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Journal of Medical Internet Research Jun 2024Cancer has emerged as a considerable global health concern, contributing substantially to both morbidity and mortality. Recognizing the urgent need to enhance the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Cancer has emerged as a considerable global health concern, contributing substantially to both morbidity and mortality. Recognizing the urgent need to enhance the overall well-being and quality of life (QOL) of cancer patients, a growing number of researchers have started using online mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) in oncology. However, the effectiveness and optimal implementation methods of these interventions remain unknown.
OBJECTIVE
This study evaluates the effectiveness of online MBIs, encompassing both app- and website-based MBIs, for patients with cancer and provides insights into the potential implementation and sustainability of these interventions in real-world settings.
METHODS
Searches were conducted across 8 electronic databases, including the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, SinoMed, CINAHL Complete, Scopus, and PsycINFO, until December 30, 2022. Randomized controlled trials involving cancer patients aged ≥18 years and using app- and website-based MBIs compared to standard care were included. Nonrandomized studies, interventions targeting health professionals or caregivers, and studies lacking sufficient data were excluded. Two independent authors screened articles, extracted data using standardized forms, and assessed the risk of bias in the studies using the Cochrane Bias Risk Assessment Tool. Meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager (version 5.4; The Cochrane Collaboration) and the meta package in R (R Foundation for Statistical Computing). Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were used to determine the effects of interventions. The Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance framework was used to assess the potential implementation and sustainability of these interventions in real-world settings.
RESULTS
Among 4349 articles screened, 15 (0.34%) were included. The total population comprised 1613 participants, of which 870 (53.9%) were in the experimental conditions and 743 (46.1%) were in the control conditions. The results of the meta-analysis showed that compared with the control group, the QOL (SMD 0.37, 95% CI 0.18-0.57; P<.001), sleep (SMD -0.36, 95% CI -0.71 to -0.01; P=.04), anxiety (SMD -0.48, 95% CI -0.75 to -0.20; P<.001), depression (SMD -0.36, 95% CI -0.61 to -0.11; P=.005), distress (SMD -0.50, 95% CI -0.75 to -0.26; P<.001), and perceived stress (SMD -0.89, 95% CI -1.33 to -0.45; P=.003) of the app- and website-based MBIs group in patients with cancer was significantly alleviated after the intervention. However, no significant differences were found in the fear of cancer recurrence (SMD -0.30, 95% CI -1.04 to 0.44; P=.39) and posttraumatic growth (SMD 0.08, 95% CI -0.26 to 0.42; P=.66). Most interventions were multicomponent, website-based health self-management programs, widely used by international and multilingual patients with cancer.
CONCLUSIONS
App- and website-based MBIs show promise for improving mental health and QOL outcomes in patients with cancer, and further research is needed to optimize and customize these interventions for individual physical and mental symptoms.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
PROSPERO CRD42022382219; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=382219.
Topics: Humans; Mindfulness; Neoplasms; Quality of Life; Internet; Internet-Based Intervention; Female; Male; Adult
PubMed: 38917445
DOI: 10.2196/47704 -
Acta Dermato-venereologica Jun 2024Patients with rosacea commonly experience stigmatization, which induces stress and thereby exacerbates their symptoms. Given the strong effects of rosacea on... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Patients with rosacea commonly experience stigmatization, which induces stress and thereby exacerbates their symptoms. Given the strong effects of rosacea on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), addressing the physical and psychosocial aspects of rosacea is essential. To examine the effects of rosacea on HRQoL, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis involving real-world data. PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cross-sectional studies, and case series evaluating the HRQoL of patients with rosacea were included. HRQoL assessment tools such as the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and Rosacea-Specific Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (RosaQoL) were used. Data on 13,453 patients were retrieved from 52 eligible studies: 4 RCTs, 15 case series, and 33 cross-sectional studies. Compared with healthy controls, patients with rosacea had significantly lower DLQI scores (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.81 to -1.37). The DLQI scores after treatment were higher than those before treatment (SMD = -1.451, 95% CI = -1.091 to -1.810). The pooled estimates for the overall DLQI and RosaQoL scores were 8.61 and 3.06, respectively. In conclusion, patients with rosacea have lower HRQoL compared with healthy individuals, and treatment for rosacea improves their HRQoL.
Topics: Rosacea; Humans; Quality of Life; Female; Surveys and Questionnaires; Male; Adult; Middle Aged; Cost of Illness; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38916178
DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v104.40053 -
Frontiers in Nutrition 2024Excessive calorie intake poses a significant threat to female fertility, leading to hormonal imbalances and reproductive challenges. Overconsumption of unhealthy fats...
INTRODUCTION
Excessive calorie intake poses a significant threat to female fertility, leading to hormonal imbalances and reproductive challenges. Overconsumption of unhealthy fats exacerbates ovarian dysfunction, with an overproduction of reactive oxygen species causing oxidative stress, impairing ovarian follicle development and leading to irregular ovulation and premature ovarian failure. Interest in biological matrices with high antioxidant properties to combat diet-related oxidative stress has grown, as they contain various bioactive factors crucial for neutralizing free radicals potentially preventing female reproductive health. This systematic review evaluates the female reproductive impact of biological matrices in mitigating oxidative damages induced by over calory habits and, in particular, high fat diets.
METHODS
A comparative approach among mammalian models was utilized to interpret literature available data. This approach specifically investigates the antioxidant mechanisms of biological matrices on early and late ovarian folliculogenesis, under physiological and hormone-induced female reproductive cycle. Adhering to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, only English-language publications from peer-reviewed international indexes were considered.
RESULTS
The analysis of 121 publications meeting the inclusion criteria facilitated the identification of crucial components of biological matrices. These components, including carbocyclic sugars, phytonutrients, organosulfur compounds, and vitamins, were evaluated for their impact on ovarian follicle resilience, oocyte quality, and reproductive lifespan. The detrimental effects of oxidative stress on female fertility, particularly exacerbated by high saturated fat diets, are well-documented. studies across mammalian preclinical models have underscored the potential of antioxidants derived from biological matrices to mitigate diet-induced conditions. These antioxidants enhance steroidogenesis and ovarian follicle development, thereby improving oocyte quality. Additionally, discussions within these publications emphasized the clinical significance of these biological matrices, translating research findings into practical applications for female health.
CONCLUSION
Further research is essential to fully exploit the potential of these matrices in enhancing female reproduction and mitigating the effects of diets rich in fatty acids. This requires intensified studies and comprehensive collection of data before clinical trials. The promotion of ovarian resilience offers promising avenues for enhancing understanding and advancing female reproductive health world-wide.
PubMed: 38915855
DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1415455 -
Frontiers in Physiology 2024This systematic review investigates the interplay between oxytocin and exercise; in terms of analgesic, anti-inflammatory, pro-regenerative, and cardioprotective...
INTRODUCTION
This systematic review investigates the interplay between oxytocin and exercise; in terms of analgesic, anti-inflammatory, pro-regenerative, and cardioprotective effects. Furthermore, by analyzing measurement methods, we aim to improve measurement validity and reliability.
METHODS
Utilizing PRISMA, GRADE, and MECIR protocols, we examined five databases with a modified SPIDER search. Including studies on healthy participants, published within the last 20 years, based on keywords "oxytocin," "exercise" and "measurement," 690 studies were retrieved initially (455 unique records). After excluding studies of clinically identifiable diseases, and unpublished and reproduction-focused studies, 175 studies qualified for the narrative cross-thematic and structural analysis.
RESULTS
The analysis resulted in five categories showing the reciprocal impact of oxytocin and exercise: Exercise (50), Physiology (63), Environment (27), Social Context (65), and Stress (49). Exercise-induced oxytocin could promote tissue regeneration, with 32 studies showing its analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, while 14 studies discussed memory and cognition. Furthermore, empathy-associated rs53576 polymorphism might influence team sports performance. Since dietary habits and substance abuse can impact oxytocin secretion too, combining self-report tests and repeated salivary measurements may help achieve precision.
DISCUSSION
Oxytocin's effect on fear extinction and social cognition might generate strategies for mental training, and technical, and tactical development in sports. Exercise-induced oxytocin can affect the amount of stress experienced by athletes, and their response to it. However, oxytocin levels could depend on the type of sport in means of contact level, exercise intensity, and duration. The influence of oxytocin on athletes' performance and recovery could have been exploited due to its short half-life. Examining oxytocin's complex interactions with exercise paves the way for future research and application in sports science, psychology, and medical disciplines.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=512184, identifier CRD42024512184.
PubMed: 38915776
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1393497 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2024Although the investigation of mental health and wellbeing in education has shown an exponential increase on an international scale, attention has primarily been paid to...
Although the investigation of mental health and wellbeing in education has shown an exponential increase on an international scale, attention has primarily been paid to students, leaving the concept of teacher wellbeing comparatively overlooked. Extant literature offers numerous divergent descriptions, with some academics even avoiding an explicit definition of the term. Thus, there are limitations and inconsistencies in understanding teacher wellbeing as a unique construct. The aim of the current study was three-fold; (1) to assess the extent to which existing research reflects the multidimensional nature of the term teacher wellbeing, (2) to determine whether a holistic construct of teacher wellbeing could be justified, and (3) to evaluate the methodological quality of studies identified. A systematic review following the PRISMA statement was applied to peer-reviewed papers published between 2016 and 2021. Following the screening of 1,676 studies, this paper reports on findings drawn from a final sample of 61 articles conceptualizing teacher wellbeing. Studies were organized by their dominant discourses, namely negativity/ deficiency, positivity/ flourishing, and/or professionalism. Findings illustrate that teacher wellbeing was primarily conceptualized with a professionalism approach (with 18 of the identified studies taking solely this perspective). This is not completely consistent with the prior work that focused on stress and burnout (negativity/ deficiency approach) while exploring teachers' mental health and wellbeing. More importantly, there were only 6 studies that considered all three discourses together. This paper argues that important information is lost through neglecting alternative lenses, requiring further attention in order to address teacher wellbeing comprehensively. Such an endeavor is essential for shaping interventions and strategies aimed not only at enhancing teacher wellbeing but also at improving student outcomes and, ultimately, the overall quality of education. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021278549PROSPERO, CRD42021278549.
PubMed: 38915431
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1358424 -
Exposure to Mercury in the Air and Its Effect on Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD): A Systematic Review.Iranian Journal of Public Health May 2024We aimed to verify the exposure to mercury in the air and its effect on cardiovascular disorders. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
We aimed to verify the exposure to mercury in the air and its effect on cardiovascular disorders.
METHODS
The review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and national databases (such as SID) from 1995-2022.
RESULTS
Mercury exposure can cause many disorders in humans, including neurodevelopmental disorders in fetuses and children, adverse cardiovascular outcomes, hypertension, and diabetes. Mercury is a human neurotoxin, and in recent years its potentially harmful effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) have raised concerns, mainly due to mercury's role in reducing oxidative stress.
CONCLUSION
Possible mechanisms of mercury toxicity in CVD include mercury-selenium interaction, increased lipid peroxidation, and oxidative stress. In this article, we review studies that have investigated the relationship between mercury and CVD.
PubMed: 38912156
DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v53i5.15583 -
Iranian Journal of Public Health May 2024Burnout is an occupational syndrome, with a higher prevalence in professionals whose close involvement with other people is significant. There is a great diversity of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Burnout is an occupational syndrome, with a higher prevalence in professionals whose close involvement with other people is significant. There is a great diversity of professionals at risk of burnout, and therefore the implementation of intervention programs is relevant, as helping people to maintain their mental and emotional health enables them to become more meaningfully involved in their communities and become more effective and active global citizens. We aimed to review systematically the characteristics of interventions targeting burnout in health professionals.
METHODS
The search was conducted in three databases: Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed, following the PRISMA model, and 16 eligible articles were identified between 2012 and 2023.
RESULTS
Mindfulness showed great efficacy in preventing burnout, by reducing stress levels and promoting empathy. In addition, relaxation and breathing techniques, yoga, and music therapy showed to improve burnout and occupational stress levels. Balint groups have also helped slow the progression of burnout. Implications about the need for future research to foster the promotion of well-being and mental health of health professionals are mentioned.
CONCLUSION
Mindfulness, relaxation and breathing techniques, yoga, music therapy and balint groups proved to be effective in preventing burnout.
PubMed: 38912141
DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v53i5.15580 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2024To examine the scope of existing literature on the conceptualization, use, and outcomes associated with compassion in the care of youth with childhood-onset disabilities.
INTRODUCTION
To examine the scope of existing literature on the conceptualization, use, and outcomes associated with compassion in the care of youth with childhood-onset disabilities.
METHODS
A protocol was developed based on the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping review method. MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and EBSCOhost CINAHL, were searched.
RESULTS
Eight studies were selected for inclusion; four used quantitative methodology, and four used qualitative methods. Compassion was not defined or in any of the included studies. The concept of self-compassion was explicitly defined only for parents of youth with childhood-onset disabilities in three studies . The most reported outcome measure was self-compassion in parents of youth with childhood-onset disabilities. Self-compassion among parents was associated with greater quality of life and resiliency and lower stress, depression, shame and guilt.
DISCUSSION
There is limited evidence on the conceptualization, use, and outcomes associated with compassion among youth with childhood-onset disabilities. Self-compassion may be an effective internal coping process among parents of youth with childhood-onset disabilities. Further research is required to understand the meaning of compassion to youth with childhood-onset disabilities, their parents and caregivers.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/2GRB4.
PubMed: 38911955
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1365205 -
Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia... Jun 2024Oral lichen planus (OLP) is an inmuno-mediated mucocutaneous chronical inflammatory disease. Multiple predisposing factors are considered, such as autoimmune response,...
BACKGROUND
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is an inmuno-mediated mucocutaneous chronical inflammatory disease. Multiple predisposing factors are considered, such as autoimmune response, microorganisms, medications, dental materials, psychological stress, genetic predisposition or nutritional deficiencies. The deficiency of vitamin D has been related to various autoimmune diseases like OLP.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The electronic search was conducted in the MEDLINE (Pubmed), Scopus, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases. To assess any potential risk of bias, the authors critically appraised each study by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cohort and case-control studies. Pooled analyses were performed using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity of the studies was assessed by the I2 statistics. Forest Plots were performed to graphically represent the difference between vitamin D concentrations in the OLP compared to healthy group, with a 95% confidence interval.
RESULTS
After applying our inclusion and exclusion criteria, 7 articles were included in our review. The median concentration vitamin D in ng/ml found in serum for patients with OLP was of 26,6311,75ng/ml and for healthy patients was of 31,438,7ng/ml. Regarding the quantitative analysis, 7 studies were included. The difference in the concentration of vitamin D in healthy patients and patients with OLP statistically significant (Weighted Mean Difference (WMD): -6.20, 95% CI: -11.24 to -1.15, p=0.02 and I2 heterogeneity: 94%, p<0.00001).
CONCLUSIONS
The patients with OLP have statistically lower vitamin D levels than healthy patients.
PubMed: 38907640
DOI: 10.4317/medoral.26603 -
Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing :... Jun 2024Stress response is a common complication during extubation, mainly manifested by dramatic hemodynamic fluctuations. Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS)...
Effect of Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation on Extubation-Related Stress Response in Noncardiac Surgery Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
PURPOSE
Stress response is a common complication during extubation, mainly manifested by dramatic hemodynamic fluctuations. Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) is widely applied in the perioperative period. We performed this meta-analysis to evaluate whether the TEAS could relieve the stress response during extubation in noncardiac surgery patients.
DESIGN
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
METHODS
We searched six databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, CNKI, and Wan Fang) for relevant literature. A risk of bias assessment was executed based on the Cochrane Criteria. We applied RevMan5.4.1 software to analyze data. When the χ test did not show heterogeneity, we adopted the fixed-effect model. Otherwise, the random-effect model was used.
FINDINGS
ln total, 12 randomized controlled trials with 1,347 participants were enrolled in this meta-analysis. Meta-analysis showed the heart rate and mean arterial pressure of the intervention group were significantly lower than the control group at immediately, 5 minutes, and 10 minutes after extubation. The occurrence rate of emergency agitation (RR 0.39, 95% CI [0.26,0.60]) and postoperative delirium (RR 0.40, 95% CI [0.22, 0.72] were also lower in the TEAS group. The consumption of propofol (standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.47, 95% CI [-0.77, -0.18]) and remifentanil (SMD 1.49, 95% CI [-2.01, -0.96]) of the intervention group were also significantly reduced compared with the control group.
CONCLUSIONS
TEAS was beneficial for improving stress response during extubation, emergence agitation, postoperative delirium, and reduced the consumption of intraoperative propofol and remifentanil, but it was necessary to note the limitations of the current evidence.
PubMed: 38904602
DOI: 10.1016/j.jopan.2024.01.015