significant, fecal calprotectin was higher in the control group than in the intervention group at follow-up.
CONCLUSIONS
Patients who adhered to an anti-inflammatory diet exhibited a higher rate of maintenance of clinical remission. Furthermore, improvement in inflammation tests was observed in the intervention group, reinforcing the proposition that IBD is a lifestyle-related disease.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Adult; Prospective Studies; Crohn Disease; Colitis, Ulcerative; Biomarkers; Recurrence; Middle Aged; Feces; Remission Induction; Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult; Time Factors; Inflammation Mediators; Diet, Healthy
PubMed: 38944867
DOI: 10.15403/jgld-5482 -
Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver... Jun 2024The environmental factors, apart from gluten ingestion predisposing to coeliac disease are poorly known. Smoking is associated with many immune-mediated diseases, but...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
The environmental factors, apart from gluten ingestion predisposing to coeliac disease are poorly known. Smoking is associated with many immune-mediated diseases, but research on coeliac disease is scarce. This study aims to investigate how smoking affects the clinical presentation, presence of comorbidities and response to gluten-free diet in coeliac disease.
METHODS
Altogether 815 adults with coeliac disease participated in a nationwide cross-sectional study. Participants were interviewed and smoking habits (never, former, or current smoker), clinical presentation of coeliac disease and presence of comorbidities were elicited. Serology and severity of small bowel mucosal lesions at diagnosis were gathered from the participants' medical records and follow-up serology was measured. Gastrointestinal symptoms and psychological well-being were assessed using validated questionnaires.
RESULTS
Current smokers were more often male and were diagnosed at younger ages than never or former smokers. There were no differences between the groups in clinical presentation, severity of symptoms or mucosal lesions at diagnosis or in dietary compliance and clinical, serological, and histological recovery. Musculoskeletal disorders, particularly osteoporosis and osteopenia, were more common in never smokers than in other groups (14.5% vs. 5.1% and 4.1%, p<0.001), and cardiovascular disorders were diagnosed more often in former smokers (36.2% vs. 23.5% and 21.9%, p=0.003).
CONCLUSIONS
Smoking does not seem to have an impact on the clinical presentation, severity of symptoms or mucosal damage in coeliac disease. Histological and clinical recovery as well as seroconversion on gluten-free diet are not affected by smoking status.
Topics: Humans; Celiac Disease; Male; Female; Cross-Sectional Studies; Middle Aged; Diet, Gluten-Free; Adult; Cigarette Smoking; Aged; Treatment Outcome; Comorbidity; Risk Factors; Smokers; Ex-Smokers; Intestinal Mucosa
PubMed: 38944862
DOI: 10.15403/jgld-5364 -
Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver... Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Pancreatic Ducts; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; Catheterization; Ampulla of Vater; Treatment Outcome; Male; Female
PubMed: 38944861
DOI: 10.15403/jgld-5386 -
Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver... Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Remission Induction; Escherichia coli; Treatment Outcome; Probiotics; Male; Female; Crohn Disease; Adult; Colitis, Ulcerative; Middle Aged; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
PubMed: 38944860
DOI: 10.15403/jgld-5578 -
Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver... Jun 2024Early gastric cancers (EGCs) after Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication often appear as reddish depressed lesions (RDLs); the same features are also appeared in... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Early gastric cancers (EGCs) after Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication often appear as reddish depressed lesions (RDLs); the same features are also appeared in benign stomachs after eradication. We compared clinic-pathological and endoscopic features of benign and neoplastic RDLs after H. pylori eradication.
METHODS
228 neoplastic RDLs after H. pylori eradication were studied. All lesions were divided into neoplastic RDLs (differentiated carcinoma or adenoma, n=114) and benign RDLs (n=114) according to the histology. Clinical and pathological characteristics were compared in neoplastic and benign groups. Endoscopic diagnostic yields using the white light (WL) endoscopy, chromoendoscopy (CE) using indigo carmine dye and the magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI) were also evaluated in relation to the pathological diagnosis.
RESULTS
Size of neoplastic RDLs was larger than that of benign RDLs (p<0.01). Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for predicting pathological types of RDLs was 70.1%, 52.6% and 61.4% for the WL, 65.8%, 63.1% and 65.4% for the CE, while the ME-NBI scored better with the 88.6%, 88.6%, 99.1% and 93.9% of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. The accuracy of the ME-NBI was 99.9% (113/114) in the benign RDLs and 89.4% (101/114) for the neoplastic RDLs. Undiagnosed neoplastic RDLs using the ME-NBI were associated with more differentiated tumors such as adenoma and well-differentiated adenocarcinoma (tub1) and the presence of an unclear demarcation line.
CONCLUSIONS
ME-NBI is useful to diagnose RDLs after H. pylori eradiation, while some of neoplastic lesions are difficult to diagnose using the ME-NBI.
Topics: Humans; Stomach Neoplasms; Helicobacter Infections; Middle Aged; Helicobacter pylori; Male; Female; Gastroscopy; Aged; Narrow Band Imaging; Adenoma; Predictive Value of Tests; Gastric Mucosa; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Adult; Treatment Outcome; Biopsy; Early Detection of Cancer; Retrospective Studies; Indigo Carmine
PubMed: 38944858
DOI: 10.15403/jgld-5136 -
Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver... Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Laparoscopy; Gastrectomy; Gastric Fistula; Treatment Outcome; Female; Surgical Instruments; Middle Aged; Adult; Male; Obesity, Morbid
PubMed: 38944857
DOI: 10.15403/jgld-5511 -
Gut Microbes 2024The role of the intratumoral microbiome in gastric cancer (GC) has not been comprehensively assessed. Here, we explored the relationship between the microbial community...
The role of the intratumoral microbiome in gastric cancer (GC) has not been comprehensively assessed. Here, we explored the relationship between the microbial community and GC prognosis and therapy efficacy. Several cancer-associated microbial characteristics were identified, including increased α-diversity, differential β-diversity, and decreased abundance. After adjusting for clinical features, prognostic analysis revealed 2 phyla, 14 genera, and 5 species associated with the overall survival of patients with GC. Additionally, 2 phyla, 14 genera, and 6 species were associated with adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) efficacy in patients with stage II - III GC. Furthermore, we classified GC microbiome structures into three microbial subtypes (MS1, MS2 and MS3) with distinguishing features. The MS1 subtype exhibited high immune activity and enrichment of microbiota related to immunotherapy and butyric acid-producing, as well as potential benefits in immunotherapy. MS2 featured the highest α-diversity and activation of the TFF pathway, MS3 was characterized by epithelial-mesenchymal transition and was associated with poor prognosis and reduced ACT efficacy. Collectively, the results of this study provide valuable insights into the microbial characteristics associated with GC prognosis and therapy efficacy.
Topics: Stomach Neoplasms; Humans; Prognosis; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Bacteria; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Aged; Helicobacter pylori; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38944840
DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2369336 -
Orvosi Hetilap Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Nephrectomy; Robotic Surgical Procedures; Kidney Neoplasms; Female; Male; Retrospective Studies; Hungary; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome; Operative Time; Laparoscopy; Aged; Adult
PubMed: 38944819
DOI: 10.1556/650.2024.33067 -
Aging Jun 2024The genomic landscape of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has a considerable intra-tumor heterogeneity, which is a significant obstacle in the field of precision...
Unfolding the mysteries of heterogeneity from a high-resolution perspective: integration analysis of single-cell multi-omics and spatial omics revealed functionally heterogeneous cancer cells in ccRCC.
The genomic landscape of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has a considerable intra-tumor heterogeneity, which is a significant obstacle in the field of precision oncology and plays a pivotal role in metastasis, recurrence, and therapeutic resistance of cancer. The mechanisms of intra-tumor heterogeneity in ccRCC have yet to be fully established. We integrated single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (scATAC-seq) data from a single-cell multi-omics perspective. Based on consensus non-negative matrix factorization (cNMF) algorithm, functionally heterogeneous cancer cells were classified into metabolism, inflammatory, and EMT meta programs, with spatial transcriptomics sequencing (stRNA-seq) providing spatial information of such disparate meta programs of cancer cells. The bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data revealed high clinical prognostic values of functionally heterogeneous cancer cells of three meta programs, with transcription factor regulatory network and motif activities revealing the key transcription factors that regulate functionally heterogeneous ccRCC cells. The interactions between varying meta programs and other cell subpopulations in the microenvironment were investigated. Finally, we assessed the sensitivity of cancer cells of disparate meta programs to different anti-cancer agents. Our findings inform on the intra-tumor heterogeneity of ccRCC and its regulatory networks and offers new perspectives to facilitate the designs of rational therapeutic strategies.
PubMed: 38944814
DOI: 10.18632/aging.205974 -
Advances in Gerontology = Uspekhi... 2024In the treatment of coronavirus infections, it is important not only to understand the course of the disease, but also to understand what is happening in the human body,... (Review)
Review
In the treatment of coronavirus infections, it is important not only to understand the course of the disease, but also to understand what is happening in the human body, especially in the circulatory system, that is, which disorders lead to deterioration and further complications. Hemostasis disorder in COVID-19 plays an important role in the etiology and clinical manifestations of the disease. The ability to identify factors and risk groups for the development of thrombotic complications, the ability to dynamically interpret peripheral blood parameters and coagulograms, knowledge of diagnostic criteria for possible hemostasis disorders (for example, DIC syndrome, sepsis-associated coagulopathy, antiphospholipids, hemophagocytosis and hypercoagulation syndrome) are necessary to determine the indications for the test. Differentiated prescribing of clinically justified therapy (including anticoagulants and blood components) is important, which determines the complexity of treatment and prognosis for patients with COVID-19. This article is a review of the literature on the topic of hemostasis disorders in elderly and senile patients with mesenteric thrombosis in COVID 19 over the past few years.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; Aged; Thrombosis; SARS-CoV-2; Blood Coagulation Disorders; Hemostasis; Anticoagulants
PubMed: 38944786
DOI: No ID Found