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ACG Case Reports Journal Jun 2024Stricture formation is common in Crohn's disease, and endoscopic intervention plays an increasingly important role in managing these strictures. A 61-year-old man with...
Stricture formation is common in Crohn's disease, and endoscopic intervention plays an increasingly important role in managing these strictures. A 61-year-old man with biological aortic prosthesis and a 30-year history of ileocolonic stricturing Crohn's disease, managed with azathioprine and infliximab, presented with marked occlusive symptoms. Colonoscopy revealed a descending colon stricture, prompting endoscopic balloon dilation. At the time of the procedure, no prophylactic antibiotic was given. Subsequently, he developed Streptococcus gallolyticus endocarditis, necessitating aortic valve replacement. The authors present a case of late endocarditis associated with endoscopic balloon dilation of a Crohn-related colonic stricture.
PubMed: 38903449
DOI: 10.14309/crj.0000000000001377 -
Revista Espanola de Quimioterapia :... Jun 2024
PubMed: 38896776
DOI: 10.37201/req/139.2023 -
International Medical Case Reports... 2024[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2147/IMCRJ.S438457.].
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2147/IMCRJ.S438457.].
PubMed: 38859943
DOI: 10.2147/IMCRJ.S481496 -
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Jun 2024Colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment using time-saving and cost-effective targeted therapies with high selectivity and low toxicity drugs, is a great challenge. In primary...
BACKGROUND
Colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment using time-saving and cost-effective targeted therapies with high selectivity and low toxicity drugs, is a great challenge. In primary investigations on Gallocin, as a most proposed factor in CRC pathogenesis caused by Streptococcus gallolyticus, it was surprisingly found that this bacteriocin has four α-helix structures and some anti- cancer sequences.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to determine the ability of Gallocin-based anticancer peptides (ACPs) against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and vascular epidermal growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and the evaluation of their pharmacokinetics properties using bioinformatics approaches.
METHODS
Support vector machine algorithm web-based tools were used for predicting ACPs. The physicochemical characteristics and the potential of anti-cancer activity of Gallocin-derived ACPs were determined by in silico tools. The 3D structure of predicted ACPs was modeled using modeling tools. The interactions between predicted ACPs and targets were investigated by molecular docking exercises. Then, the stability of ligand-receptor interactions was determined by molecular dynamic simulation. Finally, ADMET analysis was carried out to check the pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity of ACP.
RESULTS
Four amino acid sequences with anti-cancer potential were selected. Through molecular docking, Pep2, and Pep3 gained the best scores, more binding affinity, and strong attachments by the formation of reasonable H-bonds with both EGFR and VEGFR. Molecular simulation confirmed the stability of Pep3- EGFR. According to pharmacokinetic analysis, the ACPs were safe and truthful.
CONCLUSION
Designed peptides can be nominated as drugs for CRC treatment. However, different in-vitro and in-vivo assessments are required to approve this claim.
PubMed: 38840394
DOI: 10.2174/0115680266295587240522050712 -
Cureus Apr 2024Right-sided infective endocarditis is less common than left-sided endocarditis and can be a difficult clinical diagnosis. The presence of intracardiac devices is...
Right-sided infective endocarditis is less common than left-sided endocarditis and can be a difficult clinical diagnosis. The presence of intracardiac devices is a major risk factor. The presentation is less clear than left-sided forms because of the presence of respiratory symptoms and the absence of systemic embolization. Pylephlebitis, or septic thrombosis of the portal vein, is a serious infectious condition that often delays diagnosis. It is a complication of intraabdominal or pelvic infections. Streptococcus gallolyticus (S. gallolyticus) can cause infective endocarditis and is associated with colon neoplasia and hepatobiliary disease. In this case report, we describe the case of a 76-year-old male with a history of rectal adenocarcinoma who presented with different episodes of fever of unknown origin (FUO), one of which occurred after pacemaker implantation. Ultimately, he was diagnosed with S. gallolyticus-mediated tricuspid valve endocarditis with underlying pylephlebitis. Investigations did not show evidence of pacemaker lead endocarditis.
PubMed: 38817467
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59372 -
Biomedical Reports Jul 2024End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is the final stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD), in which long-term damage has been caused to the kidneys to the extent that they are...
End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is the final stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD), in which long-term damage has been caused to the kidneys to the extent that they are no longer able to filter the blood of waste and extra fluid. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is one of the treatments that remove waste products from the blood through the peritoneum which can improve the quality of life for patients with ESKD. However, PD-associated peritonitis is an important complication that contributes to the mortality of patients, and the detection of bacterial pathogens is associated with a high culture-negative rate. The present study aimed to apply a metagenomic approach for the bacterial identification in the PD effluent (PDE) of patients with CKD based on 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing. As a result of this investigation, five major bacteria species, namely , , , and , were observed in PDE samples. Taken together, the findings of the present study have suggested that this metagenomic approach could provide a greater potential for bacterial taxonomic identification compared with traditional culture methods, suggesting that this is a practical and culture-independent alternative approach that will offer a novel preventative infectious strategy in patients with CDK.
PubMed: 38800037
DOI: 10.3892/br.2024.1790 -
Journal of Periodontal Research May 2024This systematic review aims to investigate the microbial basis underlying the association between oral microbiota and colorectal cancer. A comprehensive search was... (Review)
Review
This systematic review aims to investigate the microbial basis underlying the association between oral microbiota and colorectal cancer. A comprehensive search was conducted across four databases, encompassing potentially relevant studies published up to April 2024 related to the PECO question: "Is there a differentiation in oral microbial composition between adult patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer compared to healthy patients?". The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the quality of the studies included. The level of evidence was assessed through the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) tool. Sixteen studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Based on low to moderate evidence profile, high levels of certain subspecies within Firmicutes (such as Streptococcus anginosus, Peptostreptococcus stomatis, S. koreensis, and S. gallolyticus), Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Neisseria oralis were found to be associated with colorectal cancer. Conversely, certain bacteria (e.g., Lachnospiraceae, F. periodonticum, and P. melaninogenica) could exert a symbiotic protective effect against colorectal cancer. Based on existing evidence, it appears that variations in oral microbiota composition exist among individuals with and without colorectal cancer. However, further research is necessary to determine the mechanisms of oral dysbiosis in colorectal carcinogenesis.
PubMed: 38775019
DOI: 10.1111/jre.13289 -
Journal of Neonatal-perinatal Medicine 2024Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies pasteurianus is a subtype of Streptococcus bovis (S. bovis) that has become increasingly recognized as a sepsis-causing pathogen...
Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies pasteurianus is a subtype of Streptococcus bovis (S. bovis) that has become increasingly recognized as a sepsis-causing pathogen in neonates. It is well documented that S. bovis species have a predilection to both cardiac and gastrointestinal tissue, and in adult populations, isolating these organisms in the bloodstream often triggers further evaluation for co-morbid complications such as colon cancer or endocarditis. However, no such guidance currently exists in neonatal literature. We present a case of a preterm infant with S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus bacteremia presenting as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) not previously described in the literature. Furthermore, through a complete diagnostic evaluation, including an echocardiogram, our patient was found to have the rare complication of endocarditis.
Topics: Humans; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing; Infant, Newborn; Streptococcal Infections; Infant, Premature; Arteritis; Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus; Male; Bacteremia; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Female; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 38669486
DOI: 10.3233/NPM-230089 -
The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal Apr 2024Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies pasteurianus (SGP), a subtype of Streptococcus bovis, is an uncommon but important cause of neonatal sepsis. Although uncommon, SGP...
BACKGROUND
Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies pasteurianus (SGP), a subtype of Streptococcus bovis, is an uncommon but important cause of neonatal sepsis. Although uncommon, SGP infections during infancy have been associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality.
METHODS
This is a systematic review and meta-analysis of available literature on the clinical course and outcomes of infants with SGP infection. Studies were identified using the following MeSH keywords: "Streptococcus gallolyticus," "Streptococcus bovis," "newborn" and "infant." Data including perinatal factors, clinical presentation, investigations, treatment and outcomes were extracted and analyzed.
RESULTS
A total of 46 articles were identified (116 cases: 60 S. bovis, 56 SGP). The cases were predominantly term (52%), male (57%) and born via vaginal delivery (67%). The most common symptom was fever [67% (95% confidence interval (CI): 43%-84%)], lethargy [66% (95% CI: 32%-89%)], tachypnea [59% (95% CI: 27%-85%)] and irritability [59% (95% CI: 34%-79%)]. Infants with early-onset infections (<3 days of life) were more likely to have respiratory symptoms and bacteremia (73%), whereas late-onset infections presented predominantly with gastrointestinal symptoms. Four mortalities were reported which occurred before antibiotic administration. Isolated bacteria were mostly penicillin-susceptible [95% (95% CI: 78-99%)] and cases treated with penicillin derivative had good recovery.
CONCLUSIONS
SGP is an important cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis. Penicillin derivative is an effective treatment for SGP, and outcomes appear to be favorable.
PubMed: 38621155
DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000004361 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2024Staka is a traditional Greek sour cream made mostly from spontaneously fermented sheep milk or a mixture of sheep and goat milk. At the industrial scale, cream...
Study of the Microbiome of the Cretan Sour Cream Staka Using Amplicon Sequencing and Shotgun Metagenomics and Isolation of Novel Strains with an Important Antimicrobial Potential.
Staka is a traditional Greek sour cream made mostly from spontaneously fermented sheep milk or a mixture of sheep and goat milk. At the industrial scale, cream separators and starter cultures may also be used. Staka is sometimes cooked with flour to absorb most of the fat. In this study, we employed culture-based techniques, amplicon sequencing, and shotgun metagenomics to analyze the Staka microbiome for the first time. The samples were dominated by or spp. Most other bacteria were lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from the and genera or Gram-negative bacteria from the , , , -, and genera. , , or were the most prevalent genera in the samples, followed by other yeasts and molds like , , , , , or spp. Shotgun metagenomics allowed the species-level identification of , , , , , , , and . Binning of assembled shotgun reads followed by recruitment plot analysis of single reads could determine near-complete metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs). Culture-dependent and culture-independent analyses were in overall agreement with some distinct differences. For example, lactococci could not be isolated, presumably because they had entered a viable but not culturable (VBNC) state or because they were dead. Finally, several LAB, , and spp. isolates exhibited antimicrobial activities against oral or other pathogenic streptococci, and certain spoilage and pathogenic bacteria establishing their potential role in food bio-protection or new biomedical applications. Our study may pave the way for additional studies concerning artisanal sour creams to better understand the factors affecting their production and the quality.
PubMed: 38611432
DOI: 10.3390/foods13071129