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Foodborne Pathogens and Disease Jul 2024This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Seed Shell Polyphenol Extract (EFSSPE) on a foodborne pathogenic bacterium. EFSSPE showed antimicrobial activity toward...
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Seed Shell Polyphenol Extract (EFSSPE) on a foodborne pathogenic bacterium. EFSSPE showed antimicrobial activity toward Typhimurium CICC 22956; the minimum inhibitory concentration of EFSSPE was 1.25 mg/mL, the inhibition curve also reflected the inhibitory effect of EFSSPE on the growth of . Typhimurium. Detection of alkaline phosphatase outside the cell revealed that EFSSPE treatment damaged the cell wall integrity of Typhimurium. EFSSPE also altered the membrane integrity, thereby causing leaching of 260-nm-absorbing material (bacterial proteins and DNA). Moreover, the activities of succinate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase were inhibited by EFSSPE. The hydrophobicity and clustering ability of cells were affected by EFSSPE. Scanning electron microscopy showed that EFSSPE treatment damaged the morphology of the tested bacteria. These results indicate that EFSSPE can destroy the cell wall integrity and alter the permeability of the cell membrane of Typhimurium.
PubMed: 38957974
DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2023.0185 -
Steroids Jun 2024Hydrocortisone succinate (1) is a synthetic anti-inflammatory drug and key intermediate in the synthesis of other steroidal drugs. This work is based on the fungal...
Hydrocortisone succinate (1) is a synthetic anti-inflammatory drug and key intermediate in the synthesis of other steroidal drugs. This work is based on the fungal biotransformation of 1, using Monascus purpureus and Cunninghamella echinulata strains. Comopound 1 was transformed into four metabolites, identified as hydrocortisone (2), 11β-hydroxyandrost-4-en-3,17-dione (3), Δ-cortienic acid (4), and hydrocortisone-17-succinate (5), obtained through side chain cleavage, hydrolysis, dehydrogenation, and oxidation reactions. These compounds have previously been synthesized either chemically or enzymatically from different precursors. Though this is not the first report on the biotransformation of 1, but it obviously is a first, where the biotransformed products of compound 1 have been characterized structurally with the help of modern spectroscopic techniques. It is noteworthy that these products have already shown biological potential, however a more thorough investigation of the anti-inflammatory properties of these metabolites would be of high value. These results not only emphasize upon the immense potential of biotransformation in catalysis of reactions, otherwise not-achievable chemically, but also holds promise for the development of novel anti-inflammatory compounds.
PubMed: 38955303
DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2024.109466 -
Bulletin of Experimental Biology and... Jul 2024The effectiveness of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate (EMHPS) in acute alcohol intoxication was tested in a study on SPF male outbred ICR mice. Ethanol...
The effectiveness of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate (EMHPS) in acute alcohol intoxication was tested in a study on SPF male outbred ICR mice. Ethanol (concentration 40%) was administered to animals once intraperitoneally at a dose of 4 g/kg. Control animals were injected with saline in an equivalent volume. In 15 min after the administration of alcohol, the animals were injected intravenously or intramuscularly with EMHPS at a dose of 50 or 100 mg/kg or with saline via the same route in an equivalent volume. Animal behavior was tested 3 and 24 h later after administration of the substances. After 3 and 24 h, mice in the pathological control groups developed semiptosis, the gait and the turning over reflex were impaired, the strength of the hind limbs decreased and the distance between the hind limbs increased when landing; in the open-field test, the latency of the first movement increased, and the number of rearing postures decreased. Intravenous and intramuscular administration of EMHPS in doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg had a pronounced antitoxic and neuroprotective effect in acute alcohol intoxication: all studied parameters did not differ significantly from the control.
PubMed: 38954302
DOI: 10.1007/s10517-024-06130-y -
Bulletin of Experimental Biology and... Jul 2024We studied the respiratory activity of mitochondria in peripheral blood leukocytes from 36 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and a history of ventricular...
We studied the respiratory activity of mitochondria in peripheral blood leukocytes from 36 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and a history of ventricular tachyarrhythmias required cardioverter-defibrillator implantation. The measurements were carried out in incubation buffers with different oxidation substrates (succinate and pyruvate-malate mixture). In pyruvate-malate incubation buffer, oxygen consumption rate and respiratory control coefficients in patients with triggered device did not differ significantly from those in patients without cardioverter-defibrillator triggering. At the same time, respiratory control coefficients were below the reference values. In succinate buffer, values of mitochondrial parameters were significantly lower in patients with triggered devices. Our findings indicate that mitochondria of patients with non-triggered cardioverters-defibrillators have better functional and metabolic plasticity. It was concluded that activity of respiratory processes in mitochondria could be an indicator that should be taken into the account when assessing the risk of developing ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
PubMed: 38954297
DOI: 10.1007/s10517-024-06123-x -
Nanomedicine (London, England) Jul 2024HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is amplified in HER2-positive breast cancer, driving cell signaling and growth. This study aimed to combat multidrug resistance in...
HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is amplified in HER2-positive breast cancer, driving cell signaling and growth. This study aimed to combat multidrug resistance in Dox-insensitive breast adenocarcinoma by creating a nanoformulation therapy with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Human serum albumin (HSA) was conjugated with α-D-tocopherol succinate to form nanoaggregates loaded with lapatinib (Lapa). The resulting Lapa@HSA(VE) NPs were 117.2 nm in size and demonstrated IC50 values of 10.25 μg/ml on MCF7 (S) and 8.02 μg/ml on MCF7 (R) cell lines. Lapa@HSA(VE) NPs showed no hepatotoxicity, unlike free Lapa, as seen in acute toxicity studies in rats.
PubMed: 38953854
DOI: 10.1080/17435889.2024.2359357 -
Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao.... Jun 2024With the continuous development of identification technologies such as mass spectrometry,omics,and antibody technology,post-translational modification (PTM) has... (Review)
Review
With the continuous development of identification technologies such as mass spectrometry,omics,and antibody technology,post-translational modification (PTM) has demonstrated increasing potential in medical research.PTM as a novel chemical modification method provides new perspectives for the research on diseases.Succinylation as a novel modification has aroused the interest of more and more researchers.The available studies about succinylation mainly focus on a desuccinylase named sirtuin 5.This enzyme plays a key role in modification and has been preliminarily explored in cardiovascular studies.This paper summarizes the influencing factors and regulatory roles of succinylation and the links between succinylation and other PTMs and reviews the research progress of PTMs in the cardiovascular field,aiming to deepen the understanding about the role of this modification and give new insights to the research in this field.
Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Lysine; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Succinic Acid
PubMed: 38953268
DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.15944 -
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Jul 2024The efficient harnessing of solar power for water treatment via photocatalytic processes has long been constrained by the challenge of understanding and optimizing the...
The efficient harnessing of solar power for water treatment via photocatalytic processes has long been constrained by the challenge of understanding and optimizing the interactions at the photocatalyst surface, particularly in the presence of nontarget cosolutes. The adsorption of these cosolutes, such as natural organic matter, onto photocatalysts can inhibit the degradation of pollutants, drastically decreasing the photocatalytic efficiency. In the present work, computational methods are employed to predict the inhibitory action of a suite of small organic molecules during TiO photocatalytic degradation of -chlorobenzoic acid (CBA). Specifically, tryptophan, coniferyl alcohol, succinic acid, gallic acid, and trimesic acid were selected as interfering agents against CBA to observe the resulting competitive reaction kinetics via bulk and surface phase reactions according to Langmuir-Hinshelwood adsorption dynamics. Experiments revealed that trimesic and gallic acids were most competitive with CBA, followed by succinic acid. Density functional theory (DFT) and machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) were used to investigate the molecular basis of these interactions. The computational findings showed that while the type of functional group did not directly predict adsorption affinity, the spatial arrangement and electronic interactions of these groups significantly influenced adsorption dynamics and corresponding inhibitory behavior. Notably, MLIPs, derived by fine-tuning models pretrained on a vastly larger dataset, enabled the exploration of adsorption behaviors over substantially longer periods than typically possible with conventional ab initio molecular dynamics, enhancing the depth of understanding of the dynamic interaction processes. Our study thus provides a pivotal foundation for advancing photocatalytic technology in environmental applications by demonstrating the critical role of molecular-level interactions in shaping photocatalytic outcomes.
PubMed: 38953235
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02334 -
The ISME Journal Jul 2024Microbial interactions impact the functioning of microbial communities. However, microbial interactions within host-associated communities remains poorly understood....
Microbial interactions impact the functioning of microbial communities. However, microbial interactions within host-associated communities remains poorly understood. Here, we report that the beneficiary rhizobacterium Niallia sp. RD1 requires the helper Pseudomonas putida H3 for bacterial growth and beneficial interactions with the plant host. In the absence of the helper H3 strain, the Niallia sp. RD1 strain exhibited weak respiration and elongated cell morphology without forming bacterial colonies. A transposon mutant of H3 in a gene encoding succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase displayed much attenuated support of RD1 colony formation. Through subsequent addition of succinate to the media, we found that succinate serves as a public good that supports RD1 growth. Comparative genome analysis highlighted that RD1 lacked the gene for sufficient succinate, suggesting its evolution as a beneficiary of succinate biosynthesis. The syntrophic interaction between RD1 and H3 efficiently protected tomato plants from bacterial wilt and promoted the tomato growth. The addition of succinate to the medium restored complex II-dependent respiration in RD1 and facilitated the cultivation of various bacterial isolates from the rhizosphere. Taken together, we delineate energy auxotrophic beneficiaries ubiquitous in the microbial community, and these beneficiaries could benefit host plants with the aid of helpers in the rhizosphere.
PubMed: 38952008
DOI: 10.1093/ismejo/wrae120 -
Neuropharmacology Jun 2024Vasogenic brain edema, a potentially life-threatening consequence following an acute ischemic stroke, is a major clinical problem. This research aims to explore the...
Vasogenic brain edema, a potentially life-threatening consequence following an acute ischemic stroke, is a major clinical problem. This research aims to explore the therapeutic benefits of nimodipine, a calcium channel blocker, in mitigating vasogenic cerebral edema and preserving blood-brain barrier (BBB) function in an ischemic stroke rat model. In this research, animals underwent the induction of ischemic stroke via a 60-minute blockage of the middle cerebral artery and treated with a nonhypotensive dose of nimodipine (1 mg/kg/day) for a duration of five days. The wet/dry method was employed to identify cerebral edema, and the Evans blue dye extravasation technique was used to assess the permeability of the BBB. Furthermore, immunofluorescence staining was utilized to assess the protein expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). The study also examined mitochondrial function by evaluating mitochondrial swelling, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, the collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Post-stroke administration of nimodipine led to a significant decrease in cerebral edema and maintained the integrity of the BBB. The protective effects observed were associated with a reduction in cell apoptosis as well as decreased expression of MMP-9 and ICAM-1. Furthermore, nimodipine was observed to reduce mitochondrial swelling and ROS levels while simultaneously restoring MMP and SDH activity. These results suggest that nimodipine may reduce cerebral edema and BBB breakdown caused by ischemia/reperfusion. This effect is potentially mediated through the reduction of MMP-9 and ICAM-1 levels and the enhancement of mitochondrial function.
PubMed: 38950691
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110054 -
Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta.... Jun 2024Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram-positive bacterium, is an opportunistic pathogen and one of the most frequent causes for community acquired and nosocomial infections that...
Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram-positive bacterium, is an opportunistic pathogen and one of the most frequent causes for community acquired and nosocomial infections that has become a major public health threat due to the increased incidence of its drug resistance. Although being a prominent pathogen, its energetic metabolism is still underexplored, and its respiratory enzymes have been escaping attention. S. aureus can adapt to different environmental conditions by performing both aerobic and anaerobic respirations, which is particularly important as it frequently colonizes niches with different oxygen concentrations. This adaptability is derived from the composition of its respiratory chain, specifically from the presence of terminal electron acceptor reductases. The plasticity of S. aureus energy metabolism is enlarged by the ten quinone reductases encoded in its genome, eight of them being monotopic proteins. The role of these proteins is critical as they connect the different catabolic pathways to the respiratory chain. In this work, we identify, describe, and revise the monotopic quinone reductases present in S. aureus, providing an integrated view of its respiratory chain.
PubMed: 38950690
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2024.149488