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Frontiers in Oral Health 2023The present paper aims to systematically review the literature published from 2015 to 2023 on bruxism in children with the aim to compilate the best available evidence. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
The present paper aims to systematically review the literature published from 2015 to 2023 on bruxism in children with the aim to compilate the best available evidence.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic search in the National Library of Medicine's PubMed, Medline (EBSCO), SCOPUS, and Google Scholar databases was performed to identify all studies on humans assessing genetic, biopsychosocial, and sleep factors assessed with any different approach for sleep bruxism (SB) in children and its interventions. The selected articles were assessed independently by the two authors according to a structured reading of the article's format (PICO). The quality of the articles was evaluated using Quality Assessments Tool for Experimental Bruxism Studies (Qu-ATEBS) and the JBI critical appraisal tools.
RESULTS
A total of 16 articles were included for discussion in the review and grouped into questionnaire/parental-report ( = 7), SB assessment through parental report of SB and clinical examination ( = 4), and instrumental assessment ( = 5) studies. The total quality scores evaluated with STROBE and Qu-ATEBS were high for all included papers. However, in general, there was no control of bias strategies and there was no control group in the intervention studies.
CONCLUSIONS
Investigations based on self-report, clinical, and instrumental bruxism assessment showed a positive association with genetics, quality of life aspects (school and emotional functions and overuse of screen-time), mother anxiety and family conformation, diet, alteration in sleep behaviors and architecture, and sleep breathing disorders. Additionally, the literature presents options to increase airway patency and, thus, reduce the occurrence of SB. Tooth wear was not found to be a major sign of SB in children. However, methods of SB assessment are heterogeneous and hamper a reliable comparison of the results.
PubMed: 37252006
DOI: 10.3389/froh.2023.1166091 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Apr 2023: The aim of this study is to analyze the available scientific evidence regarding the quality of life (QoL) and sexual function (SF) in patients affected by cervical... (Review)
Review
: The aim of this study is to analyze the available scientific evidence regarding the quality of life (QoL) and sexual function (SF) in patients affected by cervical cancer (CC) after surgical and adjuvant treatments. : Preliminary research was conducted via electronic database (MEDLINE, PubMed and Cochrane Library) with the use of a combination of the following keywords: SF, QoL, and CC. The principal findings considered in the present review were the study design, the number of patients included in each study, the information about the malignancy (histology and stage of disease), the questionnaires administered, and the principal findings concerning SF and QoL. : All studies were published between 2003-2022. The studies selected consisted of one randomized control study, seven observational studies (three prospective series), and nine case control studies. The scores used were focused on SF, QOL, fatigue, and psychological aspects. All studies reported a decreased SF and QOL. The most developed questionnaires were the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS), and the Female Sexual Distress Scale (FSDS). : All studies reported a decreased SF and QOL. In addition to the perception of body image, several factors coexist in influencing the outcomes such as the physical, hormonal, psychological. : Sexual dysfunction after CC treatment has a multifactorial aetiology which negatively affects the quality of life. For these reasons, it is important to follow and support patients with a multidisciplinary team (doctors, nurses, psychologists, dieticians) before and after therapy. This type of tailored therapeutic approach should become a standard. Women should be informed about possible vaginal changes and menopausal symptoms after surgery and on the positive effects of psychological therapy.
Topics: Humans; Female; Quality of Life; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Sexual Behavior; Surveys and Questionnaires; Fatigue
PubMed: 37109662
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59040704 -
Health Science Reports Apr 2023Yoga is well-thought-out as an all-inclusive approach globally and can be administered in clinical care as an integrative or alternate approach to regular treatment....
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Yoga is well-thought-out as an all-inclusive approach globally and can be administered in clinical care as an integrative or alternate approach to regular treatment. Yoga exercise has been disclosed to influence remission from cancer cells over a long period of time and also reverses epigenetic alterations. Applications of Yoga in the management of oral oncology patients are scarce, hence the need for a scoping review of the literature. Hence, this study aimed to conduct a scoping review of the existing empirical evidence on the applications of yoga in oral oncology.
METHODS
The review methodology was informed by Joanna Brigg's Institute guidelines for systematic scoping reviews, and the review was reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Ten databases were searched. The records of all the literature retrieved from the search were imported into the Rayyan software for deduplication. After the full-text screening, only two were found eligible for inclusion in the scoping review. Data obtained in the included literature were extracted and synthesized.
RESULTS
This review found that Yoga was not significantly effective in the management of stress among oral cancer patients (-values > 0.04). However, it was found that Yoga significantly reduced anxiety, saliva stickiness, and episodes of falling ill (-values < 0.05) while it improved mental well-being, cognitive functioning, emotional functioning, and head and neck pain of those oral cancer patients that received it (-values < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
An integrative care approach that considers nonpharmaceutical techniques such as yoga could help to reduce care cost while improving care outcomes and quality of life of oral cancer patients. Hence, it is imperative to consider yoga along with its potential benefits, and we recommend gradual incorporation of yoga into oral cancer care.
PubMed: 37064316
DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1208 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Apr 2023Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a series of disorders that affect the muscles and joint. Symptoms include joint pain, muscle pain, and limitation of mouth... (Review)
Review
Correlation between Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) and Posture Evaluated trough the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD): A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.
Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a series of disorders that affect the muscles and joint. Symptoms include joint pain, muscle pain, and limitation of mouth opening. One of several multifactorial diseases, temporomandibular dysfunction has mostly been linked to five etiological factors: occlusion, trauma, severe pain stimuli, parafunctional activities, and psychological elements, including stress, anxiety, and depression. The position of the human body as it is displayed in space is referred to as posture. Several nerve pathways regulate posture, and through ligaments, TMD and posture affect each other. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the possible correlation between posture and TMD through a meta-analysis of the literature; Methods: A literature search was performed on PubMed, Lilacs, and Web of science, and articles published from 2000 to 31 December 2022 were considered, according to the keywords entered. The term "temporomandibular disorders" has been combined with "posture", using the Boolean connector AND; Results: At the end of the research, 896 studies were identified from the search conducted on the 3 engines. Only three were chosen to draw up the present systematic study summarizing the article's main findings. The meta-analysis showed through forest plot analysis a correlation between posture and TMD Conclusions: This literature meta-analysis showed a correlation between posture and TMD. Nerve pathways probably regulate both body posture and mandibular posture. Further clinical studies will be needed to confirm this hypothesis and to indicate the main conclusions or interpretations.
PubMed: 37048735
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072652 -
European Endodontic Journal Mar 2023To answer the question: 'Does the pharmacological management of dental anxiety influence pain occurrence during root canal treatment?'
OBJECTIVE
To answer the question: 'Does the pharmacological management of dental anxiety influence pain occurrence during root canal treatment?'
METHODS
Searches on MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE and Open Grey were conducted until September 02, 2022. Only randomised clinical trials were included. The Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) was used. The overall quality of evidence was assessed through the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool.
RESULTS
Initial screening resulted in 811 studies. Three hundred seventy-three were excluded for being duplicates. Of 438 eligible papers, ten studies met the inclusion criteria and were selected for full-text reading. Four studies were included in the final analysis. Three studies had a low risk of bias, and one was a high risk. GRADE demonstrated a low quality of evidence.
CONCLUSION
There is insufficient evidence to determine whether the pharmacological control of anxiety can influence intraoperative pain occurrence. (EEJ-2022-08-096).
Topics: Humans; Dental Pulp Cavity; Pain; Root Canal Therapy; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders
PubMed: 37010201
DOI: 10.14744/eej.2022.83097 -
Brain Sciences Mar 2023The coronavirus belongs to the family of Coronaviridae, which are not branched single-stranded RNA viruses. COVID-19 creates respiratory problems and infections ranging... (Review)
Review
The coronavirus belongs to the family of Coronaviridae, which are not branched single-stranded RNA viruses. COVID-19 creates respiratory problems and infections ranging from mild to severe. The virus features mechanisms that serve to delay the cellular immune response. The host's response is responsible for the pathological process that leads to tissue destruction. Temporomandibular disorders are manifested by painful jaw musculature and jaw joint areas, clicks, or creaks when opening or closing the mouth. All these symptoms can be disabling and occur during chewing and when the patient yawns or even speaks. The pandemic situation has exacerbated anxieties and amplified the vulnerability of individuals. Therefore, from this mechanism, how the COVID-19 pandemic may have increased the incidence of temporomandibular disorders is perceived. The purpose of this review is to evaluate whether COVID-19-related anxiety has caused an increase in temporomandibular dysfunction symptoms in adults to children. PubMed, Web of Science, Lilacs, and Scopus were systematically searched, until 30 July 2022, to identify studies presenting: the connection between COVID-19 with temporomandibular disorders. From 198 papers, 4 studies were included. Literature studies have shown that the state of uncertainty and anxiety has led to an increase in the incidence of this type of disorder, although not all studies agree. Seventy-three studies were identified after viewing all four search engines; at the end of the screening phase, only four were considered that met the PECO, the planned inclusion, and the exclusion criteria. All studies showed a statistically significant correlation between temporomandibular disorders and COVID-19 with a < 0.05. All studies agreed that there is an association between COVID-19 and increased incidence of temporomandibular disorders.
PubMed: 36979291
DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13030481 -
The Japanese Dental Science Review Dec 2023Acute dental pain is a common issue leading to dental consultation. Besides causal therapy, patients are treated with acupuncture, but efficacy in acute dental pain is... (Review)
Review
Acute dental pain is a common issue leading to dental consultation. Besides causal therapy, patients are treated with acupuncture, but efficacy in acute dental pain is still not clarified. We aimed to evaluate results of recent research to estimate the efficacy of acupuncture compared to pain-relieving approaches in treatment of acute dental pain. A systematic review of controlled trials being published between database inception and 2020 were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture (alone or as complementary therapy) compared to local anesthesia or conventional analgesic medications in acute dental pain (intraoperatively and postoperatively) and to clarify whether acupuncture reduces the use of postoperative analgesic medications. Of 1672 publications, 23 publications met the inclusion criteria. From these, 11 randomized controlled trials (n = 668) reported on the efficacy of acupuncture on postoperative acute dental pain. Patients, who received acupuncture, showed lower pain scores postoperatively compared to sham acupuncture (Relative Risk -0.77, 95% Confidence interval -1.52 to -0.03). Overall, the results suggest a potential role of acupuncture in improving acute dental pain intraoperatively and postoperatively as well as improving the efficacy of local anesthesia, but the results are limited due to methodological shortcomings emphasizing the necessity for future high-quality research.
PubMed: 36950225
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2023.02.005 -
PloS One 2023Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is prevalent among children and adolescents. Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) has been used as the first-line treatment. However,...
BACKGROUND
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is prevalent among children and adolescents. Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) has been used as the first-line treatment. However, evaluation of CBT conducted in a school setting has been scarce.
OBJECTIVES
This study aims to review the CBT and its effectiveness in the school setting for children and adolescents with SAD or social anxiety symptoms. Quality assessment on individual studies was conducted.
METHODS
Studies were identified through the search in PsycINFO, ERIC, PubMed and Medline targeting CBT conducted in a school setting with an aim to treat children and adolescents with SAD or social anxiety symptoms. Randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies were selected.
RESULTS
A total of 7 studies met the inclusion criteria. Five studies were randomised controlled trials, and two were quasi-experimental studies with 2558 participants aged 6-16 years from 138 primary schools and 20 secondary schools. There were minor effects to reduce social anxiety symptoms for children and adolescents at post-intervention in 86% of the selected studies. Friend for Life (FRIENDS), Super Skills for Life (SSL) and Skills for Academic and Social Success (SASS) conducted in school were more effective than the control conditions.
CONCLUSIONS
There is a lack of quality of the evidence for FRIENDS, SSL and SASS, due to inconsistencies on the outcome assessments, statistical analyses, and the fidelity measures adopted in individual studies. Insufficient school funding and workforce with relevant health background, and the low level of parental involvement in the intervention would be the major challenges in school-based CBT for children and adolescents with SAD or social anxiety symptoms.
Topics: Humans; Child; Adolescent; Anxiety Disorders; Phobia, Social; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Schools; Anxiety; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 36940221
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283329 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Jan 2023To evaluate the effectiveness of music therapy for dental anxiety disorders. In order to gather clinical randomized controlled trials comparing the effectiveness of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
To evaluate the effectiveness of music therapy for dental anxiety disorders. In order to gather clinical randomized controlled trials comparing the effectiveness of music interventions to traditional oral manipulation in patients with dental anxiety disorders, computer searches of the electronic databases of Wanfang, CNKI, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Cochrane library, Scopus, and CINAHL were conducted. The search period covered from 23 December 2022, through to the development of the database. The Cochrane Handbook was used to assess the quality of the included literature, and two researchers independently conducted the literature screening and data extraction. Stata 17.0 and RevMan 5.3 were used to conduct the meta-analysis. The preoperative baseline levels of the music intervention group were similar to those of the control group ( > 0.05), according to the meta-analysis, and music intervention significantly decreased heart rate (I = 81.2%, WMD (95% CI): -7.33 (-10.07, -4.58), < 0.0001), systolic blood pressure fluctuations (I = 85.6%, WMD (95% CI): -6.10(-9.25, 2.95), < 0.0001), diastolic blood pressure (I = 79.7%, WMD (95% CI): -4.29(-6.57, -2.02), < 0.0001) fluctuations, anxiety scores (I = 19.6%, WMD (95% CI): -9.04(-11.45, 6.63), < 0.0001), and pain scores (I = 32.7%, WMD (95% CI): -7.64(-9.43, -5.85), < 0.0001), as well as significantly lowered anxiety and pain levels and raised patients' cooperation rates (I = 0%, OR (95% CI): 3.03(1.24, 7.40), = 0.02). Music interventions are effective for dental anxiety disorders, but given the limitations of the study, more multicenter, large-sample, high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to further validate the findings and obtain more objective and reliable clinical evidence.
Topics: Humans; Music; Music Therapy; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Pain; Multicenter Studies as Topic
PubMed: 36837411
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020209 -
Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology Mar 2023the role of benzodiazepines in relieving dyspnea in patients with cancer has not yet been established. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
the role of benzodiazepines in relieving dyspnea in patients with cancer has not yet been established. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of benzodiazepines alone or in combination with opioids for dyspnea in patients with cancer.
METHODS
Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Ichushi-Web were searched for articles published from database inception to 23 September 2019. Studies of benzodiazepines alone or in combination with opioids for dyspnea were included. The primary outcome measure was the relief of dyspnea. The secondary outcome measures were anxiety, somnolence and severe adverse events.
RESULTS
of 505 publications initially identified, two trials and one trial were included in the meta-analysis of midazolam alone and in combination with morphine, respectively. With regard to the relief of dyspnea, midazolam alone showed no significant difference compared with morphine alone, with a relative risk of 0.95 (95% confidence interval: 0.47-1.89). Meanwhile, midazolam plus morphine was significantly more effective than morphine alone, with a relative risk of 1.33 (95% confidence interval: 1.02-1.75). For anxiety relief, a meta-analysis could not be performed because of insufficient data. The incidence of somnolence and severe adverse events was not significantly different between the experimental and control groups for either midazolam alone or in combination with morphine.
CONCLUSIONS
benzodiazepines alone do not significantly improve dyspnea compared with opioids alone, but a combination of benzodiazepines and opioids may be more effective. Evidence from randomized controlled trials focusing on patients with cancer has not been generated in recent years. Further appropriately designed randomized controlled trials are required.
Topics: Humans; Benzodiazepines; Midazolam; Sleepiness; Dyspnea; Neoplasms; Morphine; Analgesics, Opioid
PubMed: 36636762
DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyac206