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Journal of Clinical and Experimental... Apr 2024The aim of this review was to assess the evidence regarding the most commonly used chelating agents in terms of efficacy, erosive potential, cytotoxicity, interaction,... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The aim of this review was to assess the evidence regarding the most commonly used chelating agents in terms of efficacy, erosive potential, cytotoxicity, interaction, antimicrobial effect, impact on sealers adhesion, and release of growth factors.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
MEDLINE (PubMed) database, Cochrane Library and Scopus were searched up to January 14, 2023, including studies with one or more of the following chelating agents: 17% EDTA, 9% and 18% HEDP, 10% and 20% citric acid, 2%-2.25% peracetic acid and 7% maleic acid. In addition, the reference lists of all selected articles were also checked to identify additional relevant studies. Articles published in English and available in full-text were selected. The quality of studies was assessed using the modified CONSORT checklist guide and the Cochrane Collaboration tool.
RESULTS
The electronic search yielded 538 citations, 56 of which were included. The articles included had moderate and low evidence values. Among 56 articles included, 55 were in vitro studies and one was a randomized clinical trial. Among the in vitro studies, 15 evaluated efficacy and dentin erosion, 12 evaluated interaction with other endodontic irrigants, 9 tested antimicrobial effect, 4 evaluated cytotoxicity in hamster and rat lung cells, 9 evaluated intervention in adhesion of filling materials and 8 focused on release of growth factors and on behavior of stem cells in regenerative endodontic. The RCT tested antimicrobial effect.
CONCLUSIONS
17% EDTA is the most effective in smear layer removal and in releasing growth factors on regenerative endodontics. However, the current incorporation of 9% and 18% etidronic acid has shown optimal results due to its compatibility with sodium hypochlorite and its capability on avoiding smear layer formation through a continuous chelation action. Despite these preliminary findings, methodological standardization between studies is required and in vivo studies are necessary to confirm in vitro studies. Chelating Agents, Smear Layer, Systematic Review, Endodontics, Root Canal Irrigants.
PubMed: 38725809
DOI: 10.4317/jced.60989 -
Dental Materials : Official Publication... Jun 2024Nanotechnology is constantly advancing in dental science, progressing several features aimed at improving dental implants. An alternative for surface treatment of dental... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
OBJECTIVES
Nanotechnology is constantly advancing in dental science, progressing several features aimed at improving dental implants. An alternative for surface treatment of dental implants is electrochemical anodization, which may generate a nanotubular surface (TiO nanotubes) with antibacterial potential and osteoinductive features. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to elucidate the possible antibacterial properties of the surface in question compared to the untreated titanium surface.
SOURCES
For that purpose, was performed a systematic search on the bases PubMed, Lilacs, Embase, Web Of Science, Cinahl, and Cochrane Central, as well as, manual searches and gray literature.
STUDY SELECTION
The searches resulted in 742 articles, of which 156 followed for full-text reading. Then, 37 were included in the systematic review and 8 were included in meta-analysis.
RESULTS
Fifteen studies revealed significant antibacterial protection using TiO nanotube surfaces, while 15 studies found no statistical difference between control and nanotextured surfaces. Meta-analysis of in vitro studies demonstrated relevant bacterial reduction only for studies investigating Staphylococcus aureus in a period of 6 h. Meta-analysis of in vivo studies revealed three times lower bacterial adhesion and proliferation on TiO nanotube surfaces.
CONCLUSIONS
TiO nanotube topography as a surface for dental implants in preclinical research has demonstrated a positive relationship with antibacterial properties, nevertheless, factors such as anodization protocols, bacteria strains, and mono-culture methods should be taken into consideration, consequently, further studies are necessary to promote clinical translatability.
Topics: Titanium; Nanotubes; Dental Implants; Surface Properties; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Adhesion; Humans; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 38714394
DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.04.009 -
Journal of Applied Biomaterials &... 2024Despite the development of implant-supported prostheses, there are still patients for whom conservative treatments such as resin-bonded fixed dental prostheses (RBFDPs)... (Review)
Review
Despite the development of implant-supported prostheses, there are still patients for whom conservative treatments such as resin-bonded fixed dental prostheses (RBFDPs) are more appropriate. This study's objective was to analyze the available research on full-ceramic RBFDPs. In this study, Web of Science, MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were searched for articles published in English between 2010 and 2020. A total of 14 studies were reviewed based on the eligibility criteria. The results showed that using a cantilever design with one abutment had an advantage over two abutments. Additionally, it was proposed that preparations designed with retentive aids, such as a proximal box, groove, and pinhole, could improve RBFDP survival rates. IPS e.max ZirCAD, In-Ceram alumina, and zirconia CAD/CAM were the most commonly used framework materials. Most studies used air abrasion, salinization, or hydrofluoric acid for surface treatment. Adhesive resin cements were the most frequently used type of cement. The survival rate of In-Ceram ceramics (85.3%-94.8%) was lower than that of In-Ceram zirconia and IPS e.max ZirCAD. Debonding, followed by framework fracture, was the leading cause of failure. Following 3-10 years follow-up, the survival percentage of all-ceramic RBFDPs ranged from 76% to 100%. Although RBFDPs have demonstrated satisfactory success as a conservative treatment, long-term follow-ups and higher sample sizes in clinical research are required to gain more reliable outcomes on the clinical success rate of various RBFDP designs.
Topics: Humans; Ceramics; Resin Cements; Dental Porcelain; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; Denture, Partial, Fixed, Resin-Bonded; Zirconium
PubMed: 38706266
DOI: 10.1177/22808000241250118 -
Arthroscopy : the Journal of... Apr 2024To evaluate the current body of evidence surrounding the diagnosis, management, and clinical outcomes of adhesions that developed after hip arthroscopy (HA). (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
To evaluate the current body of evidence surrounding the diagnosis, management, and clinical outcomes of adhesions that developed after hip arthroscopy (HA).
METHODS
A systematic search of the MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) databases was designed and conducted in accordance with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines. Eligible studies included patients with confirmed adhesions after HA that reported one or more of the following: (1) diagnostic procedures and criteria used; (2) indications for and details surrounding surgical management; and (3) clinical outcomes after the operative management of adhesions (e.g., patient-reported outcome measures).
RESULTS
Nineteen studies involving a total of 4,145 patients (4,211 hips; 38% female sex) were included in this review. The quality of evidence was found to be fair for both comparative studies (mean, 17; range, 13-21) and noncomparative studies (mean, 10; range, 5-12) according to the Methodological Index for Non-randomized Studies (MINORS) instrument, with the level of evidence ranging from IIB to IV. Adhesions were often diagnosed intraoperatively at the time of revision surgery (10 of 19 studies, 53%), with only 3 studies specifying the criteria used to adjudicate adhesions. The most common indication for operative management (i.e., release or lysis of adhesions) was persistent pain (9 of 19, 47%), but this was often grossly stated for revision HA rather than being specific to adhesions. Patient-reported outcome measures were the most reported postoperative outcomes (9 of 19, 47%) and generally showed significant improvement from preoperative assessment across the short-term follow-up period (range, 24.5-38.1 months). There was a paucity of objective measures of clinical improvement (3 of 19, 16%) and of mid- and long-term follow-up (i.e., 5-7 years and ≥10 years, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
Despite the growing body of evidence suggesting that adhesions are highly contributory to revision HA, there is ambiguity in the diagnostic approach and indications for operative management of adhesions. Additionally, although the operative management of adhesions after HA has shown satisfactory clinical outcomes in the short term, there is a paucity of research elucidating the mid- to long-term outcomes, as well as minimal use of objective assessment of clinical improvement (e.g., biomechanics).
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level IV, systematic review of Level II to IV studies.
PubMed: 38697325
DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2024.04.008 -
Cancers Apr 2024The Mayo Adhesive Probability (MAP) score is a radiographic scoring system that predicts the presence of adherent perinephric fat (APF) during partial nephrectomies... (Review)
Review
The Mayo Adhesive Probability (MAP) score is a radiographic scoring system that predicts the presence of adherent perinephric fat (APF) during partial nephrectomies (PNs). The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize the current literature on the application of the MAP score for predicting intraoperative difficulties related to APF and complications in laparoscopic PNs. Three databases, PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane, were screened, from inception to 29 October 2023, taking into consideration the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Guidelines. All the inclusion criteria were met by eight studies. The total operative time was around two hours in most studies, while the warm ischemia time was <30 min in all studies and <20 min in four studies. Positive surgical margins, conversion and transfusion rates ranged from 0% to 6.3%, from 0% to 5.0% and from 0.7% to 7.5%, respectively. Finally, the majority of the complications were classified as Grade I-II, according to the Clavien-Dindo Classification System. The MAP score is a useful tool for predicting not only the presence of APF during laparoscopic PNs but also various intraoperative and postoperative characteristics. It was found to be significantly associated with an increased operative time, estimated blood loss and intraoperative and postoperative complication rates.
PubMed: 38672537
DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081455 -
BMC Surgery Apr 2024Various studies have focused on the application of fibrin sealants (FS) in thyroid surgery. Utilizing a meta-analysis, this systematic review analyzed the findings of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Various studies have focused on the application of fibrin sealants (FS) in thyroid surgery. Utilizing a meta-analysis, this systematic review analyzed the findings of recent randomized controlled trials on the safety and efficacy of FS in patients who underwent thyroidectomy. The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, and Medline databases were searched for relevant studies, without any language restrictions. Seven randomized controlled trials were included in the originally identified 69 studies. Overall, 652 patients received FS during thyroid surgery; their outcomes were compared with those of conventionally treated patients. The primary outcomes were total volume of wound drainage, length of hospitalization, and operative time. Significant differences were observed in the total volume of wound drainage (mean deviation (MD): -29.75, 95% confidence interval (CI): -55.39 to -4.11, P = 0.02), length of hospitalization (MD: -0.84, 95% CI: -1.02 to -0.66, P < 0.00001), and surgery duration (MD: -7.60, 95% CI: -14.75 to -0.45, P = 0.04). Secondary outcomes were seroma and hypoparathyroidism development. The risk of hypoparathyroidism did not differ between the FS and conventional groups (I = 0%, relative risk = 1.31, P = 0.38). Analysis of "seroma formation that required invasive treatment" indicated that FS showed some benefit (I = 8%, relative risk 0.44, P = 0.15). Heterogeneity among the different trials limited their conclusions. The meta-analysis showed that although FS use did not significantly reduce seroma or hypoparathyroidism incidence in patients after thyroidectomy, it significantly reduced the total drainage volume, length of hospitalization, and duration of surgery.
Topics: Humans; Thyroidectomy; Fibrin Tissue Adhesive; Treatment Outcome; Postoperative Complications; Length of Stay; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Operative Time; Tissue Adhesives
PubMed: 38658932
DOI: 10.1186/s12893-024-02414-2 -
Journal of Nanobiotechnology Apr 2024Rare earth nanomaterials (RE NMs), which are based on rare earth elements, have emerged as remarkable biomaterials for use in bone regeneration. The effects of RE NMs on... (Review)
Review
Rare earth nanomaterials (RE NMs), which are based on rare earth elements, have emerged as remarkable biomaterials for use in bone regeneration. The effects of RE NMs on osteogenesis, such as promoting the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, have been investigated. However, the contributions of the properties of RE NMs to bone regeneration and their interactions with various cell types during osteogenesis have not been reviewed. Here, we review the crucial roles of the physicochemical and biological properties of RE NMs and focus on their osteogenic mechanisms. RE NMs directly promote the proliferation, adhesion, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. They also increase collagen secretion and mineralization to accelerate osteogenesis. Furthermore, RE NMs inhibit osteoclast formation and regulate the immune environment by modulating macrophages and promote angiogenesis by inducing hypoxia in endothelial cells. These effects create a microenvironment that is conducive to bone formation. This review will help researchers overcome current limitations to take full advantage of the osteogenic benefits of RE NMs and will suggest a potential approach for further osteogenesis research.
Topics: Osteogenesis; Endothelial Cells; Bone Regeneration; Osteoclasts; Nanostructures; Cell Differentiation
PubMed: 38627717
DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02442-3 -
Aesthetic Surgery Journal. Open Forum 2024Seroma formation is the most common complication of abdominoplasties. Many preventive interventions have been proposed, but none have been recognized as a definitive...
BACKGROUND
Seroma formation is the most common complication of abdominoplasties. Many preventive interventions have been proposed, but none have been recognized as a definitive solution, partly due to varying levels of evidence (LOE) in the literature.
OBJECTIVES
We aimed to analyze seroma prevention methods supported by high-level evidence.
METHODS
The PubMed database was queried through August 2023. Primary articles of interest included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), prospective comparative studies, and meta-analyses of these studies. The LOE for each article was determined according to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons Rating Scale. The "seroma occurrence ratio," or ratio of seroma events in the interventional group to respective control group, was calculated to compare incidence rates between techniques.
RESULTS
Twenty articles and 9 categories of techniques were analyzed. Study designs included 10 RCTs, 2 prospective cohort studies, 7 prospective comparative studies, and 1 retrospective randomized study. The use of progressive-tension and quilting sutures had the most data supporting a statistically significant reduction in seroma (occurrence ratio 0.306, < .001). Tissue adhesives and preservation of Scarpa's fascia were also well reinforced (0.375, < .01 and 0.229, < .011, respectively), while increasing the number of drains was not ( = .7576). Meta-analysis demonstrated that compared with 2 drains alone, alternative techniques were more effective at reducing seroma occurrence (pooled risk ratio 0.33, 95% CI, 0.11-0.99).
CONCLUSIONS
This review highlights multiple seroma prevention techniques for abdominoplasty investigated in recent high-quality literature. We suggest future randomized comparative studies of the various seroma prevention methods to fully ascertain their efficacy following abdominoplasty.
PubMed: 38585023
DOI: 10.1093/asjof/ojae016 -
BMJ Open Ophthalmology Apr 2024Pterygium is a common ocular surface disorder that requires surgical intervention for treatment. Conjunctival autografts are preferred over simple excision due to lower... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Modified sutureless and glue-free method versus conventional sutures for conjunctival autograft fixation in primary pterygium surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
Pterygium is a common ocular surface disorder that requires surgical intervention for treatment. Conjunctival autografts are preferred over simple excision due to lower recurrence rates. This systematic review and meta-analysis compared the modified sutureless glue-free (MSGF) method with conventional sutures (CS) for conjunctival autograft fixation in primary pterygium surgery.
METHODS
A comprehensive search was conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, Google Scholar and ClinicalTrials.gov for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing MSGF and CS conjunctival autografts. Outcome measures included operation time, recurrence and postoperative complications. Standardised mean difference (SMD) and risk ratio (RR) were used for continuous and dichotomous outcomes, respectively.
RESULTS
11 RCTs involving 833 participants were included. The analysis revealed that MSGF had a significantly shorter operation time compared with CS (SMD -3.704, 95% CI -5.122 to -2.287, p<0.001). CS was associated with a higher risk of foreign body sensation (RR 0.22, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.74, p=0.01). MSGF was associated with a higher risk of graft dehiscence (RR 9.01, 95% CI 2.74 to 29.68, p=0.000) and graft retraction (RR 2.37, 95% CI 1.17 to 4.77, p=0.02). No significant differences were found in recurrence, graft haemorrhage, granuloma, Dellen and conjunctival oedema.
CONCLUSION
Using the MSGF technique in conjunctival autograft fixation for pterygium surgery reduces operation time by relying solely on the patient's blood for fixation. However, it increases the risk of graft dehiscence and retraction. However, CS is linked to a higher likelihood of experiencing foreign body sensations. Understanding the learning curve and surgeon familiarity with novel techniques is crucial for optimising patient care and surgical outcomes, while individualised decision-making is necessary considering the advantages and disadvantages of each approach. Further research is warranted to minimise complications and optimise surgical outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Pterygium; Autografts; Fibrin Tissue Adhesive; Recurrence; Conjunctiva; Sutures; Foreign Bodies
PubMed: 38565231
DOI: 10.1136/bmjophth-2023-001621 -
International Journal of Clinical... Jan 2024The present review was conducted to test whether the addition of titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles (NPs) within orthodontic bracket adhesives would alter their... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The present review was conducted to test whether the addition of titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles (NPs) within orthodontic bracket adhesives would alter their properties and assess their antimicrobial activity against cariogenic microorganisms in addition to noteworthy mechanical properties.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Using predetermined inclusion criteria, an electronic search was conducted using Dissertations and Thesis Global, the Web of Science, Cochrane, Scopus, and Medline/PubMed. Specific terms were utilized while searching the database.
RESULTS
Only seven of the 10 included studies assessed shear bond strength (SBS). The mean SBS among the control group varied from 9.43 ± 3.03 MPa to 34.4 ± 6.7 MPa in the included studies, while in the experimental group, it varied from 6.33 ± 1.51 MPa to 25.05 ± 0.5 MPa. Antibacterial activity was assessed in five of the 10 included studies using TiO NPs, which could easily diffuse through bacterial media to form the growth inhibition zone.
CONCLUSION
Antibacterial NPs added to orthodontic adhesives at a concentration of 1-5 wt% inhibit bacterial growth and have no effect on bond strength.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
D Tivanani MVD, Mulakala V, Keerthi VS. Antibacterial Properties and Shear Bond Strength of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Incorporated into an Orthodontic Adhesive: A Systematic Review. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(1):102-108.
PubMed: 38559855
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2729