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International Wound Journal Feb 2024The primary objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to ascertain the prevalence of anxiety and identify associated risk factors among individuals who... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The primary objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to ascertain the prevalence of anxiety and identify associated risk factors among individuals who have suffered burn injuries. We conducted a thorough and systematic search across various international electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science, as well as Persian electronic databases like Iranmedex and the scientific information database (SID). Our search encompassed the period from the earliest available records up to 8 August 2023. We employed keywords derived from Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) such as "Prevalence", "Anxiety" and "Burns". In total, 2586 burn patients participated in 13 cross-sectional studies. The mean age of the participants was 32.88 (SD = 2.51). In a compilation of 13 studies, the documented overall occurrence rate of anxiety among burn patients stood at 16.1% (95% CI: 10.0% to 24.7%; I = 93.138%; p < 0.001). The outcomes of a meta-regression analysis, which examined the association between anxiety in burn patients and the year of publication, did not uncover any significant correlation (p = 0.442). Furthermore, there was a notable association between anxiety in burn patients and factors such as gender, TBSA affected, educational level and the types of burn injuries. Therefore, healthcare providers need to recognize the substantial prevalence of anxiety in burn patients as a fundamental consideration. This recognition should prompt a proactive approach toward early detection and timely intervention. Developing personalized intervention strategies tailored to each patient's unique risk factors and needs is paramount. These strategies may encompass a range of therapeutic options such as counselling, psychotherapy or consultations with mental health specialists.
Topics: Humans; Prevalence; Cross-Sectional Studies; Anxiety; Risk Factors; Burns
PubMed: 38353163
DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14705 -
BMC Pediatrics Feb 2024Delirium is a serious complication experienced by hospitalized children. Therefore, preventive management strategies are recommended for these patients. However,...
BACKGROUND
Delirium is a serious complication experienced by hospitalized children. Therefore, preventive management strategies are recommended for these patients. However, comprehensive analyses of delirium interventions in children remain insufficient. Specifically, this systematic review aimed to summarize non-pharmacological interventions for pediatric delirium, addressing the urgent need for a comprehensive understanding of effective strategies. We also explored frequently measured outcome variables to contribute evidence for future research on delirium outcomes in children.
METHODS
This systematic review searched articles from PubMed, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Excerpta Medica databases. The eligibility criteria were formed under the population, intervention, comparator, outcome, and study design framework. Studies were included if they involved (1) children aged under 18 years receiving hospital care, (2) non-pharmacological delirium interventions, (3) comparators involving no intervention or pharmacological delirium interventions, and (4) outcomes measuring the effectiveness of non-pharmacological delirium interventions. Only peer-reviewed articles published in English were included.
RESULTS
Overall, 16 studies were analyzed; of them, 9 assessed non-pharmacological interventions for emergence delirium and 7 assessed interventions for pediatric delirium. The intervention types were grouped as follows: educational (n = 5), multicomponent (n = 6), and technology-assisted (n = 5). Along with pediatric and emergence delirium, the most frequently measured outcome variables were pain, patient anxiety, parental anxiety, pediatric intensive care unit length of stay, agitation, analgesic consumption, and postoperative maladaptive behavior.
CONCLUSIONS
Non-pharmacological interventions for children are effective treatments without associated complications. However, determining the most effective non-pharmacological delirium intervention for hospitalized children based on current data remains challenging.
Topics: Humans; Child; Adolescent; Emergence Delirium; Delirium; Pain; Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; Child, Hospitalized
PubMed: 38347509
DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04595-4 -
Cureus Jan 2024Vitamin D deficiency is a globally recognized health concern, with particular prominence in specific geographies and demographics. Saudi Arabia, with its unique climatic... (Review)
Review
Vitamin D deficiency is a globally recognized health concern, with particular prominence in specific geographies and demographics. Saudi Arabia, with its unique climatic conditions and cultural practices, has been under scrutiny regarding the prevalence of this deficiency, especially among children and adolescents. This systematic review aimed to assess the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among children and adolescents in Saudi Arabia by compiling and analyzing various studies to offer a comprehensive view of the situation. The comprehensive web search encompassed a range of databases, including Google Scholar and PubMed, to gather studies published between 2012 and 2023. An analysis was conducted on seven studies, totaling 2,429 participants, with each study focusing on various aspects, regions, and cohorts within Saudi Arabia. These studies employed different methodologies, ranging from cross-sectional surveys to randomized clinical trials. The review unveiled an alarming prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the studied population. On average, around 81.1% of children and adolescents showcased inadequate vitamin D levels. Specific vulnerable groups, such as those with Type 1 diabetes mellitus or asthma, had pronounced deficiencies. Factors influencing these levels ranged from dietary habits, sun exposure, physical activity, and socioeconomic parameters. The compelling evidence from the studies underscores a consistent health issue among the pediatric population in Saudi Arabia that the overwhelming majority of Saudi children and adolescents lack adequate vitamin D. Addressing this widespread deficiency needs a multifaceted approach. Implementing policies that support vitamin D food fortification, encouraging routine screenings, and launching public awareness campaigns about safe sun exposure and diet can play a transformative role in this health crisis.
PubMed: 38344540
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.52040 -
JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques Feb 2024Neonatal Brachial plexus palsy is an injury during delivery that can lead to loss of motor function and limited range of motion in patients due to damage of nerves in...
BACKGROUND
Neonatal Brachial plexus palsy is an injury during delivery that can lead to loss of motor function and limited range of motion in patients due to damage of nerves in the brachial plexus. This scoping review aims to explore types of procedures performed and assess outcomes of forearm and elbow secondary surgery in pediatric patients.
METHODS
Searches of PubMed, Cochrane, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Sciences, and Scopus were completed to obtain studies describing surgical treatment of elbow and forearm in pediatric patients with neonatal Brachial plexus palsy. 865 abstracts and titles were screened by two independent reviewers resulting in 295 full text papers; after applying of inclusion and exclusion criteria 18 articles were included. The level of evidence of this study is level IV.
RESULTS
Ten main procedures were performed to regain function of the forearm and elbow in neonatal brachial plexus birth palsy patients. Procedures had different aims, with supination contracture (6) and elbow flexion restoration (5) being the most prevalent. The variance between preoperative and postoperative soft tissue and bony procedures outcomes decreased and showed improvement with respect to the aim of each procedure category. For soft tissue procedures, a statistically significant increase was found between preoperative and postoperative values for active elbow flexion, passive supination, and active supination. For bony procedures, there was a statistically significant decrease between preoperative and postoperative values of passive and active supination.
CONCLUSION
Overall, all procedures completed in the assessed articles of this study were successful in their aim. Bony procedures, specifically osteotomies, were found to have a wider range of results, whereas soft tissue procedures were found to be more consistent and reproducible with respect to their outcomes. Bony and soft tissue procedures were found vary in their aims and outcomes. This study indicates the need for further research to augment knowledge about indications and long-term benefits to each procedure.
PubMed: 38323202
DOI: 10.1016/j.xrrt.2023.10.003 -
Supportive Care in Cancer : Official... Jan 2024Oral health care for cancer patients is essential but often overlooked. Nurses play a critical role in assessing and managing oral health in this population. This... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Oral health care for cancer patients is essential but often overlooked. Nurses play a critical role in assessing and managing oral health in this population. This systematic review aims to examine nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding oral healthcare in cancer patients.
METHODS
A systematic review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. Qualitative and quantitative studies focused on nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practices in oral healthcare for cancer patients. Seven databases were searched for studies published between January 2000 and January 2023. The primary outcomes of interest were patient satisfaction, quality of life, and nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to oral healthcare.
RESULTS
The review identified gaps in nurses' knowledge and training in oral healthcare for cancer patients. Insufficient understanding of oral diagnoses, treatment protocols, and pediatric oral care was noted. Lack of knowledge and skills posed barriers to implementation. Some healthcare providers demonstrated low awareness of oral health recommendations, including the use of fluoridated toothpaste and the need for dental referrals. Referrals to dental services and regular oral assessments were infrequent. Attitudes towards oral healthcare varied, with providers feeling more comfortable in certain areas than others.
CONCLUSION
Enhancing nurses' knowledge, attitudes, and practices in oral healthcare for cancer patients is crucial. Targeted educational initiatives and interventions are needed to address these gaps. By improving nurses' understanding of oral complications and management approaches, patient outcomes and quality of life can be improved.
REGISTRATION
PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews, ID: CRD42022368053.
Topics: Child; Humans; Clinical Competence; Neoplasms; Oral Health; Quality of Life
PubMed: 38289506
DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08317-5 -
BMC Palliative Care Jan 2024Patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) could have palliative care (PC) needs because of unmet needs such as dyspnoea. This may lead to anxiety... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) could have palliative care (PC) needs because of unmet needs such as dyspnoea. This may lead to anxiety and may have an impact on patients' ability to perform daily activities of living. PC can be started when patients with COPD have unmet needs and can be provided alongside disease-modifying therapies. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) could be an important measure to manage dyspnoea in patients with COPD in need of PC. A scoping review was conducted to gain an overview of the existing research and to identify knowledge gaps. The aim of this scoping review was to systematically map published studies on the use of NIV in patients with COPD with PC needs, including the perspectives and experiences of patients, families, and healthcare professionals (HCPs).
METHODS
This review was conducted following the framework of Arksey and O'Malley. The reporting of the review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. The review protocol was published. AMED, CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, PEDro, and PsycInfo were searched from inception to November 14, 2022. The included studies had to report the perspectives and experiences of COPD patients, relatives, and HCPs regarding NIV in the care of patients with COPD with PC needs. In pairs, the authors independently assessed studies' eligibility and extracted data. The data were organised thematically. The results were discussed in a consultation exercise.
RESULTS
This review included 33 papers from 32 studies. Four thematic groupings were identified: preferences and attitudes towards the use of NIV; patient participation in the decision-making process of NIV treatment; conflicting results on the perceived benefits and burdens of treatment; and heterogenous clinical outcomes in experimental studies. Patients perceived NIV as a 'life buoy' to keep them alive. Many patients wanted to take part in the decision-making process regarding NIV treatment but expressed varying degrees of inclusion by HCPs in such decision-making. Conflicting findings were identified regarding the perceived benefits and burdens of NIV treatment. Diversity in heterogeneous clinical outcomes were reported in experimental studies.
CONCLUSIONS
There is a need for more studies designed to investigate the effectiveness of NIV as a palliative measure for patients with COPD with PC needs using comprehensive outcomes. It is especially important to gain more knowledge on the experiences of all stakeholders in the use of home-based NIV treatment to these patients.
Topics: Humans; Palliative Care; Noninvasive Ventilation; Respiration, Artificial; Dyspnea; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
PubMed: 38287312
DOI: 10.1186/s12904-024-01365-y -
Journal of Nutritional Science 2024Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most important diseases which controlling its related risk factors, such as metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers, is... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most important diseases which controlling its related risk factors, such as metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers, is necessary because of the increased mortality risk of that. The aim of our meta-analysis is to reveal the general effect of vitamin K supplementation on its related risk factors. Original databases were searched using standard keywords to identify all randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of vitamin K on CVD. Pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) were achieved by random-model effect analysis for the best estimation of outcomes. The statistical heterogeneity was determined using the Cochran's test and statistics. Seventeen studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled findings showed that vitamin K supplementation can reduce homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD: -0⋅24, 95 % CI: -0⋅49, -0⋅02, = 0⋅047) significantly compared to the placebo group. However, no significant effect was observed on other outcomes. Subgroup analysis showed a significant effect of vitamin K2 supplementation compared to vitamin K1 supplementation on HOMA-IR. However, no significant effect was observed on other variables. Also, subgroup analysis showed no potential effect of vitamin K supplementation on any outcome and omitting any articles did not affect the final results. We demonstrated that supplementation with vitamin K has no effect on anthropometrics indexes, CRP, glucose metabolism, and lipid profile factors except HOMA-IR.
Topics: Humans; Dietary Supplements; Vitamin K; Blood Glucose; Insulin Resistance; Cardiovascular Diseases
PubMed: 38282652
DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.106 -
Children (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2023A single congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) is a postural musculoskeletal deformity and is characterized by the shortening or stiffness of the sternocleidomastoid... (Review)
Review
A single congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) is a postural musculoskeletal deformity and is characterized by the shortening or stiffness of the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The reported incidence of CMT ranges from 0.2% to 2%. The objective is to evaluate the effect of physical therapy programs on CMT. For the search, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PEDro and Cochrane databases were used. Randomized controlled trials published between 2018 and 2023 have been included. This study follows the PRISMA 2020 statement and has been registered in the PROSPERO database. Finally, six studies were included. The cervical range of motion (ROM) in rotation was the most analyzed variable, followed by the ultrasound evaluation; one of the studies included the analysis of children's motor development with the Alberta scale. All research found benefits associated with soft tissue mobilization, passive stretching techniques and manual therapy of the cervical spine. In conclusion, it is possible to recommend manual therapy and passive stretching techniques for the treatment of CMT, with significant results on the cervical ROM.
PubMed: 38275429
DOI: 10.3390/children11010008 -
Nursing Open Jan 2024Transitional care as the journey between different caregivers in multiple healthcare centres is crucial for the provision of care to people with cancer, but it is often...
AIM
Transitional care as the journey between different caregivers in multiple healthcare centres is crucial for the provision of care to people with cancer, but it is often complex and poorly coordinated. This study aimed to analyse the concept of transitional care for people with cancer.
DESIGN
Rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis.
METHODS
A systematic literature search was conducted on the databases of PubMed (including MEDLINE), EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science to retrieve articles published between 2000 and 2022.
RESULTS
Twenty-nine eligible articles were selected and their findings were classified in terms of related concepts and alternative terms, antecedents, attributes and consequences. Attributes included three main categories, namely 'nurse-related attributes', 'organisation-related attributes' and 'patient-related attributes'. Antecedents of transitional care for people with cancer were categorized into two main categories: 'patient-related antecedents' and 'caregiver-related antecedents'. Consequences were categorized into 'psychological consequences' and 'objective consequences'.
Topics: Humans; Databases, Factual; Neoplasms; Transitional Care
PubMed: 38268301
DOI: 10.1002/nop2.2083 -
Nursing Open Jan 2024The aim of the study was to synthesize the evidence on the essential elements, nurses must address when they perform therapeutic education to patients and their... (Review)
Review
AIM
The aim of the study was to synthesize the evidence on the essential elements, nurses must address when they perform therapeutic education to patients and their caregivers to promote a safe paediatric hospital-to-home discharge.
DESIGN
A systematic review and narrative synthesis.
METHODS
The search strategy identifies studies published between 2016 and 2023. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklists. The protocol of this review was not registered. A search of three electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL and Web of Science) and a search in the reference lists of the included studies was conducted in February 2021 and June 2023.
RESULTS
Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The essential elements identified are grouped into the following topics: emergency management, physiological needs, medical device and medications management, long-term management and short-term management. Nurses have a critical role in ensuring patient safety and quality of care, and the nurses' competence makes the difference in the discharge's related outcomes. Our results can help the nursing profession implement comprehensive discharge projects. Our results support the improvement of nurse-led paediatric discharge programmes. Nurse managers can identify the grey areas of therapeutic education provided in their units and work for their improvement. Following the implementation of therapeutic education on these topics, measuring the discharge's related outcomes could be interesting. This study addresses the problem of managing a safe and efficient nurse-led discharge in a paediatric setting. It presents evidence on the essential elements to promote a safe paediatric discharge at home. These could impact nursing practice by using them to implement project and discharge pathways. We have adhered to relevant EQUATOR guidelines-PRISMA guidelines for reporting systematic review. No patients, service users, caregivers or public members were involved in this study due to its nature (systematic review).
Topics: Child; Humans; Checklist; Patient Discharge; Pediatric Nursing
PubMed: 38268292
DOI: 10.1002/nop2.2043