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Breast Cancer : Basic and Clinical... 2023Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in women globally, and mesenchymal stem cells have been widely implicated in tumour... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in women globally, and mesenchymal stem cells have been widely implicated in tumour progression. This systematic review and meta-analysis seeks to identify and summarise existing literature on the effects of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) on the migration of breast cancer cells (BCCs) in vitro, to determine the direction of this relationship according to existing research and to identify the directions for future research.
METHODS
A systematic literature search was conducting using a collection of databases, using the following search terms: in vitro AND mesenchymal stem cells AND breast cancer. Only studies that investigated the effects of human, unmodified MSCs on the migration of human, unmodified BCCs in vitro were included. Standardised mean differences (SMDs) were calculated to determine pooled effect sizes.
RESULTS
This meta-analysis demonstrates that hMSCs (different sources combined) increase the migration of both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines in vitro (SMD = 1.84, = .03 and SMD = 2.69, < .00001, respectively). Importantly, the individual effects of hMSCs from different sources were also analysed and demonstrated that MSCs derived from human adipose tissue increase BCC migration (SMD = 1.34, = .0002) and those derived from umbilical cord increased both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 migration (SMD = 3.93, < .00001 and SMD = 3.01, < .00001, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review and meta-analysis investigating and summarising the effects of hMSCs from different sources on the migration of BCCs, in vitro.
PubMed: 36710995
DOI: 10.1177/11782234221145385 -
The Malaysian Journal of Pathology Dec 2022Breast cancer remains a significant cause of mortality in females worldwide, despite advances in technology and treatment. MicroRNA expression in breast cancer is...
Breast cancer remains a significant cause of mortality in females worldwide, despite advances in technology and treatment. MicroRNA expression in breast cancer is studied both as potential biomarkers and for therapeutic purposes. Accumulated evidence revealed microRNA profile of various types of cancer cells following antineoplastic treatment. The progression of research in this area provides better understanding on the anti-cancer mechanism of various natural compounds and drugs specifically on the microRNA regulation. Hence, we aim to systematically review differentially expressed microRNA in MCF-7, a commonly studied breast cancer cell line, after treatment with anti-neoplastic agents. Relevant keywords were used to screen for research articles that reported on the differentially expressed microRNAs in experimental models of MCF-7 before and after anti-neoplastic treatment. Target genes of microRNAs were identified from MiRTarbase and further in silico functional analysis of the target genes were performed using DAVID bioinformatic resources. Two upregulated microRNAs (mir-200c and let-7d) and 3 downregulated microRNAs (mir-27a, mir-27b and mir-203) were identified by highest number of studies. Three microRNAs (let-7a, mir-23a and mir-7) showed inconsistent direction of expression. Genes functional analysis revealed the regulatory effect of microRNA on genes related to angiogenesis, hypoxia, P53, FoxO and PI3K-AKT signalling. Clusters of genes associated to the pathway of angiogenesis, cancers, cell proliferation and apoptosis were noted through protein-protein interaction analysis. MicroRNAs, especially the mir-200c, let-7d, mir-27a, mir-27b and mir-203 from this review could be further validated experimentally to serve as molecular target or biomarkers for anti-neoplastic therapy.
Topics: Female; Humans; Antineoplastic Agents; Breast Neoplasms; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; MCF-7 Cells; MicroRNAs; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
PubMed: 36591707
DOI: No ID Found -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2022Cancers are a potential cause of death worldwide and represent a massive burden for healthcare systems. Treating cancers requires substantial resources, including...
Cancers are a potential cause of death worldwide and represent a massive burden for healthcare systems. Treating cancers requires substantial resources, including skilled personnel, medications, instruments, and funds. Thus, developing cancer prevention and treatment measures is necessary for healthcare personnel and patients alike. (Polygonaceae family) is a plant used as a culinary ingredient. It exhibits several pharmacological activities, such as antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer. Several classes of phytochemical constituents of have been reported. The important ones might be polyphenol and flavonoid derivatives. In this systematic review, the activities of against cancerous cells were determined and summarized. Data were obtained through a systematic search of electronic databases (EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, Thai Thesis Database, Science Direct and Clinical Key). Eight studies met the eligibility criteria. The cancerous cell lines used in the studies were lymphoma, leukemia, oral, lung, breast, colon, and liver cancer cells. Based on this review, extracts significantly affected Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome-carrying human lymphoblastoid (Raji), mouse lymphocytic leukemia (P388), human acute lymphocytic leukemia (Jurkat), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29), human T lymphoblast (MOLT-4), human promyelocytic leukemia cell line (HL-60), human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (SAS, SCC-9, HSC-3) through induction of cell apoptosis, arrest of the cell cycle, inhibition of cell proliferation, migration, and colonization. The molecular mechanism of against cancers was reported to involve suppressing essential proteins required for cell proliferation, colonization, migration, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. They were survivin, cyclin-D, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A). The extract of was also involved in the protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway by inhibiting the expression of Akt, phosphorylated Akt, mTOR, and phosphorylated mTOR. From the key results of this review, is a promising chemotherapy and chemopreventive agent. Further investigation of its pharmacological activity and mechanism of action should be conducted using standardized extracts. experiments and clinical trials are required to confirm the anticancer activity.
PubMed: 35571080
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.875016 -
Cancers Apr 2022Cancer is the second cause of mortality worldwide. Early diagnosis of this multifactorial disease is challenging, especially in populations with limited access to... (Review)
Review
Cancer is the second cause of mortality worldwide. Early diagnosis of this multifactorial disease is challenging, especially in populations with limited access to healthcare services. A vast repertoire of cancer biomarkers has been studied to facilitate early diagnosis; particularly, the use of antibodies against these biomarkers has been of interest to detect them through biorecognition. However, there are certain limitations to this approach. Emerging biorecognition engineering technologies are alternative methods to generate molecules and molecule-based scaffolds with similar properties to those presented by antibodies. Molecularly imprinted polymers, recombinant antibodies, and antibody mimetic molecules are three novel technologies commonly used in scientific studies. This review aimed to present the fundamentals of these technologies and address questions about how they are implemented for cancer detection in recent scientific studies. A systematic analysis of the scientific peer-reviewed literature regarding the use of these technologies on cancer detection was carried out starting from the year 2000 up to 2021 to answer these questions. In total, 131 scientific articles indexed in the Web of Science from the last three years were included in this analysis. The results showed that antibody mimetic molecules technology was the biorecognition technology with the highest number of reports. The most studied cancer types were: multiple, breast, leukemia, colorectal, and lung. Electrochemical and optical detection methods were the most frequently used. Finally, the most analyzed biomarkers and cancer entities in the studies were carcinoembryonic antigen, MCF-7 cells, and exosomes. These technologies are emerging tools with adequate performance for developing biosensors useful in cancer detection, which can be used to improve cancer diagnosis in developing countries.
PubMed: 35454775
DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081867 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2021Equol is a soy isoflavone metabolite that can be produced by intestinal bacteria. It is lipophilic and resembles natural oestrogens with an affinity to oestrogen...
Equol is a soy isoflavone metabolite that can be produced by intestinal bacteria. It is lipophilic and resembles natural oestrogens with an affinity to oestrogen receptors. This review is focused on how equol affects breast cancer, as evidenced by in vivo and in vitro studies. Equol is considered chemoprotective in specific endocrine-related pathologies, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and menopausal symptoms. In humans, not everyone can produce equol from gut metabolism. It is postulated that equol producers benefit more than non-equol producers for all the endocrine-related effects. Equol exists in two enantiomers of -equol and -equol. Earlier studies, however, did not specify which enantiomer was being used. This review considers equol's type and concentration variations, pathways affected, and its outcome in in vivo and in vitro studies.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinogenesis; Cell Line, Tumor; Equol; Female; Humans; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Mice; Rats
PubMed: 33669783
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041105 -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2020Use of thermoplastic material in orthodontics, either as aligner or as retainer appliances, is common practice and is likely to increase in the years to come. However,... (Review)
Review
Safety Considerations for Thermoplastic-Type Appliances Used as Orthodontic Aligners or Retainers. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical and In-Vitro Research.
Use of thermoplastic material in orthodontics, either as aligner or as retainer appliances, is common practice and is likely to increase in the years to come. However, no systematic assessment on safety considerations of these adjuncts has been implemented up to date. The aim of this systematic review was to collectively appraise the existing evidence from both clinical and laboratory studies, on whether these appliances are associated with any estrogenic/cytotoxic effects or bisphenol-A (BPA) and monomer leaching. Eight electronic databases were searched with no limits in December 22, 2019, for published and unpublished research. Eligibility criteria comprised of studies of any design, describing use of any type of thermoplastic aligner. Study selection, data extraction and risk of bias (RoB) assessment was done independently, either in duplicate or confirmed by a second reviewer. Random effects meta-analyses of weighted mean differences (WMD) with associated 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) were planned. Quality of the evidence was evaluated with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). A total of 58 articles were initially identified, while 5 were included in qualitative synthesis and 2 of those contributed to the quantitative syntheses. Four studies were in-vitro, while one was a randomized controlled trial; all assessed some type of orthodontic aligner or retainer, either as-received or retrieved. Risk of bias recordings ranged between unclear and high for all studies. Proliferation induction capacity of thermoplastic appliances' eluents on MCF-7 cells failed to be confirmed compared to beta-estradiol (2 studies: 5% /, WMD: -182.08; 95% CI: -198.83, -165.33; -value < 0.001; and 20% /, WMD: -184.53; 95% CI: -206.17, -162.88; -value < 0.001). No cytotoxic activity was detected as well. In addition, although evidence from in-vitro studies was indicative of no traceable detection of BPA or other monomers, the findings from a single clinical trial were allied to increased levels of BPA in whole stimulated saliva, after up to 30 days of thermoplastic retainer usage, compared to standard Hawley retainer. The quality of the evidence overall was low to medium. Current data from in-vitro research are indicative of an absence of an estrogenic or cytotoxic effect of thermoplastic aligners or retainers. Regarding BPA or monomer release, evidence from clinical and laboratory studies appear inconsistent.
PubMed: 32295303
DOI: 10.3390/ma13081843 -
Bioscience Trends Jul 2017Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are common and generally harmless, but persistent infections can bring health problems like cancer and genital warts. For the... (Review)
Review
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are common and generally harmless, but persistent infections can bring health problems like cancer and genital warts. For the uninfected group, HPV vaccines provide safe and effective protection, but they're type-restricted and expensive. For those infected, so far there have been a handful of treatments for HPV-associated benign or malignant diseases, traditional Chinese medicine being one of them. This systematic review focuses on the application of traditional Chinese medicine in HPV infection and related diseases on the basis of clinical findings. Moreover it covers compositions and mechanisms based on in vitro laboratory methods and animal models. Traditional Chinese medicine improves clinical index in the treatment of cervical cancer and genital warts; the mechanisms behind the effectiveness might be the regulation of cell apoptosis, viral gene transcription and translation, cell signal transduction pathways, and immune function.
Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Condylomata Acuminata; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Female; HeLa Cells; Humans; MCF-7 Cells; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Mice; Papillomavirus Infections; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 28484110
DOI: 10.5582/bst.2017.01056 -
Breast Cancer Research : BCR Aug 2015Several studies have suggested that anti-diabetic insulin analogue treatment might increase cancer risk. The aim of this study was to review the postulated association... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Several studies have suggested that anti-diabetic insulin analogue treatment might increase cancer risk. The aim of this study was to review the postulated association between insulin and insulin analogue treatment and breast cancer development, and plausible mechanisms.
METHOD
A systematic literature search was performed on breast cell-line, animal and human studies using the key words 'insulin analogue' and 'breast neoplasia' in MEDLINE at PubMed, EMBASE, and ISI Web of Science databases. A quantitative and qualitative review was performed on the epidemiological data; due to a limited number of reported estimates, a meta-analysis was performed for glargine only. A comprehensive overview was composed for in vitro and animal studies. Protein and gene expression was analysed for the cell lines most frequently used in the included in vitro studies.
RESULTS
In total 16 in vitro, 5 animal, 2 in vivo human and 29 epidemiological papers were included. Insulin AspB10 showed mitogenic properties in vitro and in animal studies. Glargine was the only clinically available insulin analogue for which an increased proliferative potential was found in breast cancer cell lines. However, the pooled analysis of 13 epidemiological studies did not show evidence for an association between insulin glargine treatment and an increased breast cancer risk (HR 1.04; 95 % CI 0.91-1.17; p=0.49) versus no glargine in patients with diabetes mellitus. It has to be taken into account that the number of animal studies was limited, and epidemiological studies were underpowered and suffered from methodological limitations.
CONCLUSION
There is no compelling evidence that any clinically available insulin analogue (Aspart, Determir, Glargine, Glulisine or Lispro), nor human insulin increases breast cancer risk. Overall, the data suggests that insulin treatment is not involved in breast tumour initiation, but might induce breast tumour progression by up regulating mitogenic signalling pathways.
Topics: Animals; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin Glargine; MCF-7 Cells; Risk
PubMed: 26242987
DOI: 10.1186/s13058-015-0611-2 -
PloS One 2015Statins are commonly used against arteriosclerotic disease, but recent retrospective analyses have suggested that statins also prevent cancer. The aim of this systematic... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Statins are commonly used against arteriosclerotic disease, but recent retrospective analyses have suggested that statins also prevent cancer. The aim of this systematic review is to verify the vitro anti-tumor effects of statins on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
METHODS
Studies were gathered by searching Cochrane, MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, and PubMed, up until May 9, 2015, with no time or language restrictions. Only in vitro studies that discuss the effect of statins on head and neck carcinoma were selected.
RESULTS
Of 153 identified papers, 14 studies met the inclusion criteria. These studies demonstrated that statins had a significant effect on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines and influenced cell viability, cell cycle, cell death, and protein expression levels involved in pathways of carcinogenesis, which corroborates with the potential in vitro anti-tumor effects. It provides highlights about the biological mechanisms of statins used alone or associated with traditional therapy for cancer.
CONCLUSIONS
Though there are few studies on the topic, currently available evidence suggests that statins shows that preclinical experiments supports the potentiality of statin as an adjuvant agent in chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy approaches routinely used in the management of HNSCC and should undergo further clinical assessment.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cell Line, Tumor; HeLa Cells; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; MCF-7 Cells; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
PubMed: 26098683
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130476