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Medicine Apr 2024The imbalance between the generation and elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is defined as oxidative stress (OS). Elevated levels of OS are implicated in...
BACKGROUND
The imbalance between the generation and elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is defined as oxidative stress (OS). Elevated levels of OS are implicated in various diseases, especially in gynecological and reproductive disorders. The abundance of recent literature makes it challenging to assimilate all available information. This bibliometric analysis seeks to depict the research landscape of OS in gynecological and reproductive diseases and to identify future hotspots and trends.
METHODS
The Web of Science Core Collection served as the source for articles related to OS in gynecological and reproductive diseases. CtieSpace and VOSviewer software were utilized to analyzed countries/regions, institutions, journals, authors, and keywords of all eligible articles.
RESULTS
A total of 1423 articles were included. There was a gradual increase in the number of publications in this field. The USA maintained the highest number of publications, with 372 articles. Cleveland Clinic was the leading institution in terms of publication volume, contributing 67 articles. In total, 6925 authors were identified. Agarwal A as the most frequently co-cited author, received 812 citations across 43 publications. The predominant clusters included "placenta," "polycystic ovary syndrome," "male infertility," and "oocyte quality." Notably, "oocyte quality'" was identified as a current key research topic.
CONCLUSION
There was an uptrend in the number of articles addressing OS in gynecological and reproductive diseases. However, international collaboration and exchange were limited. The topic of male infertility had remained a consistent area of interest, and research on oocyte quality is poised to become a potential focal point in the future.
Topics: Humans; Female; Pregnancy; Male; Oxidative Stress; Reactive Oxygen Species; Bibliometrics; Ambulatory Care Facilities; Infertility, Male
PubMed: 38608064
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000037815 -
Clinical and Experimental Reproductive... Apr 2024Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder among reproductive-age women. As a leading cause of anovulatory infertility, it complicates...
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder among reproductive-age women. As a leading cause of anovulatory infertility, it complicates fertility treatments, including in vitro fertilization. The widely accepted 2003 Rotterdam diagnostic criteria for PCOS include sub-phenotypes based on variations in androgen excess, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovarian morphology. In this systematic review, we examined the impacts of inositol and vitamin D on fertility in PCOS. Adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines, we used relevant keywords to comprehensively search databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and MDPI. From an initial pool of 345 articles, 10 met the inclusion criteria. The articles suggest that vitamin D and inositol, particularly myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol, may represent therapeutic options for PCOS. Vitamin D influences ovarian follicular development, glucose regulation, and insulin sensitivity. When combined with metformin therapy, it is associated with improved menstrual regularity and ovulation. Inositol is crucial for cellular signaling, energy metabolism, glucose regulation, and fertility. This systematic review underscores the importance of investigating inositol and vitamin D within a PCOS management strategy, given the disorder's prevalence and impacts on fertility and metabolic health. Although these agents show promise, additional research could clarify their mechanisms of action and therapeutic benefits. This review emphasizes the need for exploration of effective treatments to improve the quality of life among individuals with PCOS. Inositol and vitamin D represent potential options, but more studies are required to elucidate their roles in the management of this condition.
PubMed: 38599886
DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2023.06485 -
Food & Nutrition Research 2024To evaluate how effective a low carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD) is for changing key physical measurements such as weight, waist circumference (WC), body mass index... (Review)
Review
Effects of ketogenic diet on weight loss parameters among obese or overweight patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trails.
AIM
To evaluate how effective a low carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD) is for changing key physical measurements such as weight, waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), and fat mass (FM) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who were obese or overweight.
METHODS
Several online databases, including PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science (WOS), were searched systematically to find relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up until June 2023. The Q-test and statistics were used to assess the level of heterogeneity among the included studies. The data were then combined using either a fixed or random effects model and presented as a weighted mean difference (WMD) along with a 95% confidence interval (CI).
RESULTS
Of the 682 citations, 11 RCTs were included. The pooled results showed a significant decrease in the WMD of weight levels [WMD = -9.13 kg; 95% CI, -11.88, -6.39, < 0.001; = 87.23%] following KD. Moreover, KD significantly reduced BMI levels [WMD = -2.93 kg/m; 95% CI, -3.65, -2.21, < 0.001; = 78.81%] compared to the controls. Patients with PCOS received KD demonstrated significant decrease in WC [WMD = -7.62 cm; 95% CI, -10.73, -4.50, < 0.001; = 89.17%] and FM [WMD = -5.32 kg; 95% CI, -7.29, -3.36, < 0.001; = 83.97%].
CONCLUSION
KD was associated with lower weight loss (WL) parameters, including weight, BMI, WC, and FM, in obese or overweight women with PCOS, highlighting the significance of physicians and nurses in taking care of the nutritional needs of overweight/obese patients with PCOS.
PubMed: 38571924
DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v68.9835 -
Parasites & Vectors Mar 2024In the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), new vector-control tools are needed to target mosquitoes that bite outside during the daytime and night-time to advance malaria...
Optimizing malaria vector control in the Greater Mekong Subregion: a systematic review and mathematical modelling study to identify desirable intervention characteristics.
BACKGROUND
In the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), new vector-control tools are needed to target mosquitoes that bite outside during the daytime and night-time to advance malaria elimination.
METHODS
We conducted systematic literature searches to generate a bionomic dataset of the main malaria vectors in the GMS, including human blood index (HBI), parity proportion, sac proportion (proportion with uncontracted ovary sacs, indicating the amount of time until they returned to host seeking after oviposition) and the resting period duration. We then performed global sensitivity analyses to assess the influence of bionomics and intervention characteristics on vectorial capacity.
RESULTS
Our review showed that Anopheles minimus, An. sinensis, An. maculatus and An. sundaicus display opportunistic blood-feeding behaviour, while An. dirus is more anthropophilic. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that environmental, climatic and sampling factors influence the proportion of parous mosquitoes, and resting duration varies seasonally. Sensitivity analysis highlighted HBI and parity proportion as the most influential bionomic parameters, followed by resting duration. Killing before feeding is always a desirable characteristic across all settings in the GMS. Disarming is also a desirable characteristic in settings with a low HBI. Repelling is only an effective strategy in settings with a low HBI and low parity proportion. Killing after feeding is only a desirable characteristic if the HBI and parity proportions in the setting are high.
CONCLUSIONS
Although in general adopting tools that kill before feeding would have the largest community-level effect on reducing outdoor transmission, other modes of action can be effective. Current tools in development which target outdoor biting mosquitoes should be implemented in different settings dependent on their characteristics.
Topics: Animals; Female; Humans; Malaria; Anopheles; Mosquito Vectors; Ecology; Feeding Behavior
PubMed: 38553759
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06234-4 -
BMC Endocrine Disorders Mar 2024Several interventional studies have evaluated the potential anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH)-reduction effect of metformin. However, the results are still contradictory. In... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Effect of metformin on anti-mullerian hormone levels in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis of randomized controlled trials with.
BACKGROUND
Several interventional studies have evaluated the potential anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH)-reduction effect of metformin. However, the results are still contradictory. In order to obtain a better viewpoint from them, this study aimed to comprehensively investigate the effects of metformin on AMH in the women with with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).
METHODS
Scopus, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Embase databases were searched using standard keywords to identify all controlled trials investigating the AMH levels following metformin administration. Pooled weighted mean difference and 95% confidence intervals were achieved by random-effects model analysis for the best estimation of outcomes.
RESULTS
Sixteen studies with 484 participants' were included in this article. The pooled findings showed that AMH levels in the single arm clinical trials were significantly reduced (pooled WMD of -3.06 ng/ml; 95% confidence interval [CI] -4.03 to -2.10; P < 0.001) after use of metformin. Furthermore, compared to the control group, in randomized clinical trials, a reduced significant effect on AMH levels was observed following use of metformin (pooled WMD of -3.47 ng/ml; 95% CI -7.14 to -0.19; P = 0.047). Furthermore, higher reduction in the AMH levels with a metformin dosage ≤ 1500 mg/day and duration of treatment ≤ 12 weeks when compared to higher dosages and duration of intervention, observed in this meta-analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, results this meta-analysis of clinical trials confirms the beneficial effect of the treatment with metformin in the reduction of the AMH levels in women.
Topics: Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Anti-Mullerian Hormone; Metformin; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Peptide Hormones; Regression Analysis
PubMed: 38549135
DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01570-z -
Cancers Mar 2024Malignant Brenner tumors are rare ovarian tumors, accounting for less than 1% of malignant ovarian neoplasms. The aim of this manuscript is to systematically review the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Malignant Brenner tumors are rare ovarian tumors, accounting for less than 1% of malignant ovarian neoplasms. The aim of this manuscript is to systematically review the current literature concerning malignant Brenner tumors.
METHODS
We searched three medical databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) for relevant articles published until 15 September 2023.
RESULTS
After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 48 manuscripts describing 115 cases were included in this study from the English literature.
CONCLUSIONS
We analyzed the demographic, clinical, pathological, and oncological characteristics of 115 patients with malignant Brenner tumors. The statistical analysis showed that recurrence was marginally statistically significantly related to tumor stage and was more common in patients with ascites and in women with abnormal CA-125 levels; patients that were treated with lymphadenectomy had better disease-specific survival.
PubMed: 38539441
DOI: 10.3390/cancers16061106 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2024The leading indicator for successful outcomes in fertilization (IVF) is the quality of gametes in oocytes and sperm. Thus, advanced research aims to highlight the... (Review)
Review
Unravelling the role of HAS2, GREM1, and PTGS2 gene expression in cumulus cells: implications for human oocyte development competency - a systematic review and integrated bioinformatic analysis.
The leading indicator for successful outcomes in fertilization (IVF) is the quality of gametes in oocytes and sperm. Thus, advanced research aims to highlight the parameter in assessing these qualities - DNA fragmentation in sperm and oocyte development capacity (ODC) via evaluation of microenvironments involving its maturation process. Regarding oocytes, most evidence reveals the role of cumulus cells as non-invasive methods in assessing their development competency, mainly via gene expression evaluation. Our review aims to consolidate the evidence of GDF-9 derivatives, the HAS2, GREM1, and PTGS2 gene expression in cumulus cells used as ODC markers in relevant publications and tailored to current IVF outcomes. In addition to that, we also added the bioinformatic analysis in our review to strengthen the evidence aiming for a better understanding of the pathways and cluster of the genes of interest - HAS2, GREM1, and PTGS2 in cumulus cell level. Otherwise, the current non-invasive method can be used in exploring various causes of infertility that may affect these gene expressions at the cumulus cell level. Nevertheless, this method can also be used in assessing the ODC in various cohorts of women or as an improvement of markers following targeted tools or procedures by evaluating the advancement of these gene expressions following the targeted intervention.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Cyclooxygenase 2; Cumulus Cells; Semen; Oocytes; Gene Expression; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Hyaluronan Synthases
PubMed: 38524634
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1274376 -
International Journal of Endocrinology 2024Metformin is commonly prescribed to treat polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients, but in some cases, it may not be effective even at high doses or may cause... (Review)
Review
Comparative Effectiveness of Antidiabetic Drugs as an Additional Therapy to Metformin in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Metabolic Approaches.
BACKGROUND
Metformin is commonly prescribed to treat polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients, but in some cases, it may not be effective even at high doses or may cause intolerable side effects. Therefore, recent studies have examined the impact of combining metformin with other antidiabetic medications.
METHODS
A systematic search was performed in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase up to 30 June 2023. All interventional studies that assessed the efficacy of different antidiabetic agents were included.
RESULTS
Among the 3488 records found in the primary search, 16 papers were included. Our study showed that dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) had the most significant impact on glycemic profile, while thiazolidinediones (TZDs) had the most influence on lipid levels. However, it was observed that patients taking only metformin experienced a greater increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RAs) effectively modified various anthropometric measurements, such as weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio. The effects of different antidiabetic drugs on hormone levels were inconclusive, although testosterone levels were more affected by GLP1RA, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), and TZDs. None of the combined therapies showed a significant change in blood pressure.
CONCLUSION
Since PCOS is a metabolic disorder, choosing the best combination of antidiabetic drugs in the clinical course of PCOS patients will be very important. Today, it seems that we need a new metabolic approach for better treatment of the metabolic aspects of these patients.
PubMed: 38500709
DOI: 10.1155/2024/9900213 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2024To evaluate the effects of behavioral intervention for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
The effects of behavioral intervention on anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical parameters in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effects of behavioral intervention for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
METHODS
Electronic databases were searched, including Pubmed, Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to 1 April 2023. Inclusion criteria for this study required a diagnosis of PCOS. Interventions of interest included behavioral intervention and routine treatment compared with routine treatment. The studies included in the analysis were designed as randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We conducted meta-analyses following the recommended guidelines. The data was analyzed using either the random effects model or fixed effects model. The results of the studies were expressed as either mean differences (MD) or standardized mean differences (SMD) along with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS
Eight RCTs were identified, including data from 744 patients (415 in the intervention group and 329 in the control group). The results indicate an improvement in the effectiveness of behavioral interventions for weight loss (MD: -1.07; 95% CI: -2.1 to 0.03; I = 0%; P=0.04), body mass index (BMI) (MD: -1.12; 95% CI: -1.92 to -0.33; I = 73%; P=0.006), waist circumference (MD: -3.97; 95% CI: -5.64 to -2.29; I = 0%; P<0.00001), quality of life about weight (MD: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.15 to 1.02; I = 0%; P=0.008), depression (SMD: -1.12; 95% CI: -2.35 to -0.07; I = 92%; P=0.04), and triglycerides (MD: -0.16; 95% CI: -0.27 to -0.05; I = 27%; P=0.004). However, there were no significant differences in menstrual cycles, hirsutism, emotions, and infertility. The study also found that behavioral interventions had no significant effect on systolic and diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, testosterone, total cholesterol, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, hemoglobin A1C, and sex hormone binding globulin.
CONCLUSION
Behavioral intervention supplementation contributes to weight loss, reduction in BMI and waist circumference, and improvement in depression among patients with PCOS. However, no significant improvement was observed in the biochemical index and quality of life. The long-term effects of behavioral intervention for PCOS remain unclear due to limitations in the quality of the studies involved and the short duration of treatment.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD42023442875.
Topics: Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Hirsutism; Insulin Resistance; Quality of Life; Weight Loss
PubMed: 38481448
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1297841 -
Women's Health (London, England) 2024Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common reproductive endocrine condition that affects women of fertile age and is characterized by three main features, including... (Review)
Review
Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common reproductive endocrine condition that affects women of fertile age and is characterized by three main features, including hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation, and polycystic ovaries. In addition, half of women with polycystic ovary syndrome have insulin resistance, and obesity or overweight, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia are the most common metabolic abnormalities affecting (30%) women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Weight loss is regarded as the first-line treatment as it can potentially improve polycystic ovary syndrome parameters (androgen levels, menstrual cyclicity, lipid and glucose metabolism). However, achieving and maintaining weight loss can be challenging, and pharmacological agents could be essential to achieve optimal glycemic control and improve the endocrine disturbance associated with polycystic ovary syndrome. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist has been demonstrated as monotherapy or in combination with metformin for managing obesity and insulin resistance associated with polycystic ovary syndrome. Yet, its effect on endocrine and metabolic parameters remains elusive, and further research is needed to close the gap. The aim is to evaluate the efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist monotherapy and/or a combined treatment between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist and metformin for improving anthropometric measurements, endocrine and metabolic parameters in lean and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. A systematic review of longitudinal cohort studies was conducted across databases including Ovid Medline, PubMed Central, and Cochrane Library between 2015 and 2022. Eligible studies included participants with polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosed according to the 2003 Rotterdam or the 1990 National Institutes of Health criteria. A total of eight studies including 486 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome were analyzed. The mean age was between 18 and 45 years with mean follow-up period between 12 and 32 weeks. In all these studies, results were comparable for the reduction in body mass index, waist circumference, fat mass, and visceral fat mass; however, it was more in combination therapy versus comparator. In conclusion, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists effectively reduce body weight and improve some of the endocrine and metabolic parameters of polycystic ovary syndrome. A combined treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist and metformin had significant effects on weight loss and favorable results on endocrine and metabolic parameters, yet further research is needed to discover the long-term safety of combined therapy in women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome and obesity or overweight.
Topics: Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists; Insulin Resistance; Longitudinal Studies; Metformin; Obesity; Overweight; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; United States; Weight Loss
PubMed: 38444070
DOI: 10.1177/17455057241234530