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Kidney360 May 2024
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dent Disease; Drosophila melanogaster; Humans
PubMed: 38814756
DOI: 10.34067/KID.0000000000000441 -
Scientific Reports May 2024This was the first longitudinal study to analyze dental clinic wastewater to estimate asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection trends in children. We monitored wastewater over...
This was the first longitudinal study to analyze dental clinic wastewater to estimate asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection trends in children. We monitored wastewater over a 14-month period, spanning three major COVID-19 waves driven by the Alpha, Delta, and Omicron variants. Each Saturday, wastewater was sampled at the Pediatric Dental Clinic of the only dental hospital in Japan's Saitama Prefecture. The relationship between the weekly number of cases in Saitama Prefecture among residents aged < 10 years (exposure) and wastewater SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection (outcome) was examined. The number of cases was significantly associated with wastewater SARS-CoV-2 RNA positivity (risk ratio, 5.36; 95% confidence interval, 1.72-16.67; Fisher's exact test, p = 0.0005). A sample from Week 8 of 2022 harbored the Omicron variant. Compared to sporadic individual testing, this approach allows continuous population-level surveillance, which is less affected by healthcare seeking and test availability. Since wastewater from pediatric dental clinics originates from the oral cavities of asymptomatic children, such testing can provide important information regarding asymptomatic COVID-19 in children, complementing clinical pediatric data.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Wastewater; Child; Dental Clinics; Child, Preschool; Japan; Female; Male; Longitudinal Studies; RNA, Viral; Infant
PubMed: 38806581
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63020-z -
Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational... 2024Speaking, chewing, and swallowing difficulties can result from Parkinson's disease (PD), which frequently affects the oro-pharyngeal muscles. The reduction in food and...
Speaking, chewing, and swallowing difficulties can result from Parkinson's disease (PD), which frequently affects the oro-pharyngeal muscles. The reduction in food and hydration intake that is unavoidable leads to a worsening of neurological symptoms. Patients with Parkinson's disease experience significant challenges when adjusting to wearing entire dentures. Each of these problems presents a considerable challenge for the doctor in terms of prosthodontic rehabilitation. This case study describes how a patient with Parkinson's disease was able to employ flexible removable partial dentures supported by implants to replace both their full and partial set of missing teeth. A well-made prosthesis will help the patient with their psychological, functional, and aesthetic impairments.
PubMed: 38798739
DOI: 10.2147/CCIDE.S462756 -
Clinical and Experimental Dental... Jun 2024The bone regeneration therapy is often used in patients with inadequate bone support for implants, particularly following tooth extractions. Xenografts derived from... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
The bone regeneration therapy is often used in patients with inadequate bone support for implants, particularly following tooth extractions. Xenografts derived from animal tissues are effective bone reconstructive options that resist resorption and pose a low risk of transmitting disease. Therefore, these implants may be a good option for enhancing and stabilizing maxillary sinuses. The purpose of this study was to compare two xenografts, BoneB® and InterOss®, for the reconstruction of rabbit calvaria defects.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
The study involved seven male New Zealand white rabbits. In the surgical procedure, 21 spots were created on both sides of the midline calvarium by creating three 8-millimeter defects. A control group was used, as well as two treatment groups utilizing BoneB® Grafts and InterOss® Grafts. After 3 months, the rabbits were euthanized, followed by pathological evaluation. Analysis of these samples focused on bone formation, xenograft remaining material, and inflammation levels, using Adobe Photoshop CS 8.0 and SPSS version 24.
RESULTS
With the application of BoneB® graft, bone formation ranged from 32% to 45%, with a mean of 37.80% (±5.63), and the remaining material ranged from 28% to 37%, with a mean of 32.60% (±3.65). Using InterOss® grafts, bone formation was 61% to 75%, the mean was 65.83% (±4.75), and the remaining material was 9% to 18%, with a mean of 13.17% (±3.06). The bone formation in the control group ranged from 10% to 25%, with a mean of 17.17% (±6.11). InterOss® had lower inflammation levels than other groups, but the difference was not statistically significant (p > .05).
CONCLUSION
InterOss® bone powder is the best option for maxillofacial surgery and bone reconstruction. This is due to more bone formation, less remaining material, and a lower inflammation level. Compared to the control group, BoneB® improves healing and bone quality, thus making it an alternative to InterOss®.
Topics: Animals; Rabbits; Bone Regeneration; Skull; Male; Bone Transplantation; Heterografts; Bone Substitutes; Osteogenesis
PubMed: 38798121
DOI: 10.1002/cre2.875 -
Clinical and Experimental Dental... Jun 2024This study aimed to evaluate the impact of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized from propolis on the formation of Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilms.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized from propolis on the formation of Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilms.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
AgNPs were synthesized from propolis, and their inhibitory effect on P. gingivalis biofilm formation was assessed. Different concentrations of AgNPs (0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5%) were tested to determine the dose-dependent antibacterial activity.
RESULTS
The results of this study indicated that AgNPs exhibited an inhibitory effect on P. gingivalis biofilm formation. The antibacterial activity of AgNPs was dose-dependent, with concentrations of 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5% showing effectiveness. Notably, the concentration of 0.5% demonstrated the most significant anti-biofilm formation activity.
CONCLUSION
The results of this study suggest that AgNPs synthesized from propolis have potential as an effective option for enhancing periodontal treatment outcomes. The inhibitory effect of AgNPs on P. gingivalis biofilm formation highlights their potential as alternative antimicrobial agents in the management of periodontal diseases.
Topics: Porphyromonas gingivalis; Biofilms; Silver; Metal Nanoparticles; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Green Chemistry Technology; Propolis; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans
PubMed: 38798089
DOI: 10.1002/cre2.887 -
Clinical and Experimental Dental... Jun 2024Calcifying nanoparticles (CNPs), referred to as nanobacteria (NB), are recognized to be associated with ectopic calcification. This study aims to isolate and culture...
OBJECTIVES
Calcifying nanoparticles (CNPs), referred to as nanobacteria (NB), are recognized to be associated with ectopic calcification. This study aims to isolate and culture CNPs from the dental plaque of patients with periodontal disease and investigate their possible role in unravelling the aetiology of periodontal disease.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Supragingival and subgingival plaques were sampled from 30 periodontitis patients for CNPs isolation and culture. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) content changes were tracked over time. Positive samples underwent thorough morphological identification via hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, Alizarin red S (ARS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The chemical composition of CNPs analysis involved calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) content determination, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
RESULTS
The subgingival plaque dental group exhibited a higher CNPs isolation rate at 36.67% (11/30) compared to the supragingival dental plaque group at 66.67% (20/30). ALP activity varied among the positive, negative and control groups. Morphological observation characterized the CNPs as round, oval, and ellipsoid particles with Ca deposits. Chemical analysis revealed the Ca/P ratio was 0.6753. Hydroxyl, methyl, carbonate, phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, and dihydrogen phosphate were detected by FTIR; the main chemical components detected by XRD were hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate.
CONCLUSION
CNPs were found in periodontitis-related dental plaque and exhibited the potential to develop calcified structures resembling dental calculus. However, the potential involvement of ALP in CNPs formation requires deeper exploration, as does the precise nature of its role and the interrelation with periodontitis demand a further comprehensive investigation.
Topics: Humans; Calcifying Nanoparticles; Dental Plaque; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; X-Ray Diffraction; Alkaline Phosphatase; Phosphorus; Periodontitis; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Female; Adult; Calcium; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38798048
DOI: 10.1002/cre2.885 -
British Dental Journal May 2024As utilisation of dental implants continues to rise, so does the incidence of biological complications. When peri-implantitis has already caused extensive bone... (Review)
Review
As utilisation of dental implants continues to rise, so does the incidence of biological complications. When peri-implantitis has already caused extensive bone resorption, the dentist faces the dilemma of which therapy is the most appropriate to maintain the implant. Since non-surgical approaches of peri-implantitis have shown limited effectiveness, the present paper describes different surgical treatment modalities, underlining their indications and limitations. The primary goal in the management of peri-implantitis is to decontaminate the surface of the infected implant and to eliminate deep peri-implant pockets. For this purpose, access flap debridement, with or without resective procedures, has shown to be effective in a large number of cases. These surgical treatments, however, may be linked to post-operative recession of the mucosal margin. In addition to disease resolution, reconstructive approaches also seek to regenerate the bone defect and to achieve re-osseointegration.
Topics: Humans; Peri-Implantitis; Surgical Flaps; Dental Implants; Debridement
PubMed: 38789758
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-024-7405-9 -
Dentistry Journal May 2024Oral mucositis (OM) occurs in more than 95% of patients irradiated in the head and neck area. This paper aims to determine the occurrence and characteristics of OM in...
Oral mucositis (OM) occurs in more than 95% of patients irradiated in the head and neck area. This paper aims to determine the occurrence and characteristics of OM in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC), as well as the involvement of dentists/oral medicine specialists in treating such patients. : This study was conducted at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Department of Oral Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, from April to August 2022, on patients irradiated in the head and neck area. A unique OM questionnaire was created on the incidence, characteristics, oral care, and involvement of dentists in the overall care. : Thirty patients filled out the questionnaire. Of the 22 patients who had developed OM, 14 had grade-three OM. Ten patients were treated for OM in line with the instructions of an oral medicine specialist, eight based on the instructions of a specialist responsible for monitoring of the underlying disease, and four were not treated at all. Sixteen patients had not been referred to a dentist before the start of RT. : These results showed insufficient care and treatment of OM, as well as insufficient involvement of dentists in the oncology team.
PubMed: 38786532
DOI: 10.3390/dj12050134 -
Dentistry Journal May 2024Periodontal disease is caused by oral pathogenic bacteria and is associated with systemic disease and frailty. Therefore, its prevention is crucial in extending healthy...
Periodontal disease is caused by oral pathogenic bacteria and is associated with systemic disease and frailty. Therefore, its prevention is crucial in extending healthy life expectancy. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of orally administered oleanolic acid, extracted from wine pomace, on periodontopathic bacterial growth in healthy individuals. In this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group comparison study, 84 healthy adults were assigned to a placebo ( = 29), low-dose ( = 29, 9 mg oleanolic acid), or high-dose ( = 26, 27 mg oleanolic acid) groups. The number of oral bacteria in their saliva, collected before and 5 h after administration, was determined using the polymerase chain reaction-invader technique. The proportion of periodontopathic bacteria among the total oral bacteria in the saliva was calculated. Oleanolic acid significantly decreased the proportion of among the total oral bacteria in a dose-dependent manner ( = 0.005 (low-dose) and = 0.003 (high-dose) vs. placebo, Williams' test). Moreover, high-dose oleanolic acid decreased the proportion of ( = 0.064 vs. placebo, Williams' test). Periodontopathic bacteria are closely associated with the development and progression of periodontal disease; thus, the continuous daily intake of oleanolic acid derived from pomace may be helpful in maintaining a healthy oral microbiome by controlling the proportion of periodontopathic bacteria.
PubMed: 38786531
DOI: 10.3390/dj12050133 -
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and... Apr 2024Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has vastly affected mankind worldwide, and its long-term effect on oral health needs to be studied.
Prevalence of dental caries among coronavirus disease 2019-recovered patients and correlation with salivary total antioxidant capacity in Kalaburagi region of Indian subpopulation.
BACKGROUND
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has vastly affected mankind worldwide, and its long-term effect on oral health needs to be studied.
AIMS
The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental caries and its correlation with salivary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in Kalaburagi region of the Indian subpopulation.
METHODS
About 80 subjects (16-55 years) were included in the study based on selection criteria and were divided into two groups ( = 40). Group 1: no history of COVID-19 infection and Group 2: COVID-19-recovered subjects. Each group was subdivided into two subgroups ( = 20) A and B with and without dental caries. Dental caries was assessed using the decay, missing, filled, treatment (DMFT) index by the World Health Organization. About 5 ml of unstimulated saliva samples was collected and centrifuged at 2000 rpm for 10 min, and the supernatants were collected. Salivary TAC was estimated using 2,2'-azino-bis-[3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic] acid assay and observed under spectrophotometer (734 nm).
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test for normality distribution followed by one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey test ( < 0.05).
RESULTS
COVID-19-recovered subjects showed a higher prevalence of dental caries and lower TAC levels than non-COVID-19 subjects.
CONCLUSION
Higher prevalence of dental caries with lower levels of salivary TAC was found in COVID-19-recovered individuals.
PubMed: 38779205
DOI: 10.4103/JCDE.JCDE_36_24