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Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences Jul 2024Phytate content in feed ingredients can negatively impact digestibility and palatability. To address this issue, it is necessary to study microbes capable of breaking...
Phytate content in feed ingredients can negatively impact digestibility and palatability. To address this issue, it is necessary to study microbes capable of breaking down phytate content. This study aimed to isolate and characterize phytase-producing bacteria from decaying materials rich in phytic acid. The research was conducted in several stages. The first stage involved isolating phytase-producing bacteria from the acidification of using growth media containing Na-phytate. Bacterial isolates that produced clear zones were then tested for their activity and ability to produce several enzymes, specifically phytase, cellulase, and protease. The next step was to test the morphological characteristics of the bacterial isolate. The final stage of bacterial identification consisted of DNA isolation, followed by PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA gene, DNA sequence homology analysis, and construction of a phylogenetic tree. Based on research, three isolates were found to produce clear phytase zones: isolates R5 (20.3 mm), R7 (16.1 mm) and R8 (31.7 mm). All isolates were able to produce the enzymes phytase (5.45-6.54 U/ml), cellulase (2.60-2.92 U/ml), and protease (22.2-23.4 U/ml). Metagenomic testing identified isolate R7 and R8 as and isolate R5 as . The isolation and characterization of phytase-producing bacteria from acidification resulted in the identification of two promising candidates that can be applied as sources of phytase producers. Phytase-producing bacteria can be utilized to improve digestibility and palatability in animal feed.
PubMed: 38813263
DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.104006 -
Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports May 2024Achromobacter xylosoxidans is an uncommon opportunistic organism, mainly causing infection in immune-compromised hosts. A. xylosoxidans is a non-fermenting Gram-negative...
INTRODUCTION
Achromobacter xylosoxidans is an uncommon opportunistic organism, mainly causing infection in immune-compromised hosts. A. xylosoxidans is a non-fermenting Gram-negative bacillus. Being closely associated with Alcaligenes species was also called A. xylosoxidans.
CASE REPORT
A few cases of periprosthetic infection by A. xylosoxidans have been reported outside India. A periprosthetic infection with A. xylosoxidans following a total knee arthroplasty is reported in a female.
CONCLUSION
A. xylosoxidans is a pathogen capable of causing prosthetic joint infection even in immunocompetent patients. Thorough debridement and appropriate antibiotic treatment is essential for the success of revision surgery.
PubMed: 38784887
DOI: 10.13107/jocr.2024.v14.i05.4422 -
Microbiological Research May 2024The root microbiota plays a crucial role in plant performance. The use of microbial consortia is considered a very useful tool for studying microbial interactions in the...
The root microbiota plays a crucial role in plant performance. The use of microbial consortia is considered a very useful tool for studying microbial interactions in the rhizosphere of different agricultural crop plants. Thus, a consortium of 3 compatible beneficial rhizospheric Pseudomonas strains previously isolated from the avocado rhizosphere, was constructed. The consortium is composed of two compatible biocontrol P. chlororaphis strains (PCL1601 and PCL1606), and the biocontrol rhizobacterium Pseudomonas alcaligenes AVO110, which are all efficient root colonizers of avocado and tomato plants. These three strains were compatible with each other and reached stable levels both in liquid media and on plant roots. Bacterial strains were fluorescent tagged, and colonization-related traits were analyzed in vitro, revealing formation of mixed biofilm networks without exclusion of any of the strains. Additionally, bacterial colonization patterns compatible with the different strains were observed, with high survival traits on avocado and tomato roots. The bacteria composing the consortium shared the same root habitat and exhibited biocontrol activity against soil-borne fungal pathogens at similar levels to those displayed by the individual strains. As expected, because these strains were isolated from avocado roots, this Pseudomonas-based consortium had more stable bacterial counts on avocado roots than on tomato roots; however, inoculation of tomato roots with this consortium was shown to protect tomato plants under high-temperature stress. The results revealed that this consortium has side beneficial effect for tomato plants under high-temperature stress, thus improving the potential performance of the individual strains. We concluded that this rhizobacterial consortium do not improve the plant protection against soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi displayed by the single strains; however, its inoculation can show an specific improvement of plant performance on a horticultural non-host plant (such as tomato) when the plant was challenged by high temperature stress, thus extending the beneficial role of this bacterial consortium.
PubMed: 38761488
DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127761 -
BMC Plant Biology May 2024Soil salinity is one of the major menaces to food security, particularly in dealing with the food demand of the ever-increasing global population. Production of cereal...
BACKGROUND
Soil salinity is one of the major menaces to food security, particularly in dealing with the food demand of the ever-increasing global population. Production of cereal crops such as wheat is severely affected by soil salinity and improper fertilization. The present study aimed to examine the effect of selected microbes and poultry manure (PM) on seedling emergence, physiology, nutrient uptake, and growth of wheat in saline soil. A pot experiment was carried out in research area of Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Saline soil (12 dS m w/w) was developed by spiking using sodium chloride, and used in experiment along with two microbial strains (i.e., Alcaligenes faecalis MH-2 and Achromobacter denitrificans MH-6) and PM. Finally, wheat seeds (variety Akbar-2019) were sown in amended and unamended soil, and pots were placed following a completely randomized design. The wheat crop was harvested after 140 days of sowing.
RESULTS
The results showed a 10-39% increase (compared to non-saline control) in agronomic, physiological, and nutritive attributes of wheat plants when augmented with PM and microbes. Microbes together with PM significantly enhanced seedling emergence (up to 38%), agronomic (up to 36%), and physiological (up to 33%) in saline soil as compared to their respective unamended control. Moreover, the co-use of microbes and PM also improved soil's physicochemical attributes and enhanced N (i.e., 21.7%-17.1%), P (i.e., 24.1-29.3%), and K (i.e., 28.7%-25.3%) availability to the plant (roots and shoots, respectively). Similarly, the co-use of amendments also lowered the Na contents in soil (i.e., up to 62%) as compared to unamended saline control. This is the first study reporting the effects of the co-addition of newly identified salt-tolerant bacterial strains and PM on seedling emergence, physiology, nutrient uptake, and growth of wheat in highly saline soil.
CONCLUSION
Our findings suggest that co-using a multi-trait bacterial culture and PM could be an appropriate option for sustainable crop production in salt-affected soil.
Topics: Triticum; Manure; Soil; Animals; Salinity; Poultry; Soil Microbiology; Seedlings; Fertilizers; Alcaligenes faecalis
PubMed: 38760709
DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05137-x -
PloS One 2024Endophytic bacteria, recognized as eco-friendly biofertilizers, have demonstrated the potential to enhance crop growth and yield. While the plant growth-promoting...
Endophytic bacteria, recognized as eco-friendly biofertilizers, have demonstrated the potential to enhance crop growth and yield. While the plant growth-promoting effects of endophytic bacteria have been extensively studied, the impact of weed endophytes remains less explored. In this study, we aimed to isolate endophytic bacteria from native weeds and assess their plant growth-promoting abilities in rice under varying chemical fertilization. The evaluation encompassed measurements of mineral phosphate and potash solubilization, as well as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production activity by the selected isolates. Two promising strains, tentatively identified as Alcaligenes faecalis (BTCP01) from Eleusine indica (Goose grass) and Metabacillus indicus (BTDR03) from Cynodon dactylon (Bermuda grass) based on 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, exhibited noteworthy phosphate and potassium solubilization activity, respectively. BTCP01 demonstrated superior phosphate solubilizing activity, while BTDR03 exhibited the highest potassium (K) solubilizing activity. Both isolates synthesized IAA in the presence of L-tryptophan, with the detection of nifH and ipdC genes in their genomes. Application of isolates BTCP01 and BTDR03 through root dipping and spraying at the flowering stage significantly enhanced the agronomic performance of rice variety CV. BRRI dhan29. Notably, combining both strains with 50% of recommended N, P, and K fertilizer doses led to a substantial increase in rice grain yields compared to control plants receiving 100% of recommended doses. Taken together, our results indicate that weed endophytic bacterial strains BTCP01 and BTDR03 hold promise as biofertilizers, potentially reducing the dependency on chemical fertilizers by up to 50%, thereby fostering sustainable rice production.
Topics: Oryza; Endophytes; Alcaligenes faecalis; Plant Weeds; Fertilizers; Phosphates; Indoleacetic Acids; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Phylogeny; Plant Roots; Eleusine; Cynodon; Potassium
PubMed: 38753661
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296547 -
IDCases 2024is a Gram-negative, aerobic, non-fermenting bacillus mainly responsible for nosocomial infections. We report the first case of community-acquired spondylodiscitis...
is a Gram-negative, aerobic, non-fermenting bacillus mainly responsible for nosocomial infections. We report the first case of community-acquired spondylodiscitis caused by Achromobacter xylosoxidans in a 61-year-old woman, immunocompromised with necrotizing dermohypodermitis of the right lower limb successfully treated with ertapenem and ciprofloxacin.
PubMed: 38737915
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2024.e01980 -
Data in Brief Jun 2024The sea cucumber () is a species found in the shallow waters near coral reefs and seagrass beds in Puerto Rico. To characterize the microbial taxonomic composition and...
The sea cucumber () is a species found in the shallow waters near coral reefs and seagrass beds in Puerto Rico. To characterize the microbial taxonomic composition and functional profiles present in the sea cucumber, total DNA was obtained from their intestinal system, fosmid libraries constructed, and subsequent sequencing was performed. The diversity profile displayed that the most predominant domain was Bacteria (76.56 %), followed by Viruses (23.24 %) and Archaea (0.04 %). Within the 11 phyla identified, the most abundant was Proteobacteria (73.16 %), followed by Terrabacteria group (3.20 %) and Fibrobacterota, Chlorobiota, Bacteroidota (FCB) superphylum (1.02 %). The most abundant species were (21.77 %), (14.78 %), and (5.00 %). The functional profile revealed that the most abundant functions are related to transporters, MISC (miscellaneous information systems), organic nitrogen, energy, and carbon utilization. The data collected in this project on the diversity and functional profiles of the intestinal system of the provided a detailed view of its microbial ecology. These findings may motivate comparative studies aimed at understanding the role of the microbiome in intestinal regeneration.
PubMed: 38690316
DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2024.110421 -
African Journal of Infectious Diseases 2024Infectious diseases due to antibiotic resistant pathogens are a global public health problem. This study aimed at determining the potential effect of bacterial-fungal...
BACKGROUND
Infectious diseases due to antibiotic resistant pathogens are a global public health problem. This study aimed at determining the potential effect of bacterial-fungal interaction on the antibiotic susceptibility profile of
MATERIALS AND METHODS
was isolated from water samples. The isolate was identified using the conventional biochemical tests and the 16S rRNA molecular sequencing technique. Additionally, species was isolated and identified based on colony morphological characteristics and microscopic features. Standardized isolates were co-cultured in broth medium. Antibiotic susceptibility evaluation of the from the co-culture and the original was carried out using the Kirby bauer disk diffusion method.
RESULTS
The antibiotic susceptibility profile of before and after co-culture remained largely unchanged except in the case of chloramphenicol, where the isolate showed reduced susceptibility. Molecular analysis of resistance gene revealed the absence of tested gene encoding antibiotic resistance, including the streptomycin resistance (str) genes ( and ) and the erythromycin resistance methylase () gene.
CONCLUSION
The result of this study showed that there is a minimal influence of cultures on the susceptibility of . Further research involving a wide spectrum of microorganisms and their interactions should be conducted to acquire a thorough understanding of the influence of microbial interactions on antibiotic susceptibility profiles in order to pave way for novel strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance.
PubMed: 38606189
DOI: 10.21010/Ajidv18i2.2 -
International Journal of Biological... May 2024The potential to degrade ochratoxin A (OTA), a highly poisonous mycotoxin, was investigated in cultures from Alcaligenes-type strains. Genome sequence analyses from...
The potential to degrade ochratoxin A (OTA), a highly poisonous mycotoxin, was investigated in cultures from Alcaligenes-type strains. Genome sequence analyses from different Alcaligenes species have permitted us to demonstrate a direct, causal link between the gene coding a known N-acyl-L-amino acid amidohydrolase from A. faecalis (AfOTH) and the OTA-degrading activity of this bacterium. In agreement with this finding, we found the gene coding AfOTH in two additional species included in the Alcaligenes genus, namely, A. pakistanensis, and A. aquatilis, which also degraded OTA. Notably, A. faecalis subsp. faecalis DSM 30030 was able to transform OTα, the product of OTA hydrolysis. AfOTH from A. faecalis subsp. phenolicus DSM 16503 was recombinantly over-produced and enzymatically characterized. AfOTH is a Zn-containing metalloenzyme that possesses structural features and conserved residues identified in the M20D family of enzymes. AfOTH is a tetramer in solution that shows both aminoacylase and carboxypeptidase activities. Using diverse potential substrates, namely, N-acetyl-L-amino acids and carbobenzyloxy-L-amino acids, a marked preference towards C-terminal Phe and Tyr residues could be deduced. The structural basis for this specificity has been determined by in silico molecular docking analyses. The amidase activity of AfOTH on C-terminal Phe residues structurally supports its OTA and OTB degradation activity.
Topics: Ochratoxins; Alcaligenes; Amidohydrolases; Substrate Specificity; Amino Acid Sequence; Structure-Activity Relationship
PubMed: 38574921
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131342 -
Journal of Veterinary Research Mar 2024Since the middle of the 1980s, severe skin disorders have been observed in Baltic cod () each year. Available data on the spectrum of bacteria isolated from the clinical...
INTRODUCTION
Since the middle of the 1980s, severe skin disorders have been observed in Baltic cod () each year. Available data on the spectrum of bacteria isolated from the clinical cases being limited, and evaluation of the microbial background of fish skin lesions being useful, a bacteriological examination has been undertaken.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A total of 1,381 cod were caught during two voyages of the Baltica research vessel in the Polish exclusive economic zone of the southern Baltic Sea. After an examination which found lesions in 164 of the fish, a microbiological analysis was performed to isolate bacteria from them. The collected strains were phenotyped and genotyped, and their antimicrobial resistance was analysed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) techniques.
RESULTS
Bacteriological examinations provided 850 isolates. The dominant microorganisms were mesophilic spp., spp. and . Opportunistic bacteria potentially hazardous to human health were also isolated, . , , and sp. The MIC analysis determined the highest number of bacteria to resist sulphamethoxazole and amoxicillin and clavulanic acid.
CONCLUSION
Most of the collected bacteria were opportunistic pathogens for fish, widespread in the aquatic environment, and potentially threatening to humans.
PubMed: 38525229
DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2024-0004