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International Journal of Systematic and... Feb 2020Two yellow-pigmented, Gram-stain-negative and rod-shaped bacterial strains, designated as RY24 and ZYY160, were isolated from rice. Results of phylogenetic analysis...
Two yellow-pigmented, Gram-stain-negative and rod-shaped bacterial strains, designated as RY24 and ZYY160, were isolated from rice. Results of phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains RY24 and ZYY160 belonged to the genus , and the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity was 100 % The DNA homology between the two strains was 99.7 %. The 16S rRNA and gene sequences of the two strains showed highest similarity values to CGMCC 1.3392 and DSM 15758 (sharing 99.31 and 94.34 %, respectively). The major fatty acids of two strains were identified as summed feature 8 (Cω7 and/or Cω6), C and summed feature 3 (Cω7 and/or Cω6), and the major respiratory quinone was identified as ubiquinone Q-9, which are typical chemotaxonomic features of members of the genus . The genomic DNA G+C contents of strains RY24 and ZYY160 were determined to be 64.25 and 64.21 mol%, respectively. The DNA-DNA relatedness and average nucleotide identity values between the two strains and their closely related type strains were below 36 and 90 %, which supported that RY24 and ZYY160 represent a novel species in the genus . Phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic evidence, together with phenotypic characteristics, showed that the two isolates constitute a novel species of the genus . The type strain is RY24 (JCM 33201=ACCC 61555), for which the name sp. nov. is proposed.
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; China; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Genes, Bacterial; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Oryza; Phylogeny; Pseudomonas; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Ubiquinone
PubMed: 31751195
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003852 -
Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions :... Feb 2020In endophytes, the abundance of genes coding for enzymes processing reactive oxygen species (ROS), including hydrogen peroxide (HO), argues for a crucial role of ROS...
In endophytes, the abundance of genes coding for enzymes processing reactive oxygen species (ROS), including hydrogen peroxide (HO), argues for a crucial role of ROS metabolism in plant-microbe interaction for plant colonization. Here, we studied HO metabolism of bread wheat ( L.) seeds and their microbiota during germination and early seedling growth, the most vulnerable stages in the plant life cycle. Treatment with hot steam diminished the seed microbiota, and these seeds produced less extracellular HO than untreated seeds. Using a culture-dependent approach, and genera were the most abundant epiphytes of dry untreated seeds. Incubating intact seedlings from hot steam-treated seeds with strains triggered HO production, whereas strains dampened HO levels, attributable to higher catalase activities. The genus was much less represented among seedling endophytes than genus , with other endophytic genera, including and , also possessing high catalase activities. Overall, our results show that certain bacteria of the seed microbiota are able to modulate the extracellular redox environment during germination and early seedling growth, and high catalase activity is proposed as a key trait of seed endophytes.
Topics: Germination; Hydrogen Peroxide; Oxidation-Reduction; Seedlings; Seeds; Triticum
PubMed: 31631769
DOI: 10.1094/MPMI-09-19-0248-R -
Clinical Case Reports Aug 2019Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is one of the neglected chronic inflammatory disorders which has not efficient treatment. These patients were susceptible to various...
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is one of the neglected chronic inflammatory disorders which has not efficient treatment. These patients were susceptible to various infectious diseases because of their changes in immuneresponse. Also, HS pathogenesis remains unclear and its report can create novel insight into mechanism and pathogenesis of this infection. Moreover, given that different susceptibility patterns of spp this species should be identified to the species level; molecular methods are rapid, inexpensive, and reliable method for identification of infectious agents to the species level and appropriate treatment of infections.
PubMed: 31428378
DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.2265 -
International Journal of Food... Feb 2019This is the first report of bacterial center blackening in muskmelon fruit caused by Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, which is known as an opportunistic pathogen of humans and...
This is the first report of bacterial center blackening in muskmelon fruit caused by Pseudomonas oryzihabitans, which is known as an opportunistic pathogen of humans and warm-blooded animals. The aim of this study was to investigate the microbiological characteristics of this infection. Bacterial center blackening, which can cause aversion in consumers, was observed in muskmelon fruit in South Korea in the fall of 2017. Symptoms included severe black pigmentation in the pulp surrounding the seeds inside muskmelon fruit. Dark brown pigmentation and gram-negative, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped pseudomonads were consistently recovered from the black pigmented pulp tissue of muskmelons. The symptoms after artificial inoculation were the same as those of the natural infection, while the control fruit exhibited no symptoms of infection. Using pathogenicity tests, analytical profile index (API) tests, whole-cell matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), and 16S rRNA gene and gyrB region sequencing, the dominant species was identified as P. oryzihabitans. The recent outbreak indicates that P. oryzihabitans poses a potential threat to the global production and transportation of muskmelon as well as food safety.
Topics: DNA Gyrase; Food Microbiology; Food Safety; Fruit; Pigmentation; Pseudomonas; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Republic of Korea; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
PubMed: 30419473
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2018.11.003 -
Pediatrics International : Official... May 2018
Topics: Bacteremia; Bone Marrow Transplantation; Catheter-Related Infections; Child; Cross Infection; Female; Humans; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral; Pseudomonas Infections
PubMed: 29878628
DOI: 10.1111/ped.13540 -
Journal of Bone and Joint Infection 2016is a saprophytic gram-negative microorganism usually found in damp environments, only occasionally responsible for human pathology. Infection mainly occurs in...
is a saprophytic gram-negative microorganism usually found in damp environments, only occasionally responsible for human pathology. Infection mainly occurs in malnourished, immunocompromised individuals with indwelling catheters. There is no previous published record of infection after joint arthroplasty. To enhance the literature, in this article we report a patient with a infected total hip arthroplasty, and discuss the diagnosis and management of this unusual infection.
PubMed: 28529854
DOI: 10.7150/jbji.16967 -
Journal of Medical Case Reports Mar 2017Pseudomonas oryzihabitans is a Pseudomonas bacterial organism rarely implicated in human infections. The bacterium has been isolated in a few reported cases of...
BACKGROUND
Pseudomonas oryzihabitans is a Pseudomonas bacterial organism rarely implicated in human infections. The bacterium has been isolated in a few reported cases of neurosurgical infections and patients with end-stage cirrhosis, sickle cell disease, and community-acquired urinary tract infections. Limited information exists in developing countries, however, because of the lack of advanced microbiological tools for identification and characterization of this bacterium. This case report describes the isolation of a rare Pseudomonas bacterium in a patient presenting with sepsis and skin infection.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 1-year-old girl was presented to a hospital in the northeastern part of Ghana with a 1-week history of pustular rashes on her scalp and neck, which occasionally ruptured, along with discharge of yellowish purulent fluid. The child is of Mole-Dagbon ethnicity and hails from the northern part of Ghana. Pseudomonas oryzihabitans was identified in the patient's blood culture using the 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing technique. The rash on the patient's scalp and skin resolved after continuous treatment with gentamicin while her condition improved clinically.
CONCLUSIONS
This finding suggests the potential of this bacterium to cause disease in unsuspected situations and emphasizes the need to have evidence for the use of the appropriate antibiotic in clinical settings, particularly in rural settings in Africa. It also brings to the fore the unreliability of conventional methods for identification of Pseudomonas bacteria in clinical samples and thus supports the use of 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid in making the diagnosis.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Exanthema; Female; Gentamicins; Ghana; Humans; Infant; Neck; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas Infections; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Scalp; Sepsis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 28330494
DOI: 10.1186/s13256-017-1230-6 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2017Tobacco products, specifically cigarettes, are home to microbial ecosystems that may play an important role in the generation of carcinogenic tobacco-specific...
Tobacco products, specifically cigarettes, are home to microbial ecosystems that may play an important role in the generation of carcinogenic tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs), as well as the onset of multiple adverse human health effects associated with the use of these products. Therefore, we conducted time-series experiments with five commercially available brands of cigarettes that were either commercially mentholated, custom-mentholated, user-mentholated, or non-mentholated. To mimic user storage conditions, the cigarettes were incubated for 14 days under three different temperatures and relative humidities (i.e., pocket, refrigerator, and room). Overall, 360 samples were collected over the course of 2 weeks and total DNA was extracted, PCR amplified for the V3V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene and sequenced using Illumina MiSeq. A subset of samples ( = 32) was also analyzed via liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry for two TSNAs: '-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). Comparative analyses of the five tobacco brands revealed bacterial communities dominated by , , and , with relatively stable in abundance regardless of storage condition. In addition, core bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified in all samples and included sp., sp., unknown , sp., sp., , and . Additional OTUs were identified that significantly changed in relative abundance between day 0 and day 14, influenced by brand and storage condition. In addition, small but statistically significant increases in NNN levels were observed in user- and commercially mentholated brands between day 0 and day 14 at pocket conditions. These data suggest that manufacturing and user manipulations, such as mentholation and storage conditions, may directly impact the microbiome of cigarette tobacco as well as the levels of carcinogens.
PubMed: 28326071
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00358 -
Microbiome Feb 2017There is a paucity of data regarding the microbial constituents of tobacco products and their impacts on public health. Moreover, there has been no comparative...
BACKGROUND
There is a paucity of data regarding the microbial constituents of tobacco products and their impacts on public health. Moreover, there has been no comparative characterization performed on the bacterial microbiota associated with the addition of menthol, an additive that has been used by tobacco manufacturers for nearly a century. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted bacterial community profiling on tobacco from user- and custom-mentholated/non-mentholated cigarette pairs, as well as a commercially-mentholated product. Total genomic DNA was extracted using a multi-step enzymatic and mechanical lysis protocol followed by PCR amplification of the V3-V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene from five cigarette products (18 cigarettes per product for a total of 90 samples): Camel Crush, user-mentholated Camel Crush, Camel Kings, custom-mentholated Camel Kings, and Newport Menthols. Sequencing was performed on the Illumina MiSeq platform and sequences were processed using the Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology (QIIME) software package.
RESULTS
In all products, Pseudomonas was the most abundant genera and included Pseudomonas oryzihabitans and Pseudomonas putida, regardless of mentholation status. However, further comparative analysis of the five products revealed significant differences in the bacterial compositions across products. Bacterial community richness was higher among non-mentholated products compared to those that were mentholated, particularly those that were custom-mentholated. In addition, mentholation appeared to be correlated with a reduction in potential human bacterial pathogens and an increase in bacterial species resistant to harsh environmental conditions.
CONCLUSIONS
Taken together, these data provide preliminary evidence that the mentholation of commercially available cigarettes can impact the bacterial community of these products.
Topics: Black or African American; Bacteria; DNA, Bacterial; Humans; Menthol; Microbiota; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Pseudomonas; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Smoking; Nicotiana; Tobacco Products
PubMed: 28202080
DOI: 10.1186/s40168-017-0235-0 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology Apr 2017Cotton seeds are frequently treated with acid to remove fibres and reduce seed-transmitted diseases. This process also eliminates beneficial bacteria on the seed...
AIMS
Cotton seeds are frequently treated with acid to remove fibres and reduce seed-transmitted diseases. This process also eliminates beneficial bacteria on the seed surface. The goal of this research was to seek and apply beneficial bacteria to acid delinted cotton seeds to evaluate their growth-promoting and salt stress alleviating effects in seedlings.
METHODS AND RESULTS
Bacteria were isolated from non-cultivated plants in the Malvaceae. Seeds were collected from Portia tree (Thespesia populnea) and wild cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) from coastal and arid areas of Puerto Rico. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Curtobacterium oceanosedimentum and Pseudomonas oryzihabitans were inoculated onto acid delinted cotton seeds. Bacteria increased cotton seed germination and length of emerging seedling radicles. Cotton seeds were inoculated with B. amyloliquefaciens to evaluate growth and root architecture of non-stressed and salt stressed seedlings. Inoculating cotton seeds with B. amyloliquefaciens led to a greater percentage of seedlings with expanded cotyledons after 8 days, enhanced primary and lateral root growth, and altered root architecture. Similar results were obtained when okra seeds were inoculated with B. amyloliquefaciens.
CONCLUSION
The data supported the hypothesis that non-cultivated plants in the Malvaceae growing in stressful environments possess bacteria that promote growth, alter root architecture and alleviate salt stress of cotton and okra seedlings.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
This study demonstrated the effects of applying beneficial bacteria on acid delinted cotton seeds. Inoculating seeds with salt stress alleviating bacteria could improve the growth of crop seedlings that are vulnerable to soil salinization.
Topics: Bacteria; Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; Germination; Gossypium; Plant Roots; Salinity; Seedlings; Seeds; Stress, Physiological
PubMed: 28176460
DOI: 10.1111/jam.13414