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PloS One 2023Streptococcus gallolyticus sp. gallolyticus (SGG) is a gut pathobiont involved in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). To decipher SGG contribution in tumor...
Streptococcus gallolyticus sp. gallolyticus (SGG) is a gut pathobiont involved in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). To decipher SGG contribution in tumor initiation and/or acceleration respectively, a global transcriptome was performed in human normal colonic cells (FHC) and in human tumoral colonic cells (HT29). To identify SGG-specific alterations, we chose the phylogenetically closest relative, Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. macedonicus (SGM) as control bacterium. We show that SGM, a bacterium generally considered as safe, did not induce any transcriptional changes on the two human colonic cells. The transcriptional reprogramming induced by SGG in normal FHC and tumoral HT29 cells was significantly different, although most of the genes up- and down-regulated were associated with cancer disease. Top up-regulated genes related to cancer were: (i) IL-20, CLK1, SORBS2, ERG1, PIM1, SNORD3A for normal FHC cells and (ii) TSLP, BHLHA15, LAMP3, ZNF27B, KRT17, ATF3 for cancerous HT29 cells. The total number of altered genes were much higher in cancerous than in normal colonic cells (2,090 vs 128 genes being affected, respectively). Gene set enrichment analysis reveals that SGG-induced strong ER- (endoplasmic reticulum) stress and UPR- (unfolded protein response) activation in colonic epithelial cells. Our results suggest that SGG induces a pro-tumoral shift in human colonic cells particularly in transformed cells potentially accelerating tumor development in the colon.
Topics: Humans; Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus; Colorectal Neoplasms; Streptococcus; Gene Expression Profiling; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus gallolyticus
PubMed: 38033043
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294868 -
PeerJ 2023Shotgun metagenomic and 16S rDNA sequencing are commonly used methods to identify the taxonomic composition of microbial communities. Previously, we analysed the gut...
BACKGROUND
Shotgun metagenomic and 16S rDNA sequencing are commonly used methods to identify the taxonomic composition of microbial communities. Previously, we analysed the gut microbiota and intestinal pathogenic bacteria configuration of migratory seagulls by using 16S rDNA sequencing and culture methods.
METHODS
To continue in-depth research on the gut microbiome and reveal the applicability of the two methods, we compared the metagenome and 16S rDNA amplicon results to further demonstrate the features of this animal.
RESULTS
The number of bacterial species detected by metagenomics gradually increased from the phylum to species level, consistent with 16S rDNA sequencing. Several taxa were commonly shared by both sequencing methods. However, , , , , , , , , and were unique taxa for the metagenome compared with , , , , and for 16S rDNA sequencing. The largest differences in relative abundance between the two methods were identified at the species level, which identified many pathogenic bacteria to humans using metagenomic sequencing. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the correlation coefficient for the two methods gradually decreased with the refinement of the taxonomic levels. The high consistency of the correlation coefficient was identified at the genus level for the beta diversity of the two methods.
CONCLUSIONS
In general, relatively consistent patterns and reliability could be identified by both sequencing methods, but the results varied following the refinement of taxonomic levels. Metagenomic sequencing was more suitable for the discovery and detection of pathogenic bacteria of gut microbiota in seagulls. Although there were large differences in the numbers and abundance of bacterial species of the two methods in terms of taxonomic levels, the patterns and reliability results of the samples were consistent.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; DNA, Ribosomal; Reproducibility of Results; Sequence Analysis, DNA; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Salmonella enterica
PubMed: 37941936
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16394 -
Food & Function Jan 2024Flavan-3-ols are an important class of secondary metabolites in many plants. Their bioavailability and bioactivity are largely determined by the metabolism of intestinal...
Flavan-3-ols are an important class of secondary metabolites in many plants. Their bioavailability and bioactivity are largely determined by the metabolism of intestinal microbiota. However, little is known about the intestinal bacteria involved in the metabolism of flavan-3-ols and the activities of the metabolites. C-ring cleavage is the initial and key step in the metabolism of flavan-3-ol monomers. Here, we isolated a strain from porcine cecum content, which is capable of cleaving the heterocyclic C-ring to form 1-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(2'',4'',6''-trihydroxyphenyl)propan-2-ol from (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin, and 1-(3',4',5'-trihydroxyphenyl)-3-(2'',4'',6''-trihydroxyphenyl) propan-2-ol from (-)-epigallocatechin. The strain was identified as ( subsp. Pasteurianus, designated as F32-1) based on 16S rDNA similarity and MALDI-TOF-MS identification. The formation of the C-ring cleavage structural unit by the F32-1 strain enhanced the chemical antioxidant ability and altered the cellular antioxidant activity of (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin and (-)-epigallocatechin. Overall, in this study we isolated a new intestinal bacterium involved in the C-ring cleavage of flavan-3-ol monomers and elucidated the bioactivity of their metabolites.
Topics: Animals; Swine; Catechin; Intestines; Antioxidants; Flavonoids
PubMed: 37927225
DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03601d -
Infection and Drug Resistance 2023subspecies , formerly classified as biotype II/2 until 2003, is a rare cause of infant meningitis. Over the past 2 decades, only a few individual case reports and...
subspecies , formerly classified as biotype II/2 until 2003, is a rare cause of infant meningitis. Over the past 2 decades, only a few individual case reports and limited case series exist in the English-language literature. Moreover, the pathogenesis of subsp. meningitis in infants is unclear. Here we report a case of meningitis in a 6-week-old infant with hypothyroidism and preceding diarrhea. In this case, was cultured from cerebrospinal fluid, and then subspecies was identified by metagenomic next-generation Sequencing. The infant recovered uneventfully after a 4-week antibiotic course with ceftriaxone and vancomycin. Then combined with the literature of subsp. meningitis in infants, we discuss the possible etiology.
PubMed: 37727275
DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S425637 -
Scientific Reports Sep 2023In this work, we investigated the oncogenic role of Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus (SGG), a gut bacterium associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). We...
In this work, we investigated the oncogenic role of Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus (SGG), a gut bacterium associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). We showed that SGG UCN34 accelerates colon tumor development in a chemically induced CRC murine model. Full proteome and phosphoproteome analysis of murine colons chronically colonized by SGG UCN34 revealed that 164 proteins and 725 phosphorylation sites were differentially regulated. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) indicates a pro-tumoral shift specifically induced by SGG UCN34, as ~ 90% of proteins and phosphoproteins identified were associated with digestive cancer. Comprehensive analysis of the altered phosphoproteins using ROMA software revealed up-regulation of several cancer hallmark pathways such as MAPK, mTOR and integrin/ILK/actin, affecting epithelial and stromal colonic cells. Importantly, an independent analysis of protein arrays of human colon tumors colonized with SGG showed up-regulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK pathways, providing clinical relevance to our findings. To test SGG's capacity to induce pre-cancerous transformation of the murine colonic epithelium, we grew ex vivo organoids which revealed unusual structures with compact morphology. Taken together, our results demonstrate the oncogenic role of SGG UCN34 in a murine model of CRC associated with activation of multiple cancer-related signaling pathways.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Mice; Disease Models, Animal; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Proteomics; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; Colonic Neoplasms; Phosphoproteins; Proteome; Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 37696912
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41951-3 -
Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious... Nov 2023To develop an in-house matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) library for improved identification of species and...
OBJECTIVES
To develop an in-house matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) library for improved identification of species and subspecies of the Streptococcus bovis/Streptococcus equinus-complex (SBSEC).
METHODS
A total of 236 SBSEC isolates from blood stream infections and culture collections, determined by whole genome sequencing to subspecies level, were grown in brain heart infusion broth. Mass spectra were collected using the Bruker MALDI Biotyper system after ethanol-formic acid extraction. Main spectral profiles from 117 isolates were used to create the "SBSEC-CMRS library." The remaining 119 spectra were used for evaluation of Bruker MALDI Biotyper (MBT) Compass Library Revision K (2022) and the SBSEC-CMRS library.
RESULTS
The Bruker library correctly identified species and subspecies in 72 of 119 (61 %) isolates, while the SBSEC-CMRS library identified 116 of 119 (97 %), using a cutoff score of ≥2.0.
CONCLUSIONS
The SBSEC-CMRS library showed sufficient diagnostic accuracy, and can be implemented in clinical practice for SBSEC species and subspecies identification.
Topics: Humans; Streptococcus bovis; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; Streptococcus
PubMed: 37598592
DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.116045 -
American Journal of Translational... 2023Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) is closely associated with pathogenic microbiomes in the female reproductive tract, and can lead to neonatal septicemia....
BACKGROUND
Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) is closely associated with pathogenic microbiomes in the female reproductive tract, and can lead to neonatal septicemia. The current study aimed to investigate potential pathogenic microbiomes associated with neonatal septicemia based on DNA metagenome sequencing.
METHODS
In this study, a total of 7 pregnant women with PPROM presenting neonatal septicemia (experimental group) and 3 pregnant women with normal newborns (control group) were enrolled. Vaginal secretions at admission and before parturition as well as placental tissues after parturition were collected for DNA metagenome sequencing using whole genome shotgun method on the Illumina NovaSeq/HiSeq platform. Raw data were processed by BioBakery workflow, and MetaPhlAn4 was implemented for qualitative and quantitative analyses of microbiome. Lactobacillus crispatus, Gardneralla vaginalis, Fannyhessea vaginae and Streptococcus suis were specifically detected from the experimental group. The two groups were compared using Student's t-tests.
RESULTS
The indexes of Chao1 (P=0.00028/P=0.00072), abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE, P=0.00059/P=0.00026), Shannon (P=0.036/P=0.0065) and Simpson (P=0.007/P=0.041) in the experimental group were increased at admission and before parturition as compared with the control group. Several microbiomes, such as Lactobacillus crispatus, Gardneralla vaginalis, Fannyhessea vaginae and Streptococcus suis, were specifically detected in the experimental group. Notably, Gardnerella vaginalis and Streptococcus gallolyticus were identified from the vaginal secretions and placenta tissues of women with neonatal septicemia. Moreover, nucleic acid synthesis and carbohydrate metabolism-related pathways were enriched in the experimental group.
CONCLUSION
This study enhanced the current understanding of the mechanisms underlying pathogenic microbiomes in PPROM-induced neonatal septicemia. The trial registry number is ChiCTR2300070666 (URL: https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=195648).
PubMed: 37560239
DOI: No ID Found -
Poultry Science Oct 2023Streptococcus gallolyticus (SG) is a Gram-positive cocci found as commensal gut flora in animals and humans. SG has emerged as a cause of disease in young poults between...
Isolation, characterization, and experimental infection of Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies pasteurianus from commercial turkeys with acute septicemia: a pilot study.
Streptococcus gallolyticus (SG) is a Gram-positive cocci found as commensal gut flora in animals and humans. SG has emerged as a cause of disease in young poults between 1 and 3 wk of age. SG is associated with septicemia resulting in acute mortality with no premonitory signs in turkeys. Three SG isolates were obtained from clinical field cases of acute septicemia of commercial turkeys and used in three independent experiments. In Experiment 1, embryos were inoculated 25 d of embryogenesis with varying concentrations of SG1, SG2, or SG3. In Experiment 2, day of hatch, poults were inoculated with varying concentrations using different routes of administration of SG1, SG2, or SG3. In Experiment 3, day of hatch, poults were inoculated with only isolate SG1 using different paths. Poults were randomly selected for necropsy on d 8 and d 15 and sampled to collect spleen, heart, and liver for SG on d 21, the remaining poults were necropsied and cultured. Samples were plated on Columbia nalidixic acid and colistin agar (CNA) (40°C, 18-24 h). Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) confirmed suspect colonies. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test of independence, testing all possible combinations to determine significance (P < 0.05). Weight data were subjected to ANOVA using JMP with significance (P < 0.05). No differences were found in BW or BWG on d 0, 8, 15, or 22. Splenomegaly, focal heart necrosis, and pericarditis were observed in all groups in experiments 1 through 3. In Experiment 3, only airsacculitis was observed in a negative control in separate isolation (P > 0.05). On d 21 of Experiment 3, increased (P < 0.05) recovery of SG from spleens were observed in co-housed negative controls, as well as poults challenged by oral gavage (P > 0.05 for d 7 and d 14). These results confirm numerous previous studies indicating that SG subsp. pasteurianus is a primary infectious microorganism that causes septicemia in young poults.
Topics: Animals; Chickens; Pilot Projects; Poultry Diseases; Sepsis; Streptococcus gallolyticus; Turkeys
PubMed: 37540949
DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102950 -
Microorganisms Jun 2023The aim of this study was to evaluate whether dietary supplementation with an innovative silage (IS) created using 60% olive mill waste, 20% grape pomace, and 20%...
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether dietary supplementation with an innovative silage (IS) created using 60% olive mill waste, 20% grape pomace, and 20% deproteinised feta cheese waste solids can modulate the composition of the intestinal microbiota in weaned (Exp. 1) and finishing (Exp. 2) pigs. In Exp. 1 (40 day supplementation), forty-five crossbred weaned pigs were randomly assigned to the 0% (Control), 5%, or 10% IS groups (15 replicates/experimental diet). In Exp. 2 (60 day supplementation), eighteen finishing pigs from Exp. 1 were fed the control diet for 8 weeks before being re-assigned to their original experimental groups and fed with the 0% (Control), 5%, or 10% IS diets (six replicates/experimental diet). Performance parameters were recorded. Ileal and caecal digesta and mucosa were collected at the end of each experiment for microbiota analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequencing (five pigs/experimental diet for Exp. 1 and six pigs/experimental diet for Exp. 2). No significant effects on pig growth parameters were observed in both experiments. In Exp. 1, 5% IS supplementation increased the relative abundance of the family, genus, and (OTU_48) and reduced the relative abundance of genus in the caecum compared to the control and/or 10% IS diets ( < 0.05). In Exp. 2, 5% IS supplementation led to compositionally more diverse and different ileal and caecal microbiota compared to the control group ( < 0.05; = 0.066 for β-diversity in ileum). Supplementation with the 5% IS increased the relative abundance of // (OTU_3) in the ileum and caecum and (OTU_17) in the caecum and reduced the relative abundance of / (OTU_2) in the caecum compared to the control diet ( < 0.05). Similar effects on // and / were observed with the 10% IS diet in the caecum ( < 0.05). IS has the potential to beneficially alter the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota in pigs.
PubMed: 37512895
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071723 -
Journal of Animal Science Jan 2023In this study, we investigated 18 healthy and fertile Duroc boars, dividing them into two groups based on their reproductive age: 9 boars aged 18 mo and 9 boars aged 36...
In this study, we investigated 18 healthy and fertile Duroc boars, dividing them into two groups based on their reproductive age: 9 boars aged 18 mo and 9 boars aged 36 mo. Prior to semen sampling, all boars were raised together under identical management conditions for a period of 3 mo. Our findings revealed that older boars exhibited lower sperm motility and a higher proportion of abnormal sperm morphology compared to younger boars. Furthermore, older boars demonstrated lower anti-oxidant capacity in their semen, as indicated by elevated levels of malondialdehyde and decreased levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. Microbiota analysis utilizing the 16S rRNA technique showed that the semen microbiota of older boars had reduced alpha-diversity and beta-diversity in comparison to younger boars. We identified the Streptococcus genus and Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp macedonicus species served as biomarkers for semen from younger breeding boars, while the Bacteroides pyogenes species as a biomarker for semen from older breeding boars. Additionally, the semen from older boars exhibited a higher abundance of Aerococcus, Gallicola, Ulvibacter, and Proteiniphilum compared to younger boars. Spearman correlation analysis showed that these four bacteria were negatively correlated with semen quality. The abundance of Gallicola and Proteiniphilum were negatively correlated with semen anti-oxidant capacity. Additionally, the reduction of semen anti-oxidant capacity was correlated to the decrease of semen quality. Based on these findings, we concluded that the semen of older boars contains a higher abundance of harmful bacteria, which contributes to the observed reduction in semen anti-oxidant capacity and overall semen quality in this group.
Topics: Swine; Male; Animals; Semen; Semen Analysis; Antioxidants; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sperm Motility; Spermatozoa
PubMed: 37478469
DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad247