Did you mean: aero coccaceae
-
Microbiology Spectrum May 2024Bacterial isolates from the human urinary microbiome have been extensively studied for their antibiotic resistance; however, little work has been done on those isolates...
UNLABELLED
Bacterial isolates from the human urinary microbiome have been extensively studied for their antibiotic resistance; however, little work has been done on those isolates that are difficult to grow . This study was designed to qualify a serum-based medium, New York City Broth III (NYCIII), in both sections =and a broth microdilution method to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of previously underreported or undescribed microbes that have a difficult time growing in standard Mueller-Hinton broth. Here, we demonstrate that NYCIII microbroth dilution can be an effective method for the determination of antibiotic susceptibility of species found in the human urinary microbiome. We show that this method serves well to characterize fastidious and anaerobic urinary microbes that have no Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines, including several in the families , , or . Previous studies using expanded quantitative urine culture reveal that urine samples from clinical patients are commonly polymicrobial in composition. Thus, we test whether NYCIII can serve as a viable harmonized medium, capable of supporting antibiotic susceptibility testing in a range of fastidious, non-fastidious, and anaerobic urinary microbes. We propose this methodology to be standardized comparable to CLSI standards to allow for resistance testing in uncharacterized urinary bacteria.
IMPORTANCE
Antibiotic susceptibilities of fastidious and anaerobic bacteria of the human urinary microbiome are largely underreported due to difficulty in growing them in the lab environment. The current standard medium, Muller-Hinton broth, has difficulty supporting the growth of many of these species, leaving microbiologists without a standardized method. To address this need, this study offers a methodology to survey susceptibilities in a high-throughput manner of these understudied microbes with a proposed harmonized medium, NYCIII, which is capable of supporting the growth of both fastidious and non-fastidious urinary microbes. Broader standardization of this method can allow for the development of antibiotic-resistant breakpoints of the many uncharacterized urinary microbes.
PubMed: 38709058
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00314-24 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Apr 2024There is a growing evidence suggesting the association of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and cognitive impairment. In this study we evaluated the possible involvement of gut...
There is a growing evidence suggesting the association of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and cognitive impairment. In this study we evaluated the possible involvement of gut microbiota in the cognitive impairments mediated by VDD and investigated the effects of pharmacological treatment with the oxazoline derivative of the aliamide palmitoylethanolamide, 2-Pentadecyl-2-oxazoline (PEA-OXA). Mice were submitted to behavioural, biochemical and electrophysiological analysis to assess whether their vitamin D status affected cognitive performance together with gut microbiota composition. In VDD mice we found cognitive malfunctioning associated with reduced neuroplasticity, indicated by impaired long term potentiation, and neuroinflammation at the hippocampal level. Importantly, PEA-OXA counteracted the cognitive impairments and modified the biochemical and functional changes induced by VDD. Additionally, PEA-OXA treatment enhanced gut microbiota diversity, which tended to be decreased by VDD only in female mice, elevated the relative abundance of lactic and butyric acid-producing families, i.e. Aerococcaceae and Butyricicoccaceae, and reversed the VDD-induced decrease of butyrate-producing beneficial genera, such as Blautia in female mice, and Roseburia in male mice. These data provide novel insights for a better understanding of the cognitive decline induced by VDD and related gut dysbiosis and its potential therapeutic treatment.
PubMed: 38670046
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116600 -
Journal of Biotechnology Feb 2024l-Lactate oxidase has important applications in biosensing and finds increased use in biocatalysis. The enzyme has been characterized well, yet its immobilization has...
l-Lactate oxidase has important applications in biosensing and finds increased use in biocatalysis. The enzyme has been characterized well, yet its immobilization has not been explored in depth. Here, we studied immobilization of Aerococcus viridansl-lactate oxidase on porous carriers of variable matrix material (polymethacrylate, polyurethane, agarose) and surface functional group (amine, Ni-loaded nitrilotriacetic acid (NiNTA), epoxide). Carrier activity (A) and immobilized enzyme effectiveness (ɳ) were evaluated in dependence of protein loading. Results show that efficient immobilization (A: up to 1450 U/g carrier; ɳ: up to 65%) requires a hydrophilic carrier (agarose) equipped with amine groups. The value of ɳ declines sharply as A increases, probably due to transition into diffusional regime. Untagged l-lactate oxidase binds to NiNTA carrier similarly as N-terminally His-tagged enzyme. Lixiviation studies reveal quasi-irreversible enzyme adsorption on NiNTA carrier while partial release of activity (≤ 25%) is shown from amine carrier. The desorbed enzyme exhibits the same specific activity as the original l-lactate oxidase. Collectively, our study identifies basic requirements of l-lactate oxidase immobilization on solid carrier and highlights the role of ionic interactions in enzyme-surface adsorption.
Topics: Aerococcus; Sepharose; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Enzymes, Immobilized; Amines
PubMed: 38280467
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.01.011 -
International Journal of Molecular... Nov 2023() is a swine pathogen that can cause sepsis, meningitis, endocarditis, and other infectious diseases; it is also a zoonotic pathogen that has caused a global surge in...
() is a swine pathogen that can cause sepsis, meningitis, endocarditis, and other infectious diseases; it is also a zoonotic pathogen that has caused a global surge in fatal human infections. The widespread prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains and the decline in novel antibiotic candidates have necessitated the development of alternative antimicrobial agents. In this study, AVPL, the () phage lysin, was found to exhibit efficient bactericidal activity and broad lytic activity against multiple serotypes of . A final concentration of 300 μg/mL AVPL reduced counts by 4-4.5 log10 within 1 h in vitro. Importantly, AVPL effectively inhibited 48 h biofilm formation and disrupted preformed biofilms. In a mouse model, 300 μg/mouse AVPL protected 100% of mice from infection following the administration of lethal doses of multidrug-resistant type 2 (SS2) strain SC19, reduced the bacterial load in different organs, and effectively alleviated inflammation and histopathological damage in infected mice. These data suggest that AVPL is a valuable candidate antimicrobial agent for treating infections.
Topics: Animals; Swine; Humans; Mice; Bacteriophages; Aerococcus; Streptococcus suis; Streptococcal Infections; Bacteremia; Disease Models, Animal
PubMed: 38068990
DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316670 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Jul 2023In order to investigate and develop functional foods of marine origin with hypoglycemic activity, polysaccharide-Zn(II) (EZ) complex was first prepared by marine...
In order to investigate and develop functional foods of marine origin with hypoglycemic activity, polysaccharide-Zn(II) (EZ) complex was first prepared by marine resourced polysaccharide (EP) and ZnSO and their anti-diabetes activities against high-sugar and high-fat-induced diabetic mice were evaluated. The detailed structural characterization of EZ was elucidated by UV-Vis spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and monosaccharide composition determination. The pharmacological research suggests that EZ has a potent hypoglycemic effect on high-sugar and high-fat-induced diabetic mice by inhibiting insulin resistance, improving dyslipidemia, decreasing inflammatory status, repairing pancreas damage, as well as activating the IRS/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and regulating GLUT2 gene expression. At the same time, microbiota analysis indicates that a high dose of EZ could enhance the abundance of dominant species, such as , , , , and , in intestinal microbiota distribution. Thus, EZ could be considered as a potential candidate for developing an ingredient of functional foods for Zn(II) supplements with hypoglycemic activity.
PubMed: 37569125
DOI: 10.3390/foods12152854 -
Emerging Infectious Diseases Aug 2023We report a novel Globicatella species causing extensive soft tissue infection in a man bitten by a stray domestic cat in the United Kingdom. We identified this...
We report a novel Globicatella species causing extensive soft tissue infection in a man bitten by a stray domestic cat in the United Kingdom. We identified this bacterium by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, whole-genome sequencing, and biochemical profiling and determined antimicrobial drug susceptibility.
Topics: Animals; Cats; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Soft Tissue Infections; Aerococcaceae; Bacteria
PubMed: 37486350
DOI: 10.3201/eid2908.221770 -
Clinical Infectious Diseases : An... Oct 2023
Topics: Humans; Aerococcus; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Endocarditis; Heart; Communicable Diseases
PubMed: 37382039
DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad393 -
Microorganisms May 2023Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a diverse group of microorganisms of the order in the phylum, subdivision , comprising, at this stage of taxonomic descriptions six...
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a diverse group of microorganisms of the order in the phylum, subdivision , comprising, at this stage of taxonomic descriptions six families (, , , , and ) [...].
PubMed: 37317164
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11051190 -
Gastroenterology Report 2022Severe alcohol-associated hepatitis (SAH) patients with infections have a high short-term mortality rate. Gut microbiota dysbiosis plays an important role in the...
Clinical outcomes and gut microbiota analysis of severe alcohol-associated hepatitis patients undergoing healthy donor fecal transplant or pentoxifylline therapy: single-center experience from Kerala.
BACKGROUND
Severe alcohol-associated hepatitis (SAH) patients with infections have a high short-term mortality rate. Gut microbiota dysbiosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of SAH. Preliminary studies have demonstrated long-term benefits with healthy donor fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Data on FMT compared with pentoxifylline for SAH and relevant gut microbial changes are lacking in literature.
METHODS
From January 2019 to February 2021, retrospective analysis of a single hospital's records revealed 47 SAH patients undergoing FMT (100 mL/day via nasoduodenal tube for 7 days) and 25 matched patients receiving pentoxifylline (400 mg/8 h for 28 days). The primary end point was a 6-month survival rate. Secondary end points included incidence of ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, infections, acute kidney injury, and gut microbiota changes between post-therapy groups. Biomarker discovery and network analysis were also performed to identify significant taxa of gut microbiota in post-treatment groups in retrospectively stored stool samples.
RESULTS
All were males. The 6-month survival rate was higher in the patients undergoing FMT than in patients receiving pentoxifylline (83.0% vs 56.0%, =0.012). At the end of 6-month follow-up, the incidences of clinically significant ascites (56.0% vs 25.5%, =0.011), hepatic encephalopathy (40.0% vs 10.6%, =0.003), and critical infections (52.0% vs 14.9%, <0.001) in patients administered pentoxifylline were significantly higher than those in patients treated with FMT. At 3 months, biomarker analysis revealed a significant abundance of and in the FMT group and the pentoxifylline group, respectively. At 6 months, in the FMT group and pathogenic in the pentoxifylline group were notable. Network analysis showed beneficial taxa () as a central influencer in those undergoing FMT at 6 months.
CONCLUSIONS
Healthy donor FMT improved survival rate and reduced liver-related complications compared with pentoxifylline. These clinical benefits were associated with favorable modulation of intestinal bacterial communities. Difficult-to-treat SAH patients may be safely bridged to transplantation using FMT. Controlled trials evaluating long-term outcomes are an unmet need.
PubMed: 36479155
DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goac074 -
European Journal of Pediatrics Feb 2023Aerococcus urinae (A. urinae) is primarily recognized as a common pathogen in the geriatric population, causing urinary tract infection (UTI), sepsis, and endocarditis,...
Aerococcus urinae (A. urinae) is primarily recognized as a common pathogen in the geriatric population, causing urinary tract infection (UTI), sepsis, and endocarditis, predominantly in female patients. In the paediatric population, only a few case reports exist suggesting A. urinae causes malodorous urine in otherwise healthy boys. In this study, we investigated the spectrum of clinical and laboratory presentations of A. urinae detection in children. A retrospective, single-centre, case series including all patients with the detection of A. urinae during a 7-year study period. Patients with detection of A. urinae only in non-urogenital skin swabs were excluded. A total of 40 samples from 33 patients were identified of which 20 patients were included in the final analysis. The median (IQR) age was 6.8 (2.9-9.5) years; 18 (90%) patients were boys. Four patients were diagnosed with a UTI, six had malodorous urine without UTI, three were diagnosed with balanitis and seven showed A. urinae colonization in the urine culture. Urogenital disorders were present in 12 patients. Additional pathogens were detected in 13 patients. Recurrence of detection during our study period was observed in four (20%) patients. Conclusion: Beyond malodorous urine, A. urinae detection is associated with more severe presentations including UTI in the paediatric population. Pre-existing urogenital disorders were frequent, and therefore, a nephro-urological investigation should be considered in all cases of A. urinae detection in the paediatric population. What is Known: • Aerococcus urinae (A. urinae) is known to be a common pathogen in the geriatric population, causing urinary tract infection (UTI), sepsis, and endocarditis, predominantly in female patients. • In the paediatric population, A. urinae is mainly described as a low-grade pathogen. Some case reports describe A. urinae as the cause of extraordinary malodorous urine in otherwise healthy boys. What is New: • Beyond malodorous urine, A. urinae detection is associated with more severe presentations including UTI in the paediatric population. • A. urinae was mainly detected in boys with pre-existing urogenital disorders; therefore, a nephro-urological investigation should be considered in cases of A. urinae detection in the paediatric population.
Topics: Aged; Male; Humans; Child; Female; Retrospective Studies; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Urinary Tract Infections; Aerococcus; Sepsis; Endocarditis; Urinary Tract; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections
PubMed: 36472648
DOI: 10.1007/s00431-022-04730-2