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Microbiological Research Jun 2024The rich diversity of microbial endophytic communities associated with plants, often referred to as the second genome, serves as a compelling illustration of efficient...
Unraveling the functional characteristics of endophytic bacterial diversity for plant growth promotion and enhanced secondary metabolite production in Pelargonium graveolens.
The rich diversity of microbial endophytic communities associated with plants, often referred to as the second genome, serves as a compelling illustration of efficient co-evolution. This noteworthy partnership plays a pivotal role in sustaining plant well-being and enhancing plant adaptability across diverse habitats. Therefore, examining the diversity of endophytic microbes associated with their particular host plant is valuable for gaining insights into the vast spectrum of plant-microbe interactions. The present experiments aimed at investigating the bacterial endophytic diversity in both root and shoot tissues of Pelargonium graveolens, employing culture dependent and culture independent high-throughput metagenomics approach. A total of 614 and 620 operational taxonomic units (OTUs), encompassing 291 and 229 genera, were identified in the shoot and root tissues of P. graveolens, respectively. Furthermore, the subsequent classification of OTUs revealed 15 highly abundant phyla, with Proteobacteria dominating both root and shoot tissues. Notably, an exceptionally high abundance of Firmicutes phyla was observed in the shoot compared to the root. Additionally, 30 bacterial endophytes from the root, stem, petiole, and leaves were isolated and molecularly characterized, unveiling a consistent pattern of diversity distribution between the root and shoot of P. graveolens. Upon screening all isolates for plant growth promoting traits, Pseudomonas oryzihabitans was found to be positive for major biochemical test like nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization etc. and on inoculation resulted in about two-fold increase in content of essential oil accompanied by a significant rise in the geraniol and citronellol content. Diving deep into the genetic constitution of P. oryzihabitans unveiled a substantial number of genes directly and indirectly contributing to the endophyte's capability in colonizing host plants effectively. In summary, data obtained from metagenomics and culture dependent approaches including glass house trials suggest potential bacterial endophytes suitable for field applications for yield enhancement and in planta secondary metabolite enhancement investigations.
Topics: Pelargonium; Bacteria; Endophytes; Firmicutes; Plants; Microbiota; Plant Roots
PubMed: 38484575
DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127673 -
Malawi Medical Journal : the Journal of... Dec 2023Various infective complications can be seen after a dental procedure. They are rarely resistant to standard therapy. In the case we present, a case of preseptal...
Various infective complications can be seen after a dental procedure. They are rarely resistant to standard therapy. In the case we present, a case of preseptal cellulitis caused by pseudomonas oryzihabitans after tooth extraction in a male patient who did not have any underlying cause. As in our case, evaluation of the cases resistant to standard treatment in terms of drainage and multidisciplinary management of culture results together with infectious diseases will increase the treatment success rate.
Topics: Humans; Male; Cellulitis; Pseudomonas; Eyelid Diseases; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 38362568
DOI: 10.4314/mmj.v35i4.7 -
Archives of Microbiology Feb 2024Hydrocarbons are considered as one of the most common and harmful environmental pollutants affecting human health and the environment. Bioremediation as an...
Hydrocarbons are considered as one of the most common and harmful environmental pollutants affecting human health and the environment. Bioremediation as an environmentally friendly, highly efficient, and cost-effective method in remediating oil-contaminated environments has been interesting in recent decades. In this study, hydrocarbon degrader bacterial strains were isolated from the highly petroleum-contaminated soils in the Dehloran oil field in the west of Iran. Out of 37 isolates, 15 can grow on M9 agar medium that contains 1.5 g L of crude oil as the sole carbon source. The morphological, biochemical, and 16SrRNA sequencing analyses were performed for the isolates. The choosing of the isolates as the hydrocarbon degrader was examined by evaluating the efficacy of their crude oil removal at a concentration of 10 g L in an aqueous medium. The results showed that five isolates belonging to Pseudomonas sp., Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, Roseomonas aestuarii, Pantoea agglomerans, and Arthrobacter sp. had a hyper hydrocarbon-degrading activity and they could remove more than 85% of the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) after 96 h. The highest TPH removal of about 95.75% and biodegradation rate of 0.0997 g L h was observed for P. agglomerans. The gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis was performed during the biodegradation process by P. agglomerans to detect the degradation intermediates and final products. The results confirmed the presence of intermediates such as alcohols and fatty acids in the terminal oxidation pathway of alkanes in this biodegradation process. A promising P. agglomerans NB391 strain can remove aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons simultaneously.
Topics: Humans; Pantoea; Petroleum; Iran; Soil Pollutants; Hydrocarbons; Hydrocarbons, Aromatic; Biodegradation, Environmental; Soil; Soil Microbiology
PubMed: 38351169
DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03819-y -
Plant Disease Nov 2023China ranks first in the production and harvest area of walnut ( L.) worldwide. Currently, the poor health and low yield of walnut caused by pathogen infection is of...
China ranks first in the production and harvest area of walnut ( L.) worldwide. Currently, the poor health and low yield of walnut caused by pathogen infection is of concern. In 2022, severe walnut leaf spot disease was observed on the seedlings of four walnut nurseries (0.08 to 0.23 ha) in Liaocheng, Shandong, China, with an average incidence of 48.6% (from 34.6% to 65.3% on the cultivar Xiangling). From August to October, leaf spots mainly appeared on the edges of the leaflets, and occasionally between veins. The lesions were initially soft and rotten, and then light brown, round to semi-circular. Subsequently, the adjacent lesions fused, and the edges of the leaflets and entire leaflets showed symptoms of browning and wilting. For pathogen isolation, five leaflets with representative symptoms from one of the nurseries were collected and wiped three times with sterile absorbent cotton dipped in 75% alcohol and washed with distilled water. Leaflet pieces at the junction of the lesion and healthy tissues were removed, crushed in a sterile mortar, and soaked in a small amount of distilled water for 10 min. The diseased tissue suspension was streaked on a nutrient agar medium (NA) with a sterile inoculation ring and incubated at 28°C for 24 to 72 h. The bacterial colonies obtained were further cultured on NA. The purified colonies were uniform in shape, round, and yellow, with a raised, shiny surface and smooth margin. The isolates were Gram-negative, and the electron microscope analysis showed that the pathogens were short rods (0.35 to 0.52 × 0.90 to 1.24 μm, average = 0.44 ± 0.05 × 1.08 ± 0.11 μm, n = 25). For bacterial species identification, a single-colony culture was subjected to genomic DNA extraction and gene amplification and sequencing of 16S rRNA, D, and B. The universal primers 27F/1492R (Lane 1991) were used to amplify the 16S rRNA gene and the specific primers 70F/70R and UP-1E/APrU (Yamamoto et al. 2000) were used to amplify the D and genes, respectively. In the BLAST analysis, the 16S rRNA sequence (GenBank OR195734) of the isolate shared 99% similarity (1409/1410 bp) with strain IAM 1568T (AM262973.1), and the D (OR709708) and B (OR709707) sequences showed >98% identity to D (707/717 bp; FN554494.1) and B (787/801 bp; FN554210.1) of strain LMG 7040T. Based on the above results, the isolated bacterium was identified as . For the pathogenicity test, healthy leaflets from 10 two-year-old potted walnut seedlings (cv. Xiangling) were used as inoculation materials. The leaflets were punctured with a sterile inoculation needle of 0.4 mm, and three small holes on each leaflet at an interval of about 5 mm were covered with a piece of sterile cotton. A bacterial suspension (1 ml) at 10 CFU/ml was spread onto the cotton, and wrapped with plastic film for 24 h. Water was used as a negative control. The inoculations were performed five times. Plants were grown outdoors at a daily average temperature of 22°C with relative humidity over 45%. Two days after inoculation, the disease began to develop in the leaflets with similar symptoms to those observed in the field. In contrast, control plants remained healthy and symptomless. Bacteria were reisolated from the inoculated walnut plants, and the morphology and 16S rRNA gene sequences of the isolates were the same as those of the original strains. Since it was discovered as an opportunistic human pathogenic bacterium in the 1970s (Keikha et al. 2019), has also been shown to cause certain plant diseases, such as panicle blight and grain discoloration on rice (Hou et al. 2020), fruit black rot on prickly ash (Liu et al. 2021), and stem and leaf rot on muskmelon (Li et al. 2021). As far as we know, this is the first report of causing walnut leaf spot disease in China. Leaf spot caused by may be a threat to walnut cultivation, and this report of its occurrence is the first step in determining potential spread and effective control measures.
PubMed: 37923975
DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-08-23-1634-PDN -
International Journal of Systematic and... Sep 2023A Gram-negative, yellow-pigmented, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterium, designated as strain BaP3, was isolated from the soil. Strain BaP3 grew at 16-37℃ (optimum,...
A Gram-negative, yellow-pigmented, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterium, designated as strain BaP3, was isolated from the soil. Strain BaP3 grew at 16-37℃ (optimum, 30 °C) and pH 6.0-8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0). Additionally, strain BaP3 could tolerate NaCl concentrations in the range 0-6 % (optimum, 1%). Moreover, strain BaP3 was motile by flagella. The phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA sequences showed that strain BaP3 belonged to the genus , and the sequence was most closely related to CGMCC 1.3392 and DSM 15758, with 99.66 % sequence similarity. RY24 was the next closely related species, exhibiting 99.38 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The DNA-DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity values between strain BaP3 and its closely related types were below 50 and 92 %, respectively. Both results were below the cut-off for species distinction. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain BaP3 was 65.30 mol%. The predominant quinone in strain BaP3 was identified as ubiquinone Q-9. The major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C 7 and/or C 6), summed feature 3 (C 7 and/or C 6) and C. These results indicated that strain BaP3 represents a novel species in the genus . The type strain is BaP3 (CCTCC AB 2022379=JCM 35914), for which the name sp. nov. is proposed.
Topics: Benzo(a)pyrene; Soil; Base Composition; Fatty Acids; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; DNA, Bacterial; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Pseudomonas
PubMed: 37725099
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006034 -
Microorganisms Apr 2023The aim of this work was to assess the natural microbiota of packed fresh-cut apples during refrigerated storage. Two different films were tested for the package, a...
The aim of this work was to assess the natural microbiota of packed fresh-cut apples during refrigerated storage. Two different films were tested for the package, a biodegradable (PLA) film and a conventional and commercial one (OPP). Two antioxidant additives were applied, a natural olive pomace extract and the commercial ascorbic acid used by the industries. The results revealed lower bacteria counts in samples with olive pomace extract and PLA films than in those with ascorbic acid and OPP films after 5 and 12 days of storage. These findings suggest that the use of such natural extracts as additives in fruits could delay the growth of mesophilic bacteria. The characterization and identification of the bacterial isolates from fresh-cut apple samples showed that the most prevalent species were , , , , , spp., and spp. Furthermore, an increase in the microbial diversity during the storage time at refrigerated temperatures was observed, except for the sample treated with olive pomace extract and packaged in OPP film. The highest microbial diversity was found for samples with ascorbic acid as an additive. This could indicate a negative effect of ascorbic acid on the microbial inhibition of apple slices. The natural olive pomace extract demonstrated potential as an antimicrobial additive for fresh-cut apples.
PubMed: 37317130
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051157 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2023Cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) and its paucibacillary forms are rare and difficult to diagnose, especially in immunocompromised patients with significant comorbidity. The...
BACKGROUND
Cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) and its paucibacillary forms are rare and difficult to diagnose, especially in immunocompromised patients with significant comorbidity. The aim of the study was to introduce the modern concept of the microbiome and diagnostic chain into clinical practice (patient-centered care) with the presentation of an atypical form of cutaneous tuberculosis with necrotizing non-healing ulcers leading to polymicrobial infection.
METHODS
The study material included samples from sputum, broncho-alveolar lavage and skin ulcer, taken from a patient developing cutaneous tuberculosis. The microbiological investigation was performed, and identification of the isolates was carried out using genotyping and the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry.
RESULTS
The immunocompromised patient with humoral abnormality (plasma cell dyscrasia) and severe paraproteinemia developed multiorgan tuberculosis. Although cutaneous manifestation preceded systemic and pulmonary symptoms (approximately half a year), the mycobacterial genotyping confirmed the same MTB strain existence in skin ulcers and the respiratory system. Therefore, the infectious chain: transmission, the portal of entry, and bacterial spreading , were unclear. Microbial diversity found in wound microbiota (among others , and ) was associated with the spread of a skin lesion. The biofilm-forming capacity of strains isolated from the wound may represent the potential virulence of these strains. Thus, the role of polymicrobial biofilm may be crucial in ulcer formation and CTB manifestation.
CONCLUSIONS
Severe wound healing as a unique biofilm-forming niche should be tested for Mycobacterium (on species and strain levels) and coexisting microorganisms using a wide range of microbiological techniques. In immunodeficient patients with non-typical CTB presentation, the chain of transmission and MTB spread is still an open issue for further research.
Topics: Humans; Tuberculosis; Biofilms
PubMed: 37213612
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1091373 -
The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery :... 2023Leclercia adecarboxylata and Pseudomonas oryzihabitans are two bacteria rarely seen in human infections. We present an unusual case of a patient who developed a... (Review)
Review
Leclercia adecarboxylata and Pseudomonas oryzihabitans are two bacteria rarely seen in human infections. We present an unusual case of a patient who developed a localized infection with these bacteria after repair of a ruptured Achilles tendon. We also present a review of the literature regarding infection with these bacteria within the lower extremity.
Topics: Humans; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Achilles Tendon
PubMed: 36868930
DOI: 10.1053/j.jfas.2022.11.004 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology Mar 2023The objective of the work was to assess the effect of biostimulation with selected plant growth-promoting bacteria on growth and metabolite profile of Salicornia...
AIM
The objective of the work was to assess the effect of biostimulation with selected plant growth-promoting bacteria on growth and metabolite profile of Salicornia europaea.
METHODS AND RESULTS
Salicornia europaea seeds were inoculated with different combinations of plant growth-promoting bacteria Brevibacterium casei EB3, Pseudomonas oryzihabitans RL18, and Bacillus aryabhattai SP20. Plants germinated from inoculated seeds were grown either in laboratory conditions or in a saline crop field. Fresh and dry weight were determined at the end of the experiment, for biomass quantification. The microbiological quality of fresh shoots for human consumption as salad greens was assessed, and the persistence of the inoculated strains in the plant rhizosphere was confirmed by next-generation sequencing (Illumina) of the 16S rDNA gene. The primary metabolite profile of biostimulated plants was characterized by GC-TOF-MS.In laboratory conditions, inoculation with the two strains Br. casei EB3 and Ps. oryzihabitans RL18 caused the most significant increase in biomass production (fresh and dry weight), and caused a shift in the central metabolic pathways of inoculated plants toward amino acid biosynthesis. In the field experiment, no significant biostimulation effect was detected with any of the tested inoculants. Seed inoculation had no significant effect on the microbiological quality of the edible parts. The persistence of inoculants was confirmed in both experiments.
CONCLUSIONS
Manipulation of the plant microbiome can trigger primary metabolic reconfiguration and modulate the plant metabolism while promoting plant growth.
Topics: Humans; Bacteria; Plant Development; Seeds; Crops, Agricultural; Chenopodiaceae; Plant Roots; Rhizosphere; Soil Microbiology
PubMed: 36841232
DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad036 -
Cornea Mar 2023The purpose of this study was to study the incidence, demographic features, clinical course, profiling, and management of uncommon species of Pseudomonas keratitis...
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to study the incidence, demographic features, clinical course, profiling, and management of uncommon species of Pseudomonas keratitis (other than Pseudomonas aeruginosa ) at a tertiary eye care center.
METHODS
Thirty cases of culture-proven uncommon species of Pseudomonas keratitis between January 2017 and December 2021 were retrospectively studied. The incidence, demographic and clinical profile, predisposing factors, microbial results, treatment, and visual outcomes were analyzed. We evaluated the risk factors for poor treatment outcomes.
RESULTS
Among bacterial keratitis cases, uncommon species of Pseudomonas keratitis occurred at a rate of 2.2%. The mean age at presentation was 51.37 years, and the most common predisposing factor was corneal trauma (36.7%). The mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) [in log of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR)] at presentation was 1.99, and the mean ulcer size was 5.75 mm. On culture, 56.7% of the cases were identified as Pseudomonas putida , 26.7% as Pseudomonas stutzeri , 10% as Pseudomonas mendocina, and 3.3% each of Pseudomonas oryzihabitans and Pseudomonas alcaligenes . We recorded good treatment responses in 66.7% of cases with the medical therapy of a combination of broad-spectrum antibiotics, whereas 33.3% of cases required surgical intervention. The risk factors for poor clinical outcome were older age, ocular trauma, previous ocular surgeries, poor BCVA at presentation, large ulcer size, delayed treatment, hypopyon, and early complications such as perforation, limbal involvement, and total ulcer.
CONCLUSIONS
Uncommon species of pseudomonas keratitis was more closely related to predisposing factors such as corneal trauma and other factors such as previous ocular surgeries, older age, large ulcers, longer duration of treatment, early surgical intervention in complicated cases, and poor visual outcome.
Topics: Humans; Retrospective Studies; Ulcer; Incidence; Keratitis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Risk Factors; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Corneal Injuries; Corneal Ulcer
PubMed: 36729653
DOI: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000003194