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One Health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Dec 2022is an important foodborne intracellular pathogen. The pathogen is the primary cause of human Listeriosis. The main source of human Listeriosis is through consumption of... (Review)
Review
is an important foodborne intracellular pathogen. The pathogen is the primary cause of human Listeriosis. The main source of human Listeriosis is through consumption of contaminated food products. Other modes of transmission include zoonotic and vertical transmission. The disease often presents in a mild form, but severe and fatal cases, as well as outbreaks, may occur. Despite these challenges, there has been little attempt at enumerating the burden of the disease in countries of Southeast Asia (SEA) and some developing countries. Thus, this study investigated the prevalence of L. in SEA using one health approach through a systematic review and meta-analysis (SR&MA) of the existing literature. In accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, an a priori protocol for the SR&MA was developed and registered in PROSPERO (). A systematic search of four electronic databases was performed for relevant citations. The identified publications were screened, and 17 studies were included in the review from where data was extracted. The pooling of the prevalence estimate (with the 95% confidence interval [CI]) was done using the random effect model by employing the double transformed arcsine method using MetaXL software. The overall determined prevalence for L. in SEA (in food, animal, and environmental sources) was 16% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10-23). Further subgroup analysis revealed ready-to-eat food of vegetable origin with the highest prevalence of 21% (CI: 6-41). Also, seven virulence genes were identified to be prevalent in the subregion. The commonest identification method was found to be the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The knowledge of the high prevalence of L. in SEA is relevant for informed decision making by clinicians, public health practitioners, and policymakers. To achieve the goal of the effective control and prevention of the disease in the subregion.
PubMed: 36277096
DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2022.100417 -
The Canadian Journal of Infectious... 2022First-line drugs for the treatment of listeriosis are the same around the world, but particular conditions might reduce their efficacy, including antimicrobial...
First-line drugs for the treatment of listeriosis are the same around the world, but particular conditions might reduce their efficacy, including antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, this study aimed to verify, based on a systematic review and meta-analysis, whether the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in from animal foods is higher for first- or second-line antimicrobials. From the total of 302 identified studies, 16 met all the eligibility criteria from 2008 to 2021 and were included in this meta-analysis. They comprised a dataset of 1152 isolates, obtained from different animal food products, food processing environment, and live animals. The included studies were developed in South America ( = 5), Europe ( = 4), Asia ( = 3), Africa ( = 2), and North America ( = 2), testing a total of 35 different antimicrobials, 11 of them classified as first-line drugs. Complete lack of antimicrobial resistance across the studies (all isolates tested as susceptible) was only observed for linezolid, while widespread antimicrobial resistance (all isolates tested resistant) was described for amoxicillin, benzylpenicillin, cefoxitin, fusidic acid, imipenem, sulfamethoxazole, and vancomycin. Overall, the meta-analysis results indicated no evidence that antimicrobial resistance in isolated from animal-based food is higher for first-line antimicrobials compared to second-line compounds (=0.37). A greater volume of publication, together with better characterization of the isolates, is still needed for a more precise estimate of the real prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in .
PubMed: 36249588
DOI: 10.1155/2022/1351983 -
Iranian Journal of Public Health Feb 2022The contamination of food products by as a pathogen bacterium, threatening public health and raised a global concern for a long time. Dairy and meat products and... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The contamination of food products by as a pathogen bacterium, threatening public health and raised a global concern for a long time. Dairy and meat products and ready-to-eat foods are recognized as the most common carriers for
METHODS
The related reports of the prevalence of in dairy products in Middle East countries from 2009 to 2020 were screened through some of the international databases such as Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. While a random effect model was applied to estimate pooled or overall prevalence, 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were used.
RESULTS
Results showed severe heterogeneity (84.2%) in studies and estimated the overall prevalence of dairy food products from the Middle East region of 3.5% (CI: 2.2-5). The highest and lowest prevalence was associated with Jordan (17.6% CI: 9.8-26.9) and Iraq (1.6% CI: 0.3-3.7), respectively. Based on the type of product, the highest and lowest prevalence of was recognized for raw cow milk (5.8% CI: 2.7-9.7) and pasteurized cow milk (1.1% CI: 0-8), respectively.
CONCLUSION
There is no justification for severe heterogeneity (I) of subgroups as prevalence is heterogenic innately, but Jordan and row cow milk subgroups were found to have a considerable effect on overall pooled prevalence. Thus, they were the reason for prevalence changes.
PubMed: 35866108
DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v51i2.8682 -
Veterinary World Aug 2021in ready-to-eat (RTE) foods remains consistently under-reported globally. Nevertheless, several independent studies conducted to investigate have elucidated the...
BACKGROUND AND AIM
in ready-to-eat (RTE) foods remains consistently under-reported globally. Nevertheless, several independent studies conducted to investigate have elucidated the prevalence and antibiotic resistance profiles of in RTE-associated foods and their antibiotic resistance profiles. Given the rapid increase in consumption of RTE foods of both animal and plant origin, it is imperative to know the prevalence deductive data focusing on how much of is present in RTE foods, which is critical for food safety managers and retailers to assess the possible risk posed to end-users. In addition, valuable insight and another angle to the depth of the problem, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize available data regarding the prevalence of in RTE foods and antibiotic resistance profiles.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We conducted a meta-analysis study of and antibiotic resistance to clinically relevant antibiotics to determine the extent of contamination in RTE foods and antibiotic resistance profiles. The primary search terms, also known as keywords used, were restricted to peer-reviewed and review articles, and databases, including Google Scholars, Science-Direct, and Scopus, were searched. The inclusion of articles meeting eligibility criteria published between 2010 and 2020 after title, abstract, and full article screening. Data analysis was performed at multiple stages using quantitative meta-analysis reviews.
RESULTS
pooled proportion/prevalence was highest in chicken products determined at (22%) followed by various but uncategorized RTE foods at 21%. Regarding antibiotic resistance, profiling's highest pooled prevalence resistance was observed in penicillin at 80% resistance, followed by cephalosporin at 47%.
CONCLUSION
Within its limitations, this study has attempted to provide insight into the pooled proportion/prevalence of in RTE foods and the antibiotic resistance profile at the global level. Determining the proportion/prevalence of in RTE foods across the globe and antibiotic resistance profile is essential for providing quality food and reducing public health problems due to unsuccessful treatment of foodborne illness. This study provides insight into the pooled prevalence of L. monocytogenes in RTE foods and the antibiotic resistance profile. The results of this study partly endeavored to help appropriate authorities strengthen their preventive measures on specific RTE foods that are most likely to be contaminated with and antibiotic resistance profiles.
PubMed: 34566342
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2219-2229 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2021is an increasing food safety concern throughout the produce supply chain as it has been linked to produce associated outbreaks and recalls. To our knowledge, this is... (Review)
Review
is an increasing food safety concern throughout the produce supply chain as it has been linked to produce associated outbreaks and recalls. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic literature review to investigate species and prevalence, persistence, and diversity at each stage along the supply chain. This review identified 64 articles of 4863 candidate articles obtained from four Boolean search queries in six databases. Included studies examined naturally detected/isolated species and in fresh produce-related environments, and/or from past fresh produce associated outbreaks or from produce directly. species and were detected in each stage of the fresh produce supply chain. The greatest prevalence of species was observed in natural environments and outdoor production, with prevalence generally decreasing with each progression of the supply chain (e.g., packinghouse to distribution to retail). prevalence ranged from 61.1% to not detected (0.00%) across the entire supply chain for included studies. persistence and diversity were also investigated more in natural, production, and processing environments, compared to other supply chain environments (e.g., retail). Data gaps were identified for future produce safety research, for example, in the transportation and distribution center environment.
PubMed: 34202947
DOI: 10.3390/foods10061427 -
Journal of Food Protection Apr 2021Listeria monocytogenes was associated with more than 60 produce recalls, including tomato, cherry, broccoli, lemon, and lime, between 2017 and 2020. This study describes...
ABSTRACT
Listeria monocytogenes was associated with more than 60 produce recalls, including tomato, cherry, broccoli, lemon, and lime, between 2017 and 2020. This study describes the effects of temperature, time, and food substrate as factors influencing L. monocytogenes behavior on whole intact raw fruits and vegetables. Ten intact whole fruit and vegetable commodities were chosen based on data gaps identified in a systematic literature review. Produce investigated belong to major commodity families: Ericaceae (blackberry, raspberry, and blueberry), Rutaceae (lemon and mandarin orange), Roseaceae (sweet cherry), Solanaceae (tomato), Brassaceae (cauliflower and broccoli), and Apiaceae (carrot). A cocktail of five L. monocytogenes strains that included clinical, food, or environmental isolates linked to foodborne outbreaks was used to inoculate intact whole fruits and vegetables. Samples were incubated at 2, 12, 22, 30, and 35°C with relative humidities matched to typical real-world conditions. Foods were sampled (n = 6) for up to 28 days, depending on temperature. Growth and decline rates were estimated using DMFit, an Excel add-in. Growth rates were compared with ComBase modeling predictions for L. monocytogenes. Almost every experiment showed initial growth, followed by subsequent decline. L. monocytogenes was able to grow on the whole intact surface of all produce tested, except for carrot. The 10 produce commodities supported growth of L. monocytogenes at 22 and 35°C. Growth and survival at 2 and 12°C varied by produce commodity. The standard deviation of the square root growth and decline rates showed significantly larger variability in both growth and decline rates within replicates as temperature increased. When L. monocytogenes growth occurred, it was conservatively modeled by ComBase Predictor, and growth was generally followed by decreases in concentration. This research will assist in understanding the risks of foodborne disease outbreaks and recalls associated with L. monocytogenes on fresh whole produce.
Topics: Colony Count, Microbial; Food Handling; Food Microbiology; Fruit; Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Temperature; Vegetables
PubMed: 33232452
DOI: 10.4315/JFP-20-327 -
Journal of Food Protection Jan 2020may be present in produce-associated environments (e.g., fields, packing houses); thus, understanding its growth and survival on intact, whole produce is of critical...
may be present in produce-associated environments (e.g., fields, packing houses); thus, understanding its growth and survival on intact, whole produce is of critical importance. The goal of this study was to identify and characterize published data on the growth and/or survival of on intact fruit and vegetable surfaces. Relevant studies were identified by searching seven electronic databases: AGRICOLA, CAB Abstracts, Center for Produce Safety funded research project final reports, FST Abstracts, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science. Searches were conducted using the following terms: produce, growth, and survival. Search terms were also modified and "exploded" to find all related subheadings. Included studies had to be prospective, describe methodology (e.g., inoculation method), outline experimental parameters, and provide quantitative growth and/or survival data. Studies were not included if methods were unclear or inappropriate, or if produce was cut, processed, or otherwise treated. Of 3,459 identified citations, 88 were reviewed in full and 29 studies met the inclusion criteria. Included studies represented 21 commodities, with the majority of studies focusing on melons, leafy greens, berries, or sprouts. Synthesis of the reviewed studies suggests growth and survival on intact produce surfaces differ substantially by commodity. Parameters such as temperature and produce surface characteristics had a considerable effect on growth and survival dynamics. This review provides an inventory of the current data on growth and/or survival on intact produce surfaces. Identification of which intact produce commodities support growth and/or survival at various conditions observed along the supply chain will assist the industry in managing contamination risk.
Topics: Food Contamination; Food Handling; Food Microbiology; Fruit; Listeria monocytogenes; Prospective Studies; Temperature; Vegetables
PubMed: 31855613
DOI: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-19-283 -
Journal of Food Science and Technology Dec 2019The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance characteristics of species isolated from foods and food processing environments, animal and human...
The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance characteristics of species isolated from foods and food processing environments, animal and human specimens in Iran. A systematic review of the papers published in Persian and English languages up to 20th May 2019 and indexed in the Scientific Information Database, PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases using related keywords was conducted. Eligible articles were selected based on the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, followed by data extraction and meta-analysis using random-effects or fixed-effects models. A total of 27 articles were found reporting antibiotic resistance patterns of different species using disk diffusion method. Among species, resistance to commonly used antibiotics i.e. penicillin, ampicillin and gentamicin was as follows: 34.5%, 26.4%, 8.9% in isolates from foods and food processing environments, 47.1%, 29.5%, 9.2% in isolates from animal specimens and 56.8%, 29.5%, 32.4% in human strains, respectively. A high prevalence of strains resistant to penicillin, ampicillin and gentamicin was observed in Iran. Our findings suggested that trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, vancomycin and ciprofloxacin can be used as alternatives in the treatment of human listeriosis in Iran due to their low resistance rates.
PubMed: 31749464
DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-04040-w -
Journal of Food Protection Feb 2019Listeria monocytogenes is the cause of listeriosis, an important foodborne disease. Contaminated ready-to-eat foods are common sources of L. monocytogenes, yet no global... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Listeria monocytogenes is the cause of listeriosis, an important foodborne disease. Contaminated ready-to-eat foods are common sources of L. monocytogenes, yet no global estimates exist for prevalence and levels in high-risk ready-to-eat foods. Our objective was to estimate the prevalence and levels of L. monocytogenes in deli meat, soft cheese, and packaged salad. We searched Medline, Web of Science, Agricola, Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science, Science.gov, ScienceResearch.com , and OpenGREY for studies on L. monocytogenes prevalence and/or levels, with no restriction on publication date. We used a priori study selection, data extraction, and risk of biases processes. Results were synthesized with random-effects meta-analyses and meta-regressions to evaluate heterogeneity between studies. We included in the review 100 studies with a sample size restriction of ≥100, and we estimated L. monocytogenes prevalence in deli meat at 2.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3 to 3.6%), in soft cheese at 2.4% (95% CI, 1.6 to 3.6%), and in packaged salad at 2.0% (95% CI, 1.2 to 3.1%). High heterogeneity was present in all food groups, and meta-regressions did not reveal consistent explanations for heterogeneity. Pathogen level was not reported consistently or in the format required for synthesis, so meta-analyses of this variable were not performed. The high heterogeneity between studies indicates that use of global summary prevalence estimates for risk assessments are not advisable, but awareness of risk and the heterogeneity of the risk is relevant for education and further risk assessment.
Topics: Cheese; Food Contamination; Food Microbiology; Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Meat; Meat Products; Prevalence; Salads
PubMed: 30688537
DOI: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-18-158 -
International Journal of Infectious... Apr 2019The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review to better understand the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of listeriosis patients in mainland China.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review to better understand the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of listeriosis patients in mainland China.
METHODS
The six most widely used Chinese and English language databases were searched. The records of patients with listeriosis in mainland China reported during the years 2011-2017 were extracted. The clinical data of patients and information on clinical isolates of Listeria were collected and analyzed.
RESULTS
In total, 136 records were identified, reporting 562 patients with listeriosis. The number of patients was much higher than that reported in the previous decade. The 227 non-perinatal listeriosis patients included had a mortality rate of 23.78%. Of the 231 perinatal listeriosis patients, 32.68% resulted in abortion and/or newborn death. All listeriosis cases were reported as being sporadic. The listeriosis was traced to infection via a meat product in only three patients, while 33.12% were healthcare-associated infections.
CONCLUSIONS
The number of patients with listeriosis in mainland China may have been underestimated previously. Perinatal cases in mainland China account for a much higher proportion than is usually described. Considering the high number of listeriosis patients in China, a comprehensive monitoring system for Listeria is urgently needed.
Topics: China; Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis
PubMed: 30641204
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.01.007