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Relationship between periodontal disease and obstructive sleep apnea in adults: A systematic review.Dental Research Journal 2024The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate whether there are scientific evidence regarding the association between periodontitis and obstructive sleep apnea...
The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate whether there are scientific evidence regarding the association between periodontitis and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults. An electronic search was performed on MEDLINE/PubMed for prospective and retrospective longitudinal studies, cohort studies, and case-control studies conducted in human adults affected by both OSA and periodontitis. Two reviewers extracted the data using a custom Excel spreadsheet. A methodological assessment of the quality of the studies was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Fourteen studies were included. All studies evaluated the association between periodontitis and OSA. None of the studies evaluated the cause-effect relationship. Eleven studies found a significant positive relationship between periodontitis and OSA, whereas three found no statistically significant association. Several study limitations were observed, such as lack of standardization of study groups, diagnosis of periodontitis and OSA, and differences in study design. Evidence of a plausible association between periodontitis and OSA was found. The possible relationship could be explained by systemic inflammation, oral breathing, and the comorbid relationship attributable to common risk factors. Observational and randomized controlled studies are needed to clarify the mechanism of interaction between the two conditions.
PubMed: 38476714
DOI: No ID Found -
Dental Research Journal 2024This review aims to perform a complete evaluation of the impact of photobiomodulation (PMB) on postoperative endodontic pain. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
This review aims to perform a complete evaluation of the impact of photobiomodulation (PMB) on postoperative endodontic pain.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The PRISMA checklist was used to perform this systematic review. The electronic databases were searched, including Google Scholar, PubMed, and Embase. Sixty-three papers were obtained through a main electronic search and a hand search. Nine trials met the criteria after screening the titles, abstracts, and/or full texts.
RESULTS
Seven out of nine studies showed that PMB has a significant impact on relieving postoperative endodontic pain, with no statistically significant difference in the severity of pain between the laser and control groups in the two remaining studies. In addition, eight studies showed no adverse effects, indicating that we can remove the adverse effects of drugs such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. However, one study showed evidence of the consequences of PMB application on teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. Therefore, it can be concluded that PMB should not be used in teeth with pain because of irreversible pulpitis.
CONCLUSION
Although there is some understanding from a cellular viewpoint of the effects of PMB, there is still some uncertainty about whether these cell-level modifications impact reducing the postendodontic pain.
PubMed: 38425318
DOI: No ID Found -
Dentistry Journal Jan 2024Oral cancer is one of the major public health issues in Pakistan and is the second most common malignancy in the country. This is mainly attributed to the widespread use... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Oral cancer is one of the major public health issues in Pakistan and is the second most common malignancy in the country. This is mainly attributed to the widespread use of smokeless tobacco products, cigarettes, and paan without tobacco. This review aims to go beyond commonly discussed factors and, consequently, to provide a comprehensive picture of all the multi-faceted contributors to the high prevalence of the carcinoma of the oral cavity, including the role of human papillomavirus and genetic predisposition. The aim is to synthesise all available evidence on the predisposing factors of oral carcinoma in Pakistan.
METHODS
This is a comprehensive systematic review of all observational studies investigating the contributing factors of malignancy of the oral cavity in Pakistan, and it strictly follows the PRISMA guidelines. Multiple databases, such as PubMed, EBSCO CINAHL Plus, SCOPUS, and Ovid Medline, were used to find studies, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews was searched for existing/ongoing reviews carried out on the same topic. A meta-synthesis of selected studies was carried out to create robust and statistically valid conclusions.
RESULTS
ST and cigarette smoking were found to be the major contributors to the burden of carcinoma of the lip and oral cavity. The included studies indicated that genetic predisposition and human papillomavirus could be major risk factors for the disease in the Pakistani population, but not enough research has been carried out to find their true impact.
CONCLUSIONS
Smokeless tobacco, cigarette smoking, genetic predisposition, and human papillomavirus can be considered significant risk factors for oral cancer in Pakistan.
PubMed: 38392229
DOI: 10.3390/dj12020025 -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Dec 2023Patients with oro-antral communication, whether from trauma, disease, or congenital anomalies, have options for surgical reconstruction or prosthetic obturation, but... (Review)
Review
Comparative analysis of surgical and prosthetic rehabilitation in maxillectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis on quality-of-life scores and objective speech and masticatory measurements.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Patients with oro-antral communication, whether from trauma, disease, or congenital anomalies, have options for surgical reconstruction or prosthetic obturation, but guiding interdisciplinary protocols are lacking.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare surgical reconstruction and prosthetic obturation, identifying correlations with baseline characteristics to determine the most effective approach for specific patients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A systematic search was conducted in 4 databases. Searching, screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were performed by 2 reviewers. Eligible studies focused on patients with palatomaxillary defects from cancer-related maxilla surgeries. Traumatic or congenital defects were excluded. The study compared prosthetic restoration (either with surgical or definitive obturators) to surgical reconstruction using flaps or grafts. Patients with surgical restoration after tooth extraction were excluded. Both subjective and objective outcomes were used for comparison.
RESULTS
Thirteen articles were included in the qualitative synthesis and 9 in the meta-analysis. Patient scores on quality-of-life questionnaires, objective speech, and masticatory ability evaluations were compared. The number of patients who underwent surgical reconstruction was 206, whereas 260 patients received prosthetic obturators. Results showed no significant differences. In the "activity" domain of the University of Washington QoL questionnaire, however, the 1.92 (0.45, 3.40) score difference was not clinically relevant. However, the heterogeneity of trials, the transient nature of subjective evaluations, the low number of participants, and major confounding biases did not allow a solid conclusion to be drawn.
CONCLUSIONS
The growing number of maxillectomy patients demands firm evidence on which rehabilitation to choose and when it should be done. The result suggests that obturator devices and surgical reconstruction have similar effects on quality of life and health outcomes. A multicentric registry in which patient strata could be analyzed separately by age, adjuvant therapies, defect sizes, and remaining dentition is advocated.
PubMed: 38151428
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.11.023 -
Dentistry Journal Nov 2023This review discusses both preventive measures and clinically implemented therapy procedures that have been developed recently for the prevention and treatment of tooth... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
This review discusses both preventive measures and clinically implemented therapy procedures that have been developed recently for the prevention and treatment of tooth erosion.
METHODS
The databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were used for a thorough search. Studies on the prevention and treatment of dental erosion that were conducted in English and used in vitro were among the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS
The search turned up 391 papers in total, with 34 of those publications matching the requirements for inclusion. Varnishes, toothpastes, and solutions containing fluoride and other substances were used as preventive measures.
CONCLUSIONS
Dental erosion is a significant issue, and taking preventative steps is crucial to lessening the disease's spread and its effects. Interventions based on fluoride seem to be successful at halting erosion and encouraging remineralization. To effectively address severe tooth erosion, therapeutic methods, including composite restorations, prosthetic crowns, and veneers, are available. Dental erosion causes aesthetic and functional issues that are best addressed with less invasive treatments like direct composite restorations. To improve and broaden the range of available treatments for this common dental issue, additional research and development are required.
PubMed: 38132412
DOI: 10.3390/dj11120274 -
Minerva Dental and Oral Science Dec 2023Regenerative medicine emerged as a promising strategy for addressing bone defects, with several bone grafts currently being used, including autografts, allografts,...
INTRODUCTION
Regenerative medicine emerged as a promising strategy for addressing bone defects, with several bone grafts currently being used, including autografts, allografts, xenografts and alloplasts. Calcium-based biomaterials (CaXs), a well-known class of synthetic materials, have demonstrated good biological properties and are being investigated for their potential to facilitate bone regeneration. This systematic review evaluates the current clinical applications of CaXs in dentistry for bone regeneration.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
A comprehensive search was conducted to collect information about CaXs and their applications in the dental field over the last ten years. The search was limited to relevant articles published in peer-reviewed journals.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
A total of 72 articles were included in this scoping review, with eight studies related to periodontology, 63 in implantology and three in maxillofacial surgery respectively. The findings suggest that CaXs hold promise as an alternative intervention for minor bone regeneration in dentistry.
CONCLUSIONS
Calcium-based biomaterials have shown potential as a viable option for bone regeneration in dentistry. Further research is warranted to fully understand their efficacy and safety in larger bone defects. CaXs represent an exciting avenue for researchers and clinicians to explore in their ongoing efforts to advance regenerative medicine.
PubMed: 38127421
DOI: 10.23736/S2724-6329.23.04859-3 -
Journal of Clinical and Experimental... Nov 2023The indicated treatment in cases of apical periodontitis (AP), a disease very prevalent in diabetic patients, is root canal treatment (RCT). This study aims to conduct a... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The indicated treatment in cases of apical periodontitis (AP), a disease very prevalent in diabetic patients, is root canal treatment (RCT). This study aims to conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to answer the following PICO question: In adult patients, does the absence or presence of diabetes affect the prevalence of root filled teeth (RFT)"?
MATERIAL AND METHODS
PRISMA Guidelines have been followed to carry out this systematic review. A literature search was undertaken in PubMed-MEDLINE, Embase and Scielo. All studies reporting the prevalence of RFT in diabetic patients and control subjects using radiographic examination were included. Study characteristics and risk ratios with 95% CIs were extracted. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed.
RESULTS
Five studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Prevalence of RFT were estimated with 701 people and 15,882 teeth. Among diabetic patients, 6.1% of teeth had undergone RCT, while in controls this percentage was 3% (OR = 1.7; 95% CI = 1.0 - 2.9; p = 0.065). Among diabetic patients, 65% had at least one RFT, while in controls this percentage dropped to 55% (OR = 1.4; 95% CI = 0.5 - 3.7; > 0.05). The certainty of evidence was low.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of RFT in diabetic patients is almost double that in the control population, however this result is only marginally significant. Dentists must take into account the high prevalence of RFT in diabetic patients, investigating the presence of diabetes in those patients in whom a high frequency of RCT is observed. Diabetes, endodontics, epidemiology, root canal treatment, root filled teeth, prevalence, survey, population-based study.
PubMed: 38074167
DOI: 10.4317/jced.61011 -
The Saudi Dental Journal Nov 2023This systematic review aims to investigate the impact of tumor necrotic factor alpha inhibitors in suppressing bone resorption in periodontitis, and its potential to... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
This systematic review aims to investigate the impact of tumor necrotic factor alpha inhibitors in suppressing bone resorption in periodontitis, and its potential to cause osteonecrosis. Extensive electronic research was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, which connected various aspects of anti-TNF-a (anti-tumor necrosis factor-a) to periodontitis and osteonecrosis patients.
BACKGROUND
TNF-a inhibitors are broadly indicated in the treatment of autoimmune patients with possible joint resorption and increased inflammatory processes such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease, where they reduce bone loss and certain mediators. As rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis share many characteristics, these medications may also be helpful in the treatment of coexisting periodontitis. However, besides medical benefits, anti-TNF-a also exhibits several adverse effects, ranging from dizziness to tuberculosis. Osteonecrosis is considered a recent adverse impact.
METHODS
An extensive electronic systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines was performed for English-language papers using the following databases as sources of information: PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Library Genesis, Worldwide Science, National Rheumatoid Arthritis Society (NRAS), and other related articles. This systematic review is registered on the PROSPERO platform under registration number CRD42022341753.
RESULTS
Twenty articles were identified after the exclusion criteria were applied. These include systematic reviews, case reports, retrospective cohort studies, case report series, -analyses, clinical trials, randomised clinical trials, cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, longitudinal observational studies, and prospective clinical trials. All these were included in the quantitative and qualitative analyses.
CONCLUSIONS
Anti-TNF-a drugs show promising results in treating patients with rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis but could be considered a risk factor for osteonecrosis. Hence, patients receiving such medications should be closely monitored by the dentist and physician before, during, and after administration.
PubMed: 38025596
DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.07.006 -
Dental Research Journal 2023Obesity and periodontitis are two commonly occurring disorders that affect a considerable amount of the world's population. Several studies have mentioned that there may...
BACKGROUND
Obesity and periodontitis are two commonly occurring disorders that affect a considerable amount of the world's population. Several studies have mentioned that there may be a link between the two. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine whether there was a difference in response to nonsurgical periodontal therapies (NSPTs) between obese and nonobese individuals.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
An online search was assembled with a combination of Medical Subject Headings terms and free-text words of the literature published up to December 2020, to identify interventional studies limited to an adult human population. Titles, abstracts, and finally full texts were scrutinized for possible inclusion by two independent investigators. Reduction in periodontal pocket depth was the primary parameter used to assess the outcome of NSPT.
RESULTS
The primary search yielded 639 significant titles and abstracts. After filtering, data extraction, and quality assessment, 34 full-text studies were selected. All studies matching inclusion criteria, suggest a positive association between obesity and periodontal disease.
CONCLUSION
Although a possible correlation exists between periodontitis and obesity, as with other oral-systemic disease implications, some controversy exists. While some studies have reported a distinct correlation between periodontitis and obesity, other papers have suggested only moderate or no association between the two conditions at all. These results advise of a difference between response to NSPT amid obese and nonobese individuals. However, with few quality studies and variable reported findings, there is limited evidence of any significant difference in clinical practice. However, it can be a positive warning that obesity is a risk factor toward the outcome of periodontal disease treatment.
PubMed: 38020246
DOI: No ID Found -
Canadian Journal of Dental Hygiene :... Oct 2023Nursing home-acquired pneumonia (NHAP) is the leading cause of mortality among residents in long-term care (LTC) homes. Aspiration pneumonia (AP) is one cause of NHAP....
BACKGROUND
Nursing home-acquired pneumonia (NHAP) is the leading cause of mortality among residents in long-term care (LTC) homes. Aspiration pneumonia (AP) is one cause of NHAP. Professional oral health care (POHC) and daily mouth care can be effective in decreasing AP risk.
AIM
To identify, appraise, synthesize, analyze, and interpret results on the effectiveness of onsite POHC interventions/programs delivered to LTC home residents in reducing oral disease and NHAP. To summarize the findings and provide recommendations for clinical work and future research.
METHODS
The PICO question addressed was, "In LTC home residents with oral health needs (P), is onsite POHC (I), compared to usual care (C), clinically effective in reducing dental disease and pneumonia/AP (O)?" Databases searched were PubMed, EMBASE (Ovid), CINAHL (Ebsco), Cochrane Library (Wiley), Web of Science, and the databases of the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination. Included were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), non-RCTs, and cross-sectional studies. PRISMA guidelines were followed and GRADE was used to assess the quality of studies.
RESULTS
Thirteen clinical effectiveness studies were included: 10 RCTs, 1 non-RCT, and 2 cross-sectional studies.
DISCUSSION
Better oral health and respiratory infection outcomes were found in the experimental groups who received an onsite POHC intervention compared to the control groups.
CONCLUSION
There is moderate-to-strong evidence that onsite POHC in LTC homes, provided mostly by dental hygienists, is effective in preventing bacterial mouth infection, pneumonia, and AP.
Topics: Humans; Oral Health; Long-Term Care; Pneumonia; Mouth; Pneumonia, Aspiration; Communicable Diseases; Lung; Delivery of Health Care
PubMed: 38020079
DOI: No ID Found